The main content and significance of the Emancipation Proclamation.

Main contents: It is stipulated that from New Year's Day of 1863, slavery in rebel states will be abolished and slaves will be allowed to join the Union Army as free men.

Significance: The Declaration on Emancipation of Blacks played a key role in reversing the situation of the Civil War. Since then, the United States began to move from north-south division to north-south reunification, and truly became a unified sovereign country with rapid economic development, which laid the foundation for its future position in the world.

The Emancipation Proclamation was promulgated by the President of the United States on September 22nd, 1862. 1 863 65438+1October1officially ordered the emancipation of slaves. Black people have no political rights and no land. However, the Declaration shows that the Lincoln administration has changed from restricting slavery to completely abolishing slavery, putting the war on a new foundation.

The Emancipation Proclamation is an extended material, a declaration issued by President abraham lincoln of the United States, which advocates that all slaves in the territory under American rebellion should enjoy freedom. However, the exemption does not include the border States that have not left the Federation and the States under federal control. Although this declaration only liberated a small number of slaves immediately, it actually strengthened the freedom authority of these slaves after the federal army took control of the federal territory, paving the way for the eventual abolition of slavery in the United States.

The whole declaration was issued in two parts: the first part was issued on September 22 1862, which was a compilation announcement outlining the purpose of the second part; The second part came into effect on June 1863 65438+ 10/0/the second year of the civil war, including abraham lincoln's statement that all slaves who left the union and returned to the states under federal control should be in June 1 863 65438+/kloc-0 at the latest.

When the second part was published, the names of 10 States were mentioned one by one, but Maryland, Delaware (which had not yet seceded from the Federation at that time), Tennessee (which was indeed under federal control at that time), Missouri and Kentucky (which accepted several factional governments but did not formally secede from the Federation) were deliberately ignored. 48 co-sponsors of West Virginia and other listed Virginia counties expressed special exemptions; It also includes several federally controlled counties in New Orleans and Louisiana.

Domestic influence-In addition to the limited direct influence on slaves, this declaration symbolizes the change of northerners' war purpose: reorganizing the union is no longer the only purpose of the war. This represents an important stage in the abolition of federal slavery.

In addition, some slaves were declared to be released immediately. These slaves who escaped from the federal border and were called "war contraband" by the federal army were taken to the smuggling control camp; When the declaration came into effect, they were told at midnight that they were free to leave. In addition, the coastal islands of Georgia were occupied by the federal navy during the war, so many local whites fled back to the American continent, leaving black slaves to live here. The admiral read the declaration in front of them and told them that they were free.

International influence-overseas, as Lincoln expected, this declaration turned his people to support the federal government's commitment to end slavery. This change shattered the hope that the Confederate government would be officially recognized by other countries, especially Britain. As henry adams said, "The Emancipation Declaration has done more than our previous victories and diplomatic strategies."

Military influence-the military reacted differently to this statement. Some units almost launched a military protest, while others deserted collectively because they heard this declaration; On the other hand, other units hope that the ideal can be made more lofty through legislation, so at least one unit has adopted such a motto: "For the Federation and Freedom".

For the Federation, the problem of slaves is part of the "engine of war": these slaves are responsible for producing and storing food, repairing railways, working in farmland and workshops, transporting ships, digging mines, building fortifications, doing nursing work and general labor. In order to arouse the dissatisfaction of slaves in the Confederacy, millions of copies of the Emancipation Declaration were circulated in the Confederacy territory occupied by the Federation.

And as expected, the news spread rapidly through word of mouth, igniting people's hope for freedom, causing public confusion and encouraging many black slaves to get up and run away.

References:

Emancipation Manifesto-Baidu Encyclopedia