Analysis of Chinese application problems in college entrance examination in Guangdong province over the years and the trend of future test questions.

20 1 1 Analysis of Chinese Test Papers in Guangdong College Entrance Examination and Prospect of 20 12 Proposition.

20 1 1 In the eighth year of Guangdong province's independent proposition, Chinese test questions have gradually matured and stabilized in content and structure, and their humanity, instrumentality and localization are more obvious. The test questions change steadily, are closer to reality, pay attention to the ability test, and have a great intention to return to the basic knowledge voluntarily.

1. Characteristics of 20 1 1 Guangdong College Entrance Examination Paper

1. The basic questions further strengthen the cultivation of the three basic abilities of Chinese education in senior high schools proposed by the curriculum standards.

"Pay attention to the cultivation of Chinese practicality, aesthetics and inquiry ability, and promote the balanced and personalized development of students. "These are the three major Chinese abilities required to be tested in the syllabus of the 2007 Chinese examination in the experimental area of curriculum standards. This point has been well reflected in the phonetics, glyphs, idioms, language diseases and language use questions in this year's college entrance examination. The first four multiple-choice questions inherit the tradition of previous years and remain unchanged. This year's language use test chooses related words to fill in the blanks, changes loose sentences to whole sentences, and writes the nominative line. These questions belong to the ability test type, which has a good guiding role in returning to the cultivation of basic Chinese literacy and just responds to the criticism of Chinese teaching in the current society. Returning to the classroom and Chinese language and literature itself, this year's Cantonese college entrance examination topic gives a good answer.

2. The choice of reading questions is both artistic and beautiful, which highlights the regionality and sense of the times.

20 1 1 Guangdong college entrance examination Chinese reading texts are all texts with strong literariness, profound cultural connotation and philosophical sentiment, which are suitable for middle school students to read. Classical Chinese is selected from Ge Xucun's Anecdotes of Celebrities in Qing Dynasty? It will be a short essay, the text is easy to understand, and the test sites are concentrated. Su Shi's Minus Magnolia is also easy to understand, and the topic setting is also the content and emotional analysis of students' usual practice. Jiang Kongyang's aesthetic thesis selects cultural works, which is an investigation of aesthetic ability. The article has a clear structure and is of great ornamental and educational significance. There are two articles on examination, one is written by a Guangdong writer (Chen, a writer of Guangdong Raoping County Federation of Literary and Art Circles), and the other is written by a Guangdong poet (Liang, a native of Xinhui, Guangdong Province). It can be seen that the proposer has taken great pains in selecting materials. Paying attention to regionality and localization in the choice of test questions is one of the characteristics of independent proposition. Localized materials and languages can make candidates feel more intimate when reading, and at the same time make Guangdong candidates pay more attention to local culture and its fine traditions. Throughout the selection of reading materials, whether ancient or modern, it fully reflects the requirements put forward by the new curriculum standard for college entrance examination reading: paying attention to cultivating literary appreciation ability and improving cultural taste and aesthetic taste.

3. The composition topic pays attention to reality and is close to human nature.

Paying attention to society and basing on reality is the embodiment of the core values of college entrance examination composition. Since the independent proposition of Guangdong province, the composition questions of college entrance examination often reflect the real society and tend to think about real life. This year's composition topic "Back to the Origin" is a verb-object structure, so the focus is on "Hui". The proposer's intention is to ask candidates to talk about how to return to the original point in combination with their life experiences and understanding. The original intention of "origin" is a geographical concept, as well as a mathematical concept and a philosophical concept. Therefore, when examining the questions, we must first concretize this abstract concept. According to the prompt, you can cut into a relatively familiar angle and write about the origin of life, feelings, life, humanity, thoughts, mentality, history and so on. A good composition requires candidates to change from experiencing life, feeling life and thinking about life to summing up life experience, guiding the future of life and creating a better life. In a word, this topic has a wide range of writing and is not very difficult, but it is not easy to get high marks. The key is whether the angle of choice cuts into the examinee's inner world and current social life, and whether the idea is surprisingly new.

