Cui Qi's Character Story

The 20-year-old was married to Wan by her family. Shortly after marriage, my father died of a long illness. Since then, Cui Qi has shouldered the burden of family life. He worked hard, but he still didn't have enough to eat. Mother remarried in despair. 1925, seeing that life was hopeless, Cui Qi reluctantly borrowed usury from Yang Dashun, the owner of the drug store in Bianhe Street, to buy ducklings for stocking. Unexpectedly, these ducklings died of plague soon, and there was another flood this year, and there was no harvest in the field. Cui Qi is not only unable to repay her debts, but also unable to live. He had to take his wife and children out to hide. Before leaving, he mortgaged an acre of lake field to Yang Dashun for farming as usury interest during his absence.

After leaving home, I worked as a short-term worker for landlords in several places, and my wife Wan took her children out to beg every day for two years, which was miserable. 1927 In June and July, Cui Qicai returned to his hometown of Cuijialing with his wife and children.

When Cui Qi returned to her hometown, the house had been washed away by the flood and she had not settled down yet. Yang Dashun, the owner of Bianhe Street drugstore, falsely accused Cui Qi of not repaying the usury and escaped from it. Township office without asking, sent Xiang Ding to catch Cui Qi. Cui Qi argued that Xiang Ding plunged into the village office. Before leaving, Xiang Ding also asked Cui Qi's family for "sandals", which meant daily expenses. Cui Qi was furious and scolded: "Joke, you can afford this kind of money without eating!" "

After Cui Qi was put into the township office, Xiang Ding punched and kicked him and refused to give him food for two days. On the third night, Cui Qi made up his mind that instead of being wronged and waiting for death, he might as well escape from prison and go to Honghu to take part in the revolution and overthrow this dark world. In the middle of the night, he climbed down the fence from the upstairs of the detained township office. He rushed to the gate against the strong wind, knocked down two guards and ran out of the township office.

Jianli County is located on the west bank of Honghu Lake. For generations, people have been farming and fishing. They were oppressed by the landlord Hu Ba, and their class contradictions were extremely acute. During the Great Revolution, the peasant masses organized peasant associations under the leadership of the * * * Production Party, which severely cracked down on feudal forces. After the failure of the Great Revolution, party member and the backbone of the agricultural movement went deep into Hu Ze to organize the masses to fight to the death with the Kuomintang reactionaries. 1In September, 927, the Special Committee of Central and South Hubei led an autumn harvest riot centered on Hanjiabu, Jianli, and then the riot teams assembled in Liubanghu, Jianli, and were reorganized into the Fifth Army of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army. Cui Qi escaped from the town hall and went straight to Liu Banghu. She became a soldier of the Second Division of the Fifth Army and embarked on the revolutionary road.

At the beginning of the establishment of the Fifth Army of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army, there were only over 100 soldiers. Cui Qi hopes that all poor brothers will not join the revolutionary ranks. He resolutely risked his life to sneak back to Cuijialing and called more than 20 poor youths to join the Fifth Army. Then I went to Mianyang county with the team. In the battle, he risked his life and executed the reactionary county magistrate Hu Bao with his comrades? Dozens of officials captured some local tyrants and evil gentry who fled to the county seat, set fire to the county government, opened the prison, rescued more than 80 people including Lou Minxiu, secretary of the county party committee, and seized more than 20 guns. After that, he sneaked into the defense team of Jianli Xingouzui regiment, served as internal security together with underground party member Stone, cooperated with the five armies to annihilate the defense team of this regiment, and surrendered more than 50 guns.

After the battles of Miancheng and Xingouzui, the Fifth Army continued to move to prisons and Miancheng and Mianxiang, attacking regimental defense forces and killing local tyrants and evil gentry. During the battle, the troops went out at night and stayed on the field trail in the lake area. Xiong Chuanzao, a teacher from the second division, is new to the lake area and is not familiar with the trails in the lake area. Cui Qi often gives him a hand, gives him a ride and works tirelessly. Because of his bravery and helpfulness, he was rated as a model soldier of the Fifth Army.

