Ninth grade Chinese language unit 6 courseware

Ninth grade Chinese language unit 6 courseware

Qiushui

1. Literary knowledge

Zhuangzi, a famous Zhou Dynasty philosopher, Essayist. He inherited and carried forward Laozi's thoughts. Like Laozi, he is a representative figure of the Taoist school and is known as Laozi and Zhuangzi in the world. The prose of "Zhuangzi" is full of fantasy, ingenious conception, good use of allegories and metaphors, and the writing style is unrestrained and has a romantic artistic style.

2. Key words

1. Tongjia? Don’t argue with each other. The same as "distinguish", distinguish the characters of Tongqi

2. Inflection? The adjective of the meaning of Qing Boyi is used as a verb, to despise

The directional noun is used as an adverbial to go eastward with the current, eastward

3. Special sentence patterns.

① After hearing the Tao, I thought Mo Jiruo

The object is placed in front. It should be "Mo Ruoji". It belongs to the type of negative sentences in which the pronoun is the object in the preposition of the object.

②I have always seen laughter in a generous family.

Passive sentence: see... at, see, be.

Adverbial postposition: "in a generous home" postposition

4. Idioms

① Looking at the ocean and sighing

Looking at the ocean and sighing: looking at the ocean, looking up. Looking up at the sea god and sighing. It originally refers to lamenting one's own insignificance in the face of great things. It often refers to feeling helpless due to incompetence or lack of conditions when doing things.

②I have always seen laughter in a generous family.

Yixiaofang: Yixiao means making people laugh; generosity originally refers to a person who understands the truth, and later generally refers to a person who is knowledgeable or has expertise. It means making the insiders laugh. Generous family: Refers to people who are highly cultivated and understand the truth.

3. Principle

Individuals have limited knowledge. After comparison, they will show their own shortcomings. If they are proud and complacent, they will inevitably make people laugh at their generosity.

1 There are mountains beyond the mountains, and there is heaven beyond the sky. People value self-knowledge;

2 Humility will benefit, but humility will cause harm;

3 Arrogance is due to ignorance;

4. Knowing shame is close to courage;

5. Overcoming subjectivism and preventing one-sidedness;

6. Only by comparison can we distinguish.

Foolish Old Man Moves Mountains

1. Literary common sense

Liezi, Lie Yukou, Warring States, Taoist school. "The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountain" is selected from "Liezi Tangwen". This is a fable.

2. Key words

1. Tongjia? What’s more, what’s wrong with you? Hui-Hui Chongming

Beginning to turn against Yan? Turning back-turning back

He meander The wise old man died in response to his death - nothing? nothing

2. Special sentence pattern: Feeling his sincerity: I was moved by his sincerity.

Like Taihang and Wangwu: What can we do about Taihang and Wangwu mountains? If...how, how about....

3． Ancient and modern word meanings

(1) Even if I die (even if)

(2) Why not be peaceful (sorrow)

(3) The mountain will not increase (More)

Three. Features of writing

Mythical ending. The ending with a myth can better highlight Yu Gong’s spirit that shakes the world and makes ghosts and gods weep. It fully demonstrates the great power of human beings. This is an affirmation of the foolish old man's spirit and reflects a good wish of the ancient working people. This is completely different from ordinary feudal superstition.

Yu Gong retorted. This passage is written in a "true" rhetorical technique, one sentence after another, closely linked layer by layer, which fully illustrates the principle of endless succession of descendants.

Moving mountains is difficult. The journey is long, the tools are crude, the mountains are big and high, and there are not enough manpower.

IV. Character image

Yu Gong is far-sighted and perseverant, but wise and short-sighted

V. Principles

The article focuses on shaping Yu Gong’s character image.

The success of Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountains demonstrates the great courage and perseverance of the working people in ancient my country to transform nature. It also illustrates the principle that to overcome difficulties, one must be determined and persevere in struggle.

Bian Que meets Duke Huan of Cai

1. Literary common sense

Han Fei? "Han Feizi" of the Legalist School

2. Key words Words

1. Tongjia?Qi-Ji?Shuo-Yue?Soup-scalding?Huan-Xuan

2. Therefore: Special search: Looking for Attribute: Guan, in charge

3. If the doctor is good at curing the disease and does not treat the disease, he should take credit for it. The particle, the subject and the predicate, cancel the independence of the sentence.

4. Idiom: To hide a disease and avoid medical treatment is to be afraid that people will know that you are sick and refuse to treat it. It is a metaphor for covering up shortcomings and not wanting to correct them.

3. Bian Que - superb medical skills, conscientious, alert and decisive; Cai Huan Gong - headstrong, unwilling to treat illnesses, and arrogant and cruel.

IV. Principle

The story of Duke Huan who died because he concealed his illness and avoided medical treatment has an obvious persuasive color. It warns people: they must face up to their own shortcomings and mistakes and cannot refuse criticism and help from others.

Enlightenment: If you have a disease, you must treat it early, and do not hide the disease and avoid medical treatment; when dealing with shortcomings and mistakes, you should guard against minor mistakes; do not be subjective and suspicious, and do not refuse advice; to avoid disasters, you must be aware of the subtleties and take precautions as early as possible.

