Looking at the Dongting mountains and rivers from a distance, where does the green snail on the silver plate refer to~~ Urgent! !

This is used to describe Junshan in Dongting Lake.

This landscape poem describes Dongting Lake in such a vast and clear way, fully demonstrating the poet's whimsy and splendor.

Liu Yuxi said in the preface to "Seventy Rhymes of Liyang Calligraphy": "In August of the fourth year of Changqing, I transferred from Kuizhou to Liyang (Hezhou), floated on the Minjiang River, and watched Dongting. Xiakou, crossing Xunyang and heading east. "Liu Yuxi was demoted to Nanhuang and visited Dongting about six times in the past twenty years. According to records, he visited Dongting. Among them, only this time he was transferred to Hezhou, which was in the autumn. This poem is a vivid record of this trip.

Fan Zhongyan, a writer in the Song Dynasty, said with emotion in "The Story of Yueyang Tower": "I saw Baling's great appearance in a lake in Dongting. It carries distant mountains and swallows the Yangtze River, and the vast water flows across the river. There is no limit to the sky; the sun shines and the evening falls, and the scenery is endless. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. "It can be seen that there are many poems describing the scenery of Dongting, and it is very difficult to write it in a unique way. Liu Yuxi's song "Looking at the Dongting" chose the perspective of looking at the moonlit night, taking in a panoramic view of the thousands of miles of Dongting, capturing the most representative lake and mountain scenery, gently writing, and using rich imagination and clever metaphors to uniquely depict the Dongting. The beautiful scenery of Dongting is reproduced on paper, showing amazing artistic skills.

On an autumn night, the water of Dongting Lake is clear and clear under the bright moon. Complementing the clear light of the plain moon, it is like a jade mirror in Qiongtian, creating an ethereal, ethereal, tranquil and harmonious realm. This is the poetic meaning contained in the sentence "the lake, the autumn moon and the two phases are harmonious". The word "harmony" is carefully used to express the harmonious painting scene of water and sky, and jade and Yuyu without dust. Moreover, it seems to convey to readers the rhythm of a water country night - the rhythm of the rippled moonlight and the lake water. Next, there is no wind on the lake, and the misty lake surface is like an unpolished bronze mirror. The three words "mirror is not polished" very vividly and aptly express the peaceful and gentle scene of thousands of miles of calm Dongting, which has a unique hazy beauty under the moonlight. "There is no windshield on the surface of the pool and the mirror has not been polished" complements the poetic meaning of "the lake and the autumn moon are harmonious" with a vivid metaphor. Because only when there is "no wind on the surface of the pool" and the waves are calm, can the light of the lake and the autumn moon be harmonious. Otherwise, the wind will roar on the lake surface, the turbid waves will empty, the lake light and the autumn moon will not be able to shine, and there will be no "harmony of the two phases" to speak of.

The poet's sight focused from the vast Pinghu to Junshan. Under the bright moonlight, the Dongting Mountain becomes more verdant, the Dongting water becomes clearer, and the mountains and rivers are integrated into one. It looks like a small and exquisite green snail placed in a carved silver plate, which is very endearing. . The three or four lines of the poem are rich in imagination, appropriate metaphors, and elegant in color. The silver plate and the green snail set off each other and complement each other. The Dongting landscape in the autumn moon described by the poet has become an exquisite art and craft treasure, giving people great artistic enjoyment. "A green snail on a silver plate" is such an incredible phrase. However, its excellence is not only reflected in the elegance of the design, but also in the magnificent and extraordinary magnanimity it expresses and the noble and noble sentiments it entrusts. In the eyes of the poet, the Dongting of thousands of miles away is nothing more than a mirror in the dressing room and cups and plates on the table. It is very rare to lift a heavy weight and feel it is light, to sit together naturally and without any pretentiousness. To express the relationship between man and nature in such a cordial manner and to describe the scenery of lakes and mountains in such a vast and pure way is a reflection of the author's character, sentiment and aesthetic taste. It is difficult to write without the courage to think deeply and absorb the essence of mustard seeds, and without the embrace of a thousand-year-old clothes and nirvana. It is rare for a landscape poem to reveal the poet's romantic whimsy.