192865438+1In late October, He Long and Zhou Yiqun were ordered by the CPC Central Committee to open up the base areas in northwest Hunan and arrived at Jianli Huowan on the way. The Fifth Army rushed down to the Bay and joined forces with the armed victory led by He Long. Immediately after the meeting, we attacked several regiments and were invincible. Although Cui Qi met He Long for the first time, she had heard of his two kitchen knives uprising and directed the Nanchang uprising. When attacking He Zhu, his comrades asked him, "You are He Zhu, and many people know you. This time, you will go with He Long, knowing that your skull is red, and you are not afraid ... "Cui Qi said seriously," I hold a grudge against the landlord, and I am afraid of losing my head! " He has always admired Cui Qi's determination and courage. After attacking Zhu He, he was introduced to join the China * * * Production Party.

The victory of the revolutionary army of workers and peasants inspired local organizations and people. In late February, the revolutionary army of workers and peasants decided to attack Jianli County at the request of Jianli County Committee. However, because the enemy was well prepared to defend the enemy and the revolutionary army of workers and peasants lacked experience in siege, it lost the siege. The revolutionary army of workers and peasants then retreated to Jiaoshanhe, Shishou, to rest. He Long decided to lead some troops to the northwest of Hunan, while others returned to Honghu to persist in guerrilla struggle. After Cui Qi returned to Honghu with the Fifth Army, because the enemy and militia were frantically "clearing" and the environment was harsh, the Fifth Army dispersed its forces and returned to the original place to fight. Go back to the west bank of Honghu Lake with Jianli guerrillas led by Wang to deal with the enemy. Under the cover of reeds and wormwood, they went out to attack the enemy at night. In the struggle, they gradually explored a set of effective ways to stick to the tributaries of rivers, lakes and ports and deal with the enemy. When the enemy came, the guerrillas hid in the lake, stood in neck-deep water, raised their heads and covered their faces with lotus leaves, so as not to be noticed by the enemy and not to affect their breathing. The enemy did not dare to attack rashly, so he had to look at the lake and sigh.

1928 In May, Zhou Yiqun returned to Honghu from Xiangxi, assembled scattered guerrillas to attack Fengkou, and Cui Qi took part in the battle against Fengkou. Later, the prison armed forces were frustrated by a strong enemy attack in Mianxi Tugboat Port, and Cui Qi needed to work in Jianli County Committee.

Xiong Chuanzao was the secretary of Jianli County Party Committee at that time. Knowing that Cui Qi was a rare good comrade, he was clear-headed and courageous, so he was appointed as the traffic police of the county party Committee. Cui Qi accomplished various tasks brilliantly in the complicated and severe struggle. He traveled all over the country, communicating information, transmitting information, escorting his comrades-in-arms, resourceful and brave. 1June, 928, the defense team and regular training team of the enemy's first 18 army correction regiment conducted a large-scale "hometown cleaning" in Ji' an and Mianxian. In order to smash the enemy's "hometown cleaning", Jianli County Committee assembled guerrillas scattered around the country and set up Jianli County Guerrilla Brigade and Secret Service Brigade, with Cui Qi as the captain of the Secret Service Brigade. In July, guerrilla forces first attacked Maojiakou, an important town in Jianli, and won a great victory. Then they attacked the regiments in Chiba and Bailuo, burning down the enemy strongholds in Chiba. After the battle, he led a special team to capture three reactionary gentlemen, including Xie, president of the Chamber of Commerce. The county party committee held a mass meeting in Guo Pu Wuxing Temple and executed Bai Shou. Since then, the enemies stationed in Hezhu have become angry from embarrassment and rallied the "Qing Xiang Team" to attack the county party committee and guerrilla headquarters? Mouth. Cui Qi led the secret service team to avoid the sharp edge of the enemy and enter Hezhu River? Ambush on the cross embankment of the estuary. Where is the enemy? The mouth was burned and killed, and after robbing food and livestock, he returned to Hezhu in two ways. Among them, all the way into the ambush circle of the secret service brigade, Cui Qi gave the order, and the guerrillas who had already suppressed their troops relied on the levee to launch a fierce attack on the enemy. The enemy was caught off guard and ran for his life. The battle took only half an hour, killing more than 40 enemies, surrendering more than 30 guns, and capturing 5 war horses and more than 900 bullets. 1928, the enemy 18 army was constantly hit hard, so it ended the "hometown clearance" and moved to other places.