The Snake Catcher's Theory

1. Literary Common Sense

The "Shuo" written by Liu Zongyuan when he was demoted to Yongzhou is a literary style in ancient my country

2. Key words

Summary of content words

Made for? ①. "But when you get it, you use it as bait." ②Do it, do it. "This is my heir for twelve years." ③For. "That's why it's said."

Years? ①Every year. "The second gift of the year". ② years. "I have accumulated it since I am sixty years old now."

Very? ①Very. "A person who looks very sad". ②Awesome. "What a misfortune it is for me not to be like Fufu." ③Exceed. "The poison of Fu Lian is like that of a snake!"

If? ① It seems like. "A person who looks very sad". ②You. "Is it poisonous?"

Poison? ① Resentment. "Is it poisonous?" ② Poisonous. "Hush the poisonous plague". ③ Poison. "The poison of Fu Lian is like a snake."

生? ①Live, make - survive. "Will you live in mourning?" ②Life. "The neighbors' birthdays are frowning."

Food? ①Eat. "Retreat and be willing to eat what you have in the soil." ②sì, feed. "Eat with caution."

Summary of function words

And ?①tables are parallel. "Black substance but white chapter". ②Table acceptance. "Retreat and be willing to eat what you have in the soil." ③And. "You will live in mourning?" ④ But, but. "But I am left alone by catching snakes." ⑤ Connect adverbials and predicates. "Migrate when called out."

With ?①And, if. "If you bite people, you will not be able to control them." ②Use, take. "The imperial physician gathered them together according to the king's order." ③Because. "But I am left alone by catching snakes." ④Based on. "Now let's look at it from Jiang's perspective." ⑤ Table of contents. "That's why I say it, it's the husband who observes people's demeanor."

Yan ? ① This is also the word. "There will always be people fighting and running around." ②. "Occasionally offer Yan." ③Modal particles. "There is nothing like this in this room now."

Really? ①. "Are you going to live in mourning?" ②. "The poison of Fu Lian is even worse than that of a snake!" ③ (mid-sentence) Yu, Zai. "Call about something."

Yu?①In. My ancestor died because of this. ②Give. I will inform those who came here. ③Arrived. "I have accumulated it since I am sixty years old now." ④Compared. "A harsh government is fiercer than a tiger."

3. Central idea

Using unique writing methods (foil and contrast), it sharply and profoundly exposes the harshness of taxation under feudal rule, reveals the suffering and misfortune suffered by the broad masses of the people, and expresses It shows the author's deep sympathy for the working people and his strong resentment against the brutal rule.

IV. Writing characteristics

(1) Use foil to highlight key points.

This article writes about the harm of poisonous snakes to highlight the harm of heavy taxation and harsh government.

The ancestors and father of the Chiang family died on catching snakes to pay for the fortune, but the Chiang family was willing to do this job. This makes people feel horrified to see that "the poison of the fortune is as bad as that of the snake."

(2) Use contrast to express the theme.

The article compares the experience of the neighbors who have been forced to "die or migrate" due to excessive taxes over the past 60 years with the situation of the Chiang family who "lived alone by catching snakes", shockingly showing that "the consequences of taxation are The poison is even worse than that of a snake."

Five poems

1. Concept of the article

The poem "Envoy to the Fortress" describes the author's difficult journey as an ambassador to the Fortress. The description of the strange and beautiful natural scenery outside the Great Wall expresses the author's depression and loneliness.

The poet berthed in the Qinhuai River at night, witnessed the feasting and feasting, and was emotionally moved by the scenery. He used the past to satirize the present to express the poet's concern and sorrow for the fate of the country.

The poem "Untitled" is probably written in the voice of a woman about two lovers who cannot bear to be separated and miss each other after separation.

The poem "Huanxisha" expresses the author's melancholy about the passing of time and the short-lived good times through cherishing spring.

The whole poem "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" expresses the poet's broad-mindedness through the joyous drinking under the moon on the Mid-Autumn Festival night and the memory of his younger brother Ziyou.

2. Appreciation of Famous Sentences

"The solitary smoke is straight in the desert, and the sun is setting in the long river." This antithetical sentence has neat contrasts. It not only writes about the strange and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall that the poet saw, but also writes about the poet's desolate and lonely emotion.

"Shang women don't know the hatred of losing their country." On the surface, this sentence is a criticism of singing girls, but in fact it satirizes the decadent world style of indulgence, drunkenness and dreams, as well as the rulers who are addicted to the realm of singing and dancing and do not know that "the country is about to perish".

“The spring silkworms will not run out of silk until they die, and the wax torches will not dry until they turn to ashes and tears.” It uses vivid metaphors and harmonics to describe the love between men and women that lasts until death.

"It is helpless that the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallows return." All beautiful things will disappear, but new things always appear with new looks, and life will not become void because of disappearance. reason.

"I wish you a long life, thousands of miles away from the moon" expresses the poet's optimistic and broad-minded feelings from depression to open-mindedness and good wishes for his relatives.