Second, 20 12 candidates review strategies and problem-solving training

1. Macro-control, clear objectives, and improve the Chinese knowledge system.

Looking at the Chinese test questions in the college entrance examination in Guangdong Province in recent years, the overall structure, type, quantity and ability test trend of the test paper have not changed much, which has maintained the stability of the test paper. Accordingly, when reviewing in senior three, we should analyze the composition of the whole test paper, and have a clear idea of each test question, its score setting and the arrangement of problem-solving time in each part. Only by clearly reviewing objectives, reasonably positioning and scientific training can we improve our scores. In order to ensure the achievement of our goal, we should establish a basic Chinese knowledge system, then decompose the overall goal, establish the target scores of each part, and make clear our own efforts and key breakthrough goals.

Chinese, like all subjects, has its own knowledge system. Sorting out this system is conducive to defining the goals in review, forming a knowledge network in review and finding the basis for answering questions. Therefore, the establishment of Chinese knowledge system is the focus of the first stage review preparation. Establishing a complete Chinese knowledge system refers to sorting out and perfecting various systems of Chinese knowledge. The big system of Chinese knowledge includes pronunciation knowledge system, literature knowledge system, word knowledge system, simple and complex sentence knowledge system, rhetoric knowledge system, punctuation knowledge system, modern style knowledge system, ancient and modern literature knowledge system, writing knowledge system, classical Chinese knowledge system and so on. The small knowledge system of Chinese knowledge is the nature, classification, meaning or usage of each Chinese knowledge point. For example, the small system of "Zi" includes meaning, color, scope, collocation, style and so on. It can be even more detailed, such as the emotional color of the text. In the first round of review, we should be familiar with the large and small systems, and consciously link the reviewed knowledge points with their knowledge systems when reviewing specific knowledge points. Doing so is conducive to a comprehensive, in-depth and targeted review.

2. lay a solid foundation and strengthen accumulation,

Every year, the basic questions of Chinese college entrance examination are not eccentric, so candidates should pay attention to strengthening accumulation in their usual review. Specifically, the phonetic part of the test questions comes from 2500 common words and 1000 sub-common words required by the syllabus. Formally, it is a comparative examination form year after year (similar words in sound, similar words in shape, and polyphonic words), and the font questions are not tested for many years. This test center is often reflected in the deduction of typos in the composition, so we should pay attention to overcoming typos in the composition. In the word part, in recent four years, situational paragraphs are used to distinguish words, and the main object is idioms. This year, a two-syllable word "criticism" appeared, but the difficulty is not high. Ill sentences are compulsory, and the topic setting is nothing more than six common forms of ill sentences, such as "mixed sentences", "confused concepts" and "improper collocation", which are generally not difficult. When reviewing, we just need to grasp the types of ill sentences and look them up one by one. The setting of "no language barrier" in the topic is also very scientific, which makes the exam comprehensive and flexible. Coherent cohesion questions need strong Chinese literacy and strict logical thinking, but the form of multiple-choice questions reduces the difficulty of the questions. Generally, it is enough to find suggestive keywords, and all the materials used in this topic have inherent logic, so it is not difficult to find the incision and answer. In recent years, the Chinese application problems in the college entrance examination of Guangdong Chinese involve information acquisition (looking at pictures), extraction (conversion of different information) and expression. This year, I suddenly returned to the examination of Chinese basic ability, filled in related words, integrated loose sentences and wrote host words, indicating the need to strengthen the cultivation of basic ability and review Chinese basic knowledge. These topics show that there are no shortcuts and loopholes in college entrance examination review. The most correct way is to review the test sites in a down-to-earth manner and strengthen the training of language use. Opportunism is not feasible.

3. The ancient poetry section should strive for perfection and pay close attention to implementation.

Examination of notional words in classical Chinese (item 5, including: ambiguity, polysemy, ancient and modern different meanings, general functional words, flexible use, etc. ) and function words (item 6) are still the inheritance of the past, and the distribution of test sites is scientific and needs to be accumulated. The content of the article is understood as sub-question 7 and sub-question 8, but the two questions are suspected of overlapping. The knowledge of ancient Chinese can generally be divided into two categories: parts of speech and sentences. We should strengthen our understanding and analysis of special sentence patterns. Since 2007, the position of sentence-breaking questions has become more and more important, and the score has increased from 3 to 4. In addition to grasping the "sign" words of broken sentences, we should read more books and cultivate a sense of language. The difficulty of translation questions is decreasing year by year, but it is not easy to get full marks. Classical Chinese translation is nothing more than textual research (strange meaning, polysemy, ancient and modern different meanings, common fallacies, flexible use, etc.). ) and sentence patterns (special sentence patterns and fixed sentence patterns) We can pay close attention to these two aspects in our usual review. The emphasis of appreciation of ancient poetry is still the thoughts and feelings, expression techniques, images and language of ancient poetry, with special emphasis on the appreciation of images and thoughts and feelings. As far as this year's Broken Magnolia is concerned, compared with the previous two years, the difficulty is reduced, and the problem setting is more specific and simple. In the past five years, dictation has been three out of four, giving candidates a certain choice. The four small questions in this year's test paper are all required by the syllabus, including two classical Chinese and two poems. Therefore, candidates should memorize the items required by the outline in a down-to-earth manner and pay attention to the writing of error-prone words in sentences.

4. Modern text reading should be clear-headed and pay attention to the basic structure and core concepts of the text.

Explanatory texts are generally professional, and their viewpoints, connotations and philosophies are novel and peculiar. When reading, candidates don't need to read the content thoroughly. Some texts can clearly understand the author's core viewpoints and concepts, and clarify the ideas of argument. This year's text "Beauty and Beautiful Things" has a clear structure and is not difficult to read. From the perspective of answering questions, respect for words is the first principle, because some professional knowledge is not easy to answer in your own language. Every choice of multiple-choice questions should be based on the original text, and short-answer questions should also be closely related to the text, so as to grasp the choice point.

In the syllabus of elective reading texts, it is stipulated that literature includes novels, essays, poems and plays, and practical categories include biographies, news, reports and popular science articles. Whether reading or answering questions, each style has its own characteristics and tendencies, so candidates should have style awareness. In recent years, literature reading is all about testing novels or essays. This year, it is about testing novels. Novel criticism should pay attention to the three elements of the novel: plot, environment, characters and the themes they carry. Answering the plot questions focuses on screening and generalization, which is comprehensive and accurate. Character analysis questions should closely follow the text and thoroughly understand the deep meaning contained between the lines of the author. The environment either describes or illustrates the location of the character's activities, or exaggerates the atmosphere, promotes the development of the plot, or explains the identity of the character, suggests the character's personality, sets off the character's psychology, or suggests the ending of the story. The main reason for losing points in some practical exams is that the answers are irrelevant. There are also some candidates who answered very well at first, but changed halfway and failed to complete the requirements of asking questions. Therefore, when answering questions, you should carefully examine the questions and answer whatever you ask.

5. The composition should be simplified from complexity to reality, and the language should be natural and true, with a little literary talent.

The composition part is a large part of the Chinese test paper, and there are really many things to grasp. It is suggested that under the premise of ensuring the correctness of the examination and highlighting the center, the three levels of material selection, conception and language should be well done, which will undoubtedly add the heaviest weight to higher scores. When examining questions, don't deliberately think deeply in the examination room, and don't sell yourself short. You always think that you can't write it, which will further constrain your thinking. From "Common Sense" to "By Your Side" and this year's "Back to the Original Point", candidates should learn to turn the big into the small, turn the virtual into the real, and at the same time, the language should be natural and true, with a little literary talent. Judging from the guiding ideology of composition marking in recent years, candidates can get good marks as long as they meet the meaning of the questions and express clearly. If they were more literary and beautiful, their scores would not be low.