In the half-year-long struggle against "cleaning up the countryside", the party organizations and district and township governments in Jianli County have been increasingly consolidated because of their constant attacks on the enemy with the guerrillas led by Jiang.

Xiong Chuanzao, secretary of Jianli County Party Committee, was unfortunately arrested in 1928 against "Qing Xiang Township" and died heroically at Chibakou, Jianli. After Xiong Chuanzao was arrested, Jianli County Committee held an enlarged meeting of the county Committee in the Eighth Five-Year Pier to elect a new county party secretary. At the meeting, there were two different opinions on overcoming blind radicalism and developing the base areas steadily. The deadlock affected the emergence of the new county party secretary. After hearing the news, Zhou Yiqun, secretary of the Western Hubei Special Committee, sent Zhou Xiaokang, a member and inspector of the Western Hubei Special Committee, to help Jianli County Party Committee resolve disputes and elect a new county party secretary. 1929 1, Zhou Xiaokang presided over the enlarged meeting of Jianli County Committee. Cui Qi made an incisive analysis of the situation at the meeting, pointing out that Jianli County Party Committee and guerrillas failed to correctly correct some extreme attitudes, and their passion for killing and setting fire was very strong, which was not conducive to winning over the masses and attacking the enemy, and affected the establishment of political power and the demands of the masses for the agrarian revolution. Zhou Xiaokang agrees with Cui Qi. Zhou Xiaokang and Cui Qi solved the problem of ideological understanding within the county party committee. After deliberation, they unanimously elected Cui Qi as secretary of Jianli county party committee.

After Cui Qi took office, he held the first enlarged meeting of the Western Hubei Special Committee, focusing on the implementation of the spirit of the Sixth Party Congress. He resolutely implemented the spirit of this meeting and set out to overcome blind mistakes that are common within the party and among the masses. Jianli, after the failure of the Great Peasant Revolution in Tanggang, automatically organized armed forces under the severe white terror and fought several bloody battles with Chiba. Once, after cooperating with the guerrilla brigade of Jianli County to attack Chiba Pass, they set fire to houses, and a dozen houses were reduced to ashes. Chihachi people complained bitterly, so they began to oppose the peasant armed forces in Tanggang. Chibakou Yong Ying took the opportunity to confuse people, slandering Tanggang farmers for armed murder and arson, which affected the village, and corrected a group of local ruffians and villains who went to Tanggang to "suppress" many times, killing everyone they saw, burning every room they saw, and the people were miserable. The peasants in Tanggang are so armed that everyone is gnashing their teeth and rubbing their hands. They are determined to attack the city and plunder the land and burn and kill everywhere. Cui Qi dissuaded them in time, pointing out the harm of narrow sense of revenge and inappropriate way of struggle to the revolution; Instruct them to resolutely obey the party's leadership, mobilize and organize the masses in a planned and step-by-step manner, create base areas, and fight from a long-term perspective. Encouraged by Cui Qi's patience, the peasant armed forces in Tanggang improved their understanding of the revolution, and many people later became the backbone of Honghu Soviet Area. Thanks to the efforts of Cui Qi and others, local party organizations and revolutionary armed forces gradually overcame their blind feelings, consolidated and established political power at all levels and continuously expanded their base areas in accordance with the principle of gradually pushing and destroying the enemy.

Cui Qi, according to the instructions of the Western Hubei Special Committee, incorporated part of Jianli Guerrilla Brigade into the Western Hubei Guerrilla Brigade, led Jianli Guerrilla Brigade to fight continuously in Jianli, wiped out Li Shengcan's regiment defense and conquered Maojiakou and other places. In June, the county party Committee arranged some cadres in party member? Party member training courses and short-term training courses for cadres organized by the Western Hubei Special Committee were held to improve the ideological and cultural level of cadres in party member.

In August, the 50th enemy division Tan Daoyuan came to Jianli "Qing Xiang". In order to crush the enemy's "Qing Xiang", in September, Cui Qi presided over a party congress in Yuanyang, Guo Pu, and decided to: (1) actively prepare to organize the agricultural army, that is, the most extensive armed masses; (2) Organizing the Red Terrorist Brigade to harass the enemy and annihilate the defectors; (three) timely cover the evacuation of the masses, to protect the safety of the masses. Cui Qi stressed that party member should actively struggle and not be afraid of bloodshed and sacrifice, and pointed out that propaganda work should inspire the masses and deter the enemy.

