China Yilong Chifeng Yulong

197 1 year, the symbol of Hongshan Culture, Hongshan Biyulong, was unearthed at the Hongshan Culture site in Chifeng City, which is also known as the "hometown of China Yulong".

The discovery of Hongshan Jasper Dragon not only enabled China people to find the source of the dragon, but also fully confirmed the long history of Chinese jade culture. Before and after the excavation of Hongshan Jasper Dragon, a large number of jade articles were unearthed in Hongshan Culture site. There are images of dragons, fish, turtles and cicadas in jade articles, and ornaments that integrate natural phenomena into artistic conception, such as jade articles, rings and gouyun patterns, which are both vivid and refined.

As Hongshan Jasper Dragon is recognized as "Yi Long of China" by archaeologists, the dragon-shaped pattern carefully carved with clam shells was unearthed at Yangshao Cultural Site in Shui Bo, western Puyang County, Henan Province. Fishtail dragon-shaped rock paintings were also found in Shizitan, Jixian County, Shanxi Province. Stone dragon patterns were unearthed at Chahai site in Fuxin city, Liaoning province. These three places all call the dragon pattern they found "China's Yilong". As the name implies, the so-called first, naturally there should be only one, suddenly so many "China's first dragon", so the debate is inevitable.

However, although a lot of dragon patterns have been found in archaeology all over the country, at the 4th Symposium on Chinese Jade Culture and Jade Research, experts attending the conference thought that Hongshan Jasper Dragon unearthed in Liaohe River Basin was called "the first artistic dragon in China".

Experts pointed out that Hongshan Jasper Dragon was hook-shaped, with a long mouth, a nose protruding forward, an upturned edge, a flat end face, two nostrils side by side, long hair on the neck and a curled tail tip, which looked like the word "dragon" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Liu Guoxiang, captain and associate researcher of the First Task Force of Inner Mongolia, Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that Hongshan Jasper Dragon is the dragon with the largest number of dragons found so far. 197 1 year, the "China Pterosaur" unearthed in Sanxingtala, Onniute Banner became famous. However, with the deepening of archaeological research, many people of insight questioned the cultural ownership of the three-star Tala Yulong.

Samsung Tara Yulong has been the focus of academic debate since its first day. However, Samsung Tara is such an important cultural land, but we can't find any sites in Hongshan Culture. Later, a jade emperor with a dragon head was unearthed at the Hongshan Culture site in Dongshanzui, Kazuo County, Liaoning Province. Similar to the faucet of Samsung Tara Yulong, it was recognized as Hongshan Culture. However, it is found that the style of Samsung Tara Yulong is not consistent with other Hongshan jades, and many characteristics of Hongshan jades are not reflected in Samsung Tara Yulong. Among the huge Hongshan jade family, only Huanggutun, Guangde County, Wengniute Banner has a collection of a work similar to the three-star Tara Jade Dragon.

The hidden mysteries in Yulong are as follows: First, the surreal giant eyes. Almost all the animals in Hongshan Jade Group have extraordinary round eyes, among which the eyes of Jade Pig Dragon and Jade Xiong Long are extremely exaggerated. Samsung Tara Yulong is a willow-shaped eye made in a realistic way. Second, the Yulong family is different. It is confirmed that there are three kinds of jade dragons in Hongshan Culture, the largest of which is the pig dragon, with a long snout and wrinkles on the upper part. Followed by short kisses, upturned nose, eyes tied in front of Xiong Long, the number is slightly lower than that of pig dragons; The third category is Malone unearthed in Samsung Tara, and only two pieces were found in Onniute Banner. Within the distribution range of Hongshan Culture, the unearthed pig dragon is strikingly consistent with that of Xiong Long. If Samsung Tara Yulong is regarded as the symbol and representative of Hongshan ancient country, why does it only appear in a corner of Onniute Banner, but there are no clues in other areas? Zhu Long and Xiong Long are located in the vast areas of Hongshan ancient country and Niuheliang.

Archaeological findings tell us that Pig Dragon and Xiong Long are the real representatives of Hongshan Yulong, while Samsung Tara Yulong is the altar of Hongshan Culture totem misunderstood by later generations. Third, the styles of ships are quite different. Hongshan culture jade group has a very distinctive style, which is characterized by roundness and curves, and is rarely decorated with edges and corners. The forehead and lower lip of Samsung Tara Yulong have fine grid patterns, which are unique among Hongshan jades seen before this diamond grid pattern, and obviously do not belong to the style of Hongshan jades. In addition, the elegant decoration on the back neck of Samsung Tara Yulong is considered to be horse hair, which is rare in other Hongshan Yulong families. Fourth, the land of Longxing comes down in one continuous line.

The earliest dragon cultural relic discovered by archaeology is the stone dragon sculpture unearthed in Chahe, Fuxin City, Liaoning Province. Belonging to Xinglongwa Culture, it has a history of 8,000 years, nearly 3,000 years earlier than the Hongshan culture Yulong. But the shape of dragons unearthed in Fuxin is almost the same as that of modern dragons. Obviously, it is not the real ancestral source of the C-shaped dragon in Hongshan Culture, and its ancestral source should also be sought from the cultural types in Chifeng area before Hongshan Culture.

1984, archaeologists excavated the Zhaobaogou cultural site in Aohan Banner about 7200 ~6800 years ago, just between Xinglongwa Culture and Hongshan Culture. At the same time, it is this important archaeological discovery that has found a real home for the three-star Tara Yulong. On the sacrificial altar of Zhaobaogou site, some finely carved pottery sculptures were found, one of which depicts the patterns of pig dragon, deer dragon and phoenix bird. The Three Gods have shaped the surreal realm of prehistoric dragons and phoenixes with superb artistic expression, and are known as the first artifact in China. It is the earliest dragon-shaped cultural relic in Chifeng, and it also provides an opportunity for the cultural ownership of Samsung Tara Yulong. The longan on the deity's body is in the shape of slender willow leaves, which is similar to the expression of Samsung Tara Yulong's eyes. The dragon body of this deity is decorated with grid patterns, which is similar to the grid patterns on Samsung Tara Yulong. Two kinds of dragons also have long curly manes flowing around their necks, and their bodies are also in the shape of big C-shaped curls and upturned. Therefore, through the comparison of archaeological typology, we think that Samsung Tara Yulong is the dragon-shaped jade of Zhaobaogou culture.

■ The first phoenix in China was unearthed.

After a lapse of 33 years, in May 2004, "the first phoenix in China" appeared in Chifeng, the hometown of Yulong.

It is understood that archaeologists in Inner Mongolia found a phoenix on a Neolithic pottery cup unearthed in Chifeng City. The shape of its head, crown, wings and tail is very similar to that of the traditional phoenix in China, and it is also quite similar to the "bird" in external characteristics. The phoenix shape on this pottery cup is completely close to the characteristics of the traditional phoenix in China. The cultural relics are complete and prehistoric. Phoenix is 17.6 cm long, 9.6 cm wide and 8.8 cm high. Archaeologists have come to the conclusion that the phoenix shape on this Feng Tao cup is more than 6,800 years ago and can be called "the first phoenix in China".

The first pterosaur in China and the first phoenix in China are in the same place. It's really lucky!