6. Develop a good habit of neat papers and standardized answers.

It is very effective to improve Chinese performance with neat paper and neat fonts. Getting into the habit of answering standardized questions can also help us get as many points as possible. Our classmates' nonstandard answers mainly include: answering irrelevant questions; Omit the point of view and directly say the reason; Not combined with written argument, etc. These all seriously affect the score. According to the author's many years' experience in marking the college entrance examination, the writing of the answer sheet is not necessarily very good, but it should be clear and easy to understand, which is convenient for the examiners to read and identify. The answers to subjective questions should be as concise as possible, and the horizontal lines should not be left blank; Don't scribble on the surface of the composition and don't alter it. The paper is neat and clean, and the format is correct, giving people a beautiful feeling. The reviewers get a good "first impression" from it. If they can give points, they will give you points. If they can deduct points, they will not deduct them. You will benefit a lot.

Third, Guangdong college entrance examination papers proposition trend

When talking about trends, we can only talk about the basic structure and general direction of test papers.

Since the independent proposition of Guangdong province for 8 years, the pattern of Chinese college entrance examination papers has been basically determined, that is, 6 major sections and 24 small questions. 20 1 1 slightly changed is that the 22 questions are divided into two small questions, each with 3 points, but the overall framework has not changed. Therefore, it is estimated that the large-scale structural layout that has been finalized at present is the main trend of future propositions.

In the basic knowledge part, the questions of the first four multiple-choice questions are basically unchanged, and the principle of examining the basic knowledge of language is adhered to. The questions are basically the same as the test sites. Pronunciation questions are to choose different pronunciations for each pair, and each pair is divided into three types: near sound, near shape and multi-sound; Words and phrases are examined in context to determine whether they are correct; A wrong question is a question without typos; Sorting questions also appear in the form of choice. It is expected that 20 12 will keep these four questions, but the way of asking individual questions will change.

The selection of classical Chinese in Guangdong college entrance examination is moderately difficult, even easy, and the topics are very routine: notional words, function words, character analysis, understanding of text and meaning, and sentence-breaking translation, except for sentence patterns in 2008.

In recent five years, the appreciation of ancient poetry is all about the works of Tang and Song Dynasties, and the poems of Tang and Song Dynasties are the main scope of the proposition group in Guangdong Province. However, in 2006, Tan Jingzhao (1774~ 1830), a scholar in Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, was selected to go to Guangzhou for a night tour to cross Xiufeng. Although the topic is not difficult, this proposition of using local materials to highlight local characteristics has been affirmed by many people and deserves attention.

The reading comprehension of discussion articles is basically fixed. There are two multiple-choice questions, one is double-choice, the other is single-choice, and there are two short-answer questions. No extra points for multiple choices, and 2 points for one question. This method has been used for several years, and it is expected that 20 12 will put forward this method.

20 1 1 The biggest feature is that the two articles read as elective courses present local characteristics, which is a bright spot and also gives us a hint. It is expected that this feature will continue to be strengthened in the next year's examination papers, so it is necessary to guide students to pay attention to local culture and understand Lingnan culture in the review process.

The language application part was a bit unexpected this year, but it was expected. This year, I suddenly returned to the examination of Chinese basic literacy after many years of graphic conversion, which reminded us that when reviewing this content, we should not only seek novelty and difference, but also focus on basics. Chinese is life, and life is Chinese.

As for composition, proposition is still the way of material plus proposition. It seems that the proposer is deliberately downplaying the examination of the topic, but emphasizing the concern for reality, growth and experience. At this point, Guangdong's college entrance examination composition proposition has been exploring a road that has certain restrictions and can give full play to candidates' talents. This is an idea worthy of recognition, and I believe it will continue along this road next year.

Judging from the trend of college entrance examination questions, the Chinese examination questions in the new year will certainly continue to strengthen the examination of basic Chinese knowledge and ability, especially the examination of language use. Such as emphasizing the meaning of words in context, the function of function words in sentence structure, and the additional meaning of idioms (such as the emotional color of words). ). In the use of sentences, it will further emphasize its life-oriented function. The examination questions of basic language knowledge and language expression ability are determined by the nature of the examination. Candidates should pay enough attention, review and practice according to the requirements of the Examination Instructions, and pay attention to improving their language use ability in all language practice activities.