After the meeting, Cui Qi led Dong Dasan, a member of the county party committee, to the third district of Fenyan, and together with Huang Youkai, secretary of the district party committee, resumed the district party committees of the third and fourth districts that basically stopped their activities in Qing Xiang. After hard work, the third and fourth districts quickly assembled, organized armed forces and began a bloody battle with the enemy.

At this time, the enemy advanced and attacked in eight ways? In the first district of Kou, dozens of houses were burned down. Some weak-willed elements took the opportunity to rebel and take refuge in the enemy. Cui Qi heard the news and turned back? Near the mouth, strengthen the red terror team, execute the rebel leader, expose the enemy's plot to trick the people into mutiny, and educate the coerced rebels to abandon darkness and turn to light. Some anti-water people repented one after another and actively cooperated with guerrillas in their struggle against "cleaning up the countryside". When the guerrillas in western Hubei attacked the enemy's "Qing Xiang" team at the get-off bay, two or three thousand people took part in the war automatically and defeated the enemy.

165438+ 10, with the first and third brigades of the guerrilla corps in western Hubei led by Duan Dechang conquering Sanguandian and other places, Jianli County won the final victory in the struggle against "clearing the countryside". In the struggle against "cleaning up the countryside", thanks to the hard work led by Cui Qi, the base areas and party organizations have made new progress. Jianli County is connected with several towns except Cheng Jian and Chiba, which were occupied by the enemy. Party member has grown to about 700 people, which is one of the counties with the largest population in party member.

At the same time, Cui Qi, in accordance with the instructions of the special committee of western Hubei, and Zhou Xiaokang, a member of the special committee of western Hubei, conducted a pilot project of agrarian revolution in Fentanzuzui.

At the beginning of 1930, Cui Qi returned to Cuijialing, his hometown, and combined with the pilot experience of the land revolution in Dikou, he investigated and studied the rural land problem. Cui Qi was deeply touched by these oppressed and exploited old people who enthusiastically supported the revolution. He said: "In the past, we were trampled at the feet of landlords and exploited. Now only by dividing the land with the * * * production party can we turn over and liberate ourselves. " Combining with reality, he analyzed the unreasonable feudal land possession system and expounded how the feudal exploitation system exploited farmers and hindered social development. Everyone suddenly realized that they strongly demanded land distribution and thoroughly eradicated the feudal forces in rural areas.

In March, Cui Qi published the Outline of Agrarian Revolution Propaganda in the name of Jianli County Committee according to the investigation materials and the spirit of the instructions of the Special Committee of Agrarian Revolution in western Hubei. The Outline analyzes the irrationality of the old land relationship, expounds the purpose and significance of the agrarian revolution, and stipulates the implementation methods and propaganda slogans of the land reform. Since then, the county has carried out the agrarian revolution. At the beginning of this work, local organizations still have different opinions on how to allocate and deal with land. Cui Qi led everyone to resolutely implement the policy of the Special Committee for Agrarian Revolution in Western Hubei, and made a decision: confiscate all the land and property of landlords and landlords counter-revolutionaries, confiscate the land rented by rich peasants, confiscate public land and distribute it to farmers who have no land or little land; All usurious debts are invalid. Because the correct agrarian revolutionary policy was implemented, the peasants wholeheartedly supported it. By the end of 1930, most villages in the county had completed the agrarian revolution.

Hard work and bad war environment made Cui Qi unfortunately suffer from tuberculosis and often hemoptysis. Comrades advised him to have a rest. Cui Qi disagreed, declined the kindness of his comrades and still worked hard.

1930 In May, Cui Qi fell ill? Kou presided over the first congress of workers, peasants and soldiers in Jianli County, established the Soviet government in Jianli County, passed nine resolutions including On Soviet Power, and elected Ma Wu as the chairman of the government.

Subsequently, Cui Qi went to various places to further improve local party organizations and various organizations. Organize all districts and towns to raise boats to support the Gong Liu army.