This is a landscape poem written by the poet looking at Dongting Lake in the distance. It is as clear as words and has a meaningful meaning. The first sentence starts with the blending of water, light and moonlight, showing the openness of the lake. This should be the scene at sunset. It is not dark yet but the moon has come out. If it is dark, you cannot see the colors of the two. Fusion. The second sentence uses the metaphor of a mirror to express the calmness of the lake at night. Because the sun has set, the lake does not reflect light, just like the dull luster of a mirror when it is not polished. The third sentence writes about looking at the green color of Junshan in the lake. The "landscape" here actually just refers to the mountains, that is, Junshan in the lake. The use of "山水" belongs to the usage of "partial meaning compound words" in ancient Chinese. The fourth sentence uses another metaphor, comparing Junshan floating in the water to a green snail placed on a silver plate. The whole poem is purely about scenery, with both detailed description and vivid metaphor, making it very interesting to read.

Today’s translation:

The water color of Dongting Lake and the autumn moonlight blend together, reflecting each other, and they look so harmonious. The windless lake surface is as calm as an unpolished bronze mirror. Seen from a distance, the green Junshan Mountain in Dongting Lake under the moon looks like a green snail in a silver plate.

About the author:

Liu Yuxi (772-842) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. Zimengde. A native of Luoyang (now part of Henan), his ancestral home is Zhongshan (now Dingxian, Hebei). In his later years, he served as a guest of the prince, and was known as "Guest Liu" in the world. He and Liu Zongyuan participated in the short-lived political reform during the Yongzhen period of the Tang Dynasty. As a result, they were both demoted to distant counties. They survived tenaciously and returned to Luoyang in their later years, still with the heroic spirit of "the grass on the edge of the horse is shaking with fists".

His poems are concise and subtle, and he can often express his deep understanding of life or history in fresh language. Therefore, he was highly praised by Bai Juyi and was hailed as a "poetry hero". When he was exiled to Hunan and Sichuan, he came into contact with the lives of ethnic minorities and was influenced by local folk songs. He wrote the words "Bamboo Branches" and "Lang Tao Sha", leaving behind "Silver and gold hairpins to carry water" for future generations. , the folklore picture of "burning She with a long knife and a short hat". As for "The sun rises in the east and rains in the west, whether it is sunny or sunny", it is an authentic folk song. When he wrote "Spring Ci" with Bai Juyi, he once noted that "the lyrics are based on the beats of "Recalling Jiangnan"", which is the earliest record of writing lyrics based on music in the history of Chinese literature.

Introduction to Dongting Lake:

Dongting Lake Scenic Area is located in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, including Yueyang Tower Ancient City, Junshan, Nanhu, Bajiao Lake, Miluo River, Tieshan Reservoir, and Fushou Mountain , Huanggai Lake and other 9 scenic spots, with a total area of ??more than 1,300 square kilometers.

Dongting Lake "connects with distant mountains and swallows up the Yangtze River. It is vast and boundless. It has clear sand and white sand, fragrant grasses, morning light and evening overcast, and a myriad of atmospheres." Since ancient times, Dongting Lake has attracted people with its scenery of lakes and mountains, and famous scholars of all ages have been fascinated by it. Li Bai's poem of the Tang Dynasty goes: "Sweeping the clear lake opens a jade mirror, and the painting shows Junshan." The poet Liu Yuxi also chanted: "The lake and the moon are harmonious, and there is no windshield on the pool. Looking at the color of the Dongting mountains and waters in the distance, there is a green snail in the silver plate." Dongting Lake is the cradle of Chu culture and has left many places of interest in its history.

