What is maginot line?

Magino Line After World War I, France built a fortification system in its northeast border area to prevent German invasion. Named after French Army Minister Ma Qinuo.

France's research on border engineering fortification began in 19 19. 1925 has formulated a plan to establish an independent defense zone system at the border. 1927 decided to establish three independent fortification zones on the northeast border, namely Metz, Laut and Belfo (the first two fortification zones were also called Lorraine and Alsace in some literatures), and 1928 started construction. Due to the rearmament of Germany, the French ruling and opposition parties strongly demand to strengthen the border defense between France and Germany. Ma Qinuo served as Secretary of the Army. Through his efforts, the French parliament passed a huge appropriation on 1930 to build a continuous defense line on the northeast border. As a result, the defense line was fully constructed and basically completed on 1936. The whole project cost 6 billion francs, and the earthwork volume reached 65.438+0.2 million cubic meters. In view of the fact that A. Hitler annexed Saar in 1935 and occupied the Rhineland in 1936, French Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Defense E. Daladier decided in 1937 to start from the northern end of maginot line, build Daladier defense line along the entire French-Belgian border to the North Sea, and strengthen maginot line. The project was carried out in May 1940.

Maginot line is located in Longjiyong to Belfo, with a total length of about 390 kilometers. Include Metz, Sal flood plain, Laut, Lower Rhine and Belfo. The whole line of defense consists of safety zone (depth 4 ~ 14 km) and main defense zone (depth 6 ~ 8 km). Metz and Laut are the areas with the strongest engineering construction. The flooded area of Saar is composed of natural river obstacles and swamps. After 1935, fortifications were started, and the fortifications were the weakest. The Ayane Canal on the Rhine River and the Rhone River is a natural barrier built on the lower Rhine River, and only the supporting points composed of permanent shooting fortifications are built along the Rhine River. In the most important part of the fortification area of Metz and Laut, there is a comprehensive fortification group which combines the ground and underground parts and is suitable for circular defense. The ground part is armored or reinforced concrete machine gun fortifications and artillery fortifications, and the underground part has several floors, including command post, personnel lounge, food storage room, ammunition depot, rescue station, power station, filtration and ventilation room, etc. There are passages between fortifications to connect electric vehicles. The weapons in the shooting fortifications are specially designed and installed. A total of about 5,800 permanent fortifications of various purposes have been built along the entire defense line, with a density of 0/5 per kilometer/kloc. The thickness of the top cover and wall of the strongest reinforced concrete fortification is 3.5 meters, and the armor thickness of the armored tower fort is 300 mm, which can resist the direct hit of two 420 mm mortar shells. Anti-tank obstacles in the defense line mainly include anti-tank trenches, cliffs, precipices and metal and concrete piles, which are reinforced by minefields. Anti-infantry obstacles are generally metal piles or wooden barbed wire, and some areas are also equipped with electrified barbed wire.

With the completion of maginot line, Hitler's German army had to avoid the front of the German-French border and choose another direction to attack France. 1From May to June, 940, the German main force crossed the Ardennes, detoured from the left side of maginot line, broke through the Daladier defense line near Montmedi, occupied northern France, and then reached the rear of maginot line, making the defense line useless.

Now used to refer to something that looks solid on the surface, but in fact it is worthless.