1in July, 930, Gongsi Army led by He Long and Zhou Yiqun and GongLiu Jun joined forces with the police respectively to form Gonger Army. After the two armies joined forces, they decided to lead the division eastward and uproot the enemy strongholds in Honghu Soviet area.

Cui Qi and Jianli County Committee are busy day and night welcoming the Red Army's eastward advance. In mid-July, in accordance with He Long's instruction of "building the west bank of Honghu Lake into the trench rear of the Red Second Army Corps", in? Deng Miao and other places set up and placed the rear hospitals and arsenals in western Hunan and Hubei. Then, Cui Qi went to Zhoulaozui, Xingou, Fenyan and other places to organize the agricultural army and the Red Guard to prepare for the battle with the Red Army. On September 22nd, 1930, with the cooperation of more than 654.38 million local armed forces, the Red Army Corps captured the prison city in one fell swoop. After the prison city was occupied, Cui Qi led the party and government organs in Jianli County to enter the prison city. On the evening of September 23rd, 1930, Jianli people held a lantern parade, singing and dancing to celebrate the victory. Then, they organized trade unions in the prison city, set up straw hat and reed mat factories, and arranged for unemployed workers; At the same time, organize farmers' armed forces to eliminate the enemy. At this time, Jianli became a Soviet area except for a few enemies in Chiba town.

After the Red Army Corps recovered the prison city, it held a joint meeting of the special committee of western Hubei and the front committee of the Red Army Corps, the first emergency meeting of the special committee of western Hunan and Hubei, and the second congress of workers, peasants and soldiers in western Hunan and Hubei. The second congress of workers, peasants and soldiers changed the original county government of five counties in western Hubei to the Soviet county government in western Hunan and Hubei, and unanimously elected Cui Qi as the chairman of the Soviet county government in western Hunan and Hubei.

At this time, the Soviet county government in western Hunan and Hubei had a large number of base areas such as Honghu, Hunan and Hubei, Baxinggui, Xiangzaoyi and northwestern Hubei, which was the heyday since the establishment of the revolutionary base areas in western Hunan and Hubei.

While concentrating all his energy on developing, consolidating and expanding the base areas, Li's "Left" opportunism dominated the CPC Central Committee and instructed the Red Army in western Hunan and Hubei to leave the Soviet area and attack big cities. On June+10, 5438, the main force of the Red Army crossed the river from Jianli to the south and carried out the plan of attacking big cities. 165438+ 10, Chiang Kai-shek took advantage of the internal emptiness of Honghu Soviet Area to assemble the forces of five divisions and seven brigades, as well as reactionary forces such as regiment defense and regular training teams, and launched the first "encirclement and suppression" against Honghu Soviet Area.

In order to defend the Soviet area and win the victory against "encirclement and suppression", Cui Qi and Zhou Yiqun first concentrated all their guns and established the headquarters of the Red Guards of the Soviet government in western Hunan and Hubei, which was the main force against "encirclement and suppression". Secondly, 18 to 30-year-old young adults, men and strong women over 30 years old were organized into the Red Teaching Army and the Red Guard respectively to cooperate with the Red Guards; Thirdly, improve the Young Pioneers' Young Pioneers and Women's Federation organizations, stand guard, sew clothes and cook, and do a good job in logistics support.

From the first ten days of 1 1, the battalions of Jiangzuo and Jiangyou Army attacked the enemy everywhere. By June 193 1, 1, the enemy's first "encirclement and suppression" campaign had been successfully smashed. Then the enemy launched a second "encirclement and suppression" campaign in March, attacking Shishou, Huarong and other Soviet areas in the south of the Yangtze River on a large scale. In mid-April, more than 30,000 people retreated from Jiangnan to the north of the Yangtze River and arrived in Chiba, Tao Jia and other places. Cui Qi organized a condolence group in time to express condolences on behalf of the Soviet government in western Hunan and Hubei, properly arranged their lives, and absorbed some young people to join the army. By June, under the leadership of Zhou Yiqun and Cui Qi, the soldiers and civilians in Honghu Soviet Area finally smashed the enemy's second "encirclement and suppression".

After winning two counter-campaigns against "encirclement and suppression", while the people were waiting to rest and tidy up their homes, the heartless Kuomintang reactionaries took advantage of the rising water of the Yangtze River to dig levees to flood the Soviet area. Suddenly, Jiang (Ling), Jian (Li), Qian (Jiang), Mian (Yang) and other counties in the Soviet area became Zeguo, and white waves surged. Cui Qi led the Soviet government agencies in western Hunan and Hubei to move from Qujiawan to Zhoulaozui to guide the people to overcome difficulties and floods. Organize water guerrillas, plunder enemy materials, and smash the economic blockade of the Kuomintang. After half a year's unremitting efforts, the people in the Soviet area finally defeated the flood disaster and shattered the plot of the Kuomintang to flood the Soviet area.

193 1 In March, Xia, the central representative of Wang Ming's "Left" line, arrived in Honghu Soviet Area and began to fully implement Wang Ming's "Left" opportunistic line. Although she was elected as the temporary provincial party secretary of western Hunan and Hubei hosted by Xia in June, she was elected as the chairman of the Soviet government of western Hunan and Hubei at the third congress of workers, peasants and soldiers held in February, 65438. However, he was very disgusted with Xia's "Left" opportunist line. He said to his comrades, "I am a cadre of workers and peasants, and I know little about Marxism-Leninism, but I am not interested in Marxism-Leninism in the summer." So more than ten days after he became the temporary provincial party secretary, he claimed that he was ill and applied for treatment in Shanghai. Xia also agreed to his request because he disagreed with him. On the way to Shanghai, Cui Qi was full of courage and was deeply ashamed that he could not fight against the "Left" mistakes. She left the Soviet area at the severe moment of the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" and flood disaster, so she returned to the Soviet area while sailing in Dunkou, Hanyang. Since then, he devoted himself to some specific work, guiding the victims to save themselves by production, organizing water guerrillas and organizing big parties to welcome the Red Army's return from the South. Because of his excellent work, to some extent, the damage of Wang Ming's "Left" mistakes to all the work in the base area was reduced. 193 1 year 1 1 month, the first national congress of workers, peasants and soldiers was held in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, and the provisional central government of the Chinese Soviet was announced. Cui Qi was elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee.

1June, 932, Chiang Kai-shek assembled more than 65,438+10,000 troops and launched the fourth "encirclement and suppression" against the Soviet area in western Hunan and Hubei.

Because Xia implemented the principle of pure defense and persisting in fighting to guide the Red Army to fight, the army and civilians in the base areas failed to crush the enemy's "encirclement and suppression", and all the revolutionary base areas created by the party and the people in western Hunan and western Hubei were lost.

On September 1932 and 10, Cui Qi led more than 2,000 people from the party, government and logistics organs in western Hunan and Hubei and Jianli County, and under the cover of Jianli Guard Corps, he was ready to break through to the Millennium Lake area. When they reached the Bianhe River, they were stopped by the enemy's 48th Division. As a result, Cui Qi's men lost contact with the First and Second Guards. Cui Qi and his men broke through to Wang Qiao in Jiangxi and then turned to Huangxuekou. As he found that the enemy had the potential to camp and could not stand on his feet, Cui Qi led a breakout team to cross the river from Gongdi via Yangpotan, to Taohuashan and Maishanpu in Hunan, and then to Mopanzhou. After Cui Qi met with the District Committee of the SAR there, he immediately held a meeting in Mopanzhou and decided to "strengthen the organization, concentrate the ships, stand on Dongting and persist in the struggle". Cui Qi incorporated all the armed forces she brought into Dongting guerrillas. At that time, there were more than 600 long and short guns in the SAR, determined to fight the enemy to the end. Just after the meeting, the 19th enemy division consolidated the regiments of Huarong, Yueyang, Xiangyin and Nanxian to defend Huarong. The enemy besieged Mopan Island with four motorboats and 100 sailboats. The enemy first bombarded with artillery, and then approached the guerrillas under the cover of artillery and machine guns. Cui Qi led some soldiers to meet the enemy in three ways. From dawn to night, they fought fiercely all day, repelling the enemy's repeated charges and running out of ammunition. Finally launched a hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. In the melee, Cui Qi was unfortunately shot and fell. The enemy surrounded, tied up Cui Qi, who was unconscious, and took him to Huarong County. Soon, 33-year-old Cui Qi was killed by the enemy.