The Yueyang Tower, which stands at the head of Ximen City in Yueyang City, is an exquisite and majestic building. It is one of the three famous towers in the south of the Yangtze River in my country. reputation. The fame of Yueyang Tower is largely due to the immortal prose "The Story of Yueyang Tower" written by Fan Zhongyan (989-1052), a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. The location of Yueyang Tower is excellent. It stands on the ancient city of Yueyang, with Yueyang City as its back, overlooking Dongting Lake, Junshan Island in the distance, the Yangtze River to the north, and the Xiangjiang River to the south. From the top of the tower, you can see a vast expanse of blue, dotted with white sails, cloud shadows and ripples, and a myriad of atmospheres.

Dongting Lake was called "Yunmengze" in ancient times and is the second largest freshwater lake in my country. Spanning the two provinces of Hunan and Hubei, it connects the Yangtze River to the north and the Xiang, Zi, Yuan and Feng rivers to the south. It is known as the "Eight Hundred Mile Dongting Lake". Dongting Lake means fairy cave, which shows its beautiful and charming scenery. Dongting Lake is vast and winding, with abrupt mountains. Its biggest feature is that there is a lake outside the lake and mountains in the lake, with fishing sails dotted, reed leaves green, the water and sky the same color, and gulls and herons flying. The scenery is different in the four seasons of spring and autumn, and it changes in thousands of ways in one day. Among the "Eight Scenes of Xiaoxiang" described by the ancients, the "Autumn Moon in Dongting", "Returning to the Sail at Yuanpu", "Goose Falling on the Flat Sand", "Sunset in the Fishing Village", "Dusk Snow in the River and Sky", etc., are all portrayals of the current East Dongting Lake.

Literati and poets of all ages have enthusiastically praised the beautiful Dongting Lake. "The Story of Yueyang Tower" by Fan Zhongyan, a famous politician, military strategist and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, vividly and vividly describes the ever-changing scenery of Dongting Lake from the perspective of Yueyang Tower (from a high position) and is very popular. Dongting Lake is majestic and majestic, and the moonlight of Dongting Lake is soft and magnificent. Even in the gloomy weather, it gives people a unique and mysterious feeling and arouses people's interest in traveling. The vast expanse of blue waves of Dongting Lake is worthy of being called "the best water in the world". Boating on the lake is refreshing and endless fun.

The scenery of Binhu is extremely beautiful, and many scenic spots are national-level scenic spots, such as: Yueyang Tower, Junshan, Du Fu's Tomb, Yangmo Village, Tiejing Building, Quzi Temple, Yuelong Pagoda, Confucian Temple, Longzhou Academy and other places of interest. In Chenglingji, the junction between West Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River, there is a place called Sanjiangkou. Looking out over Dongting from here, you can see the Xiangjiang River rushing north, the Yangtze River rolling eastward, water birds soaring, hundreds of boats vying for the current, the water and sky the same color, the scenery is very majestic.

Folk legends such as Liu Hai playing with the golden toad, Dongfang Shuo stealing fairy wine, and Emperor Shun's second concubine searching for her husband thousands of miles away originated from here... The most famous one in the lake is Junshan Mountain, which has beautiful scenery. It is an isolated island on Dongting Lake. There are 72 peaks on the island. There are ferries that travel here every day for about an hour. It takes one day to visit the mountains, go in the morning and return in the afternoon. Not only did we go to Junshan, but we also had the opportunity to swim around Dongting Lake. It was really the best of both worlds. Junshan's original name is Dongting Mountain, which means immortal cave. It is said that 4,000 years ago, Emperor Shun visited the south, and his two concubines, Ehuang and Nvying, couldn't catch up with them. They climbed a bamboo and cried bitterly. Their tears dropped on the bamboo and turned into mottled bamboo. Later, the two concubines died on the mountain, and later generations built the tomb of the two concubines. The two were also called Xiang Fei and Xiang Jun. In order to commemorate Xiang Jun, Dongting Mountain was changed to Jun Mountain. There are existing monuments such as the Tomb of Erfei, Xiangfei Temple, Liuyi Well, Feilai Bell, etc. Junshan's bamboos are very famous, including spotted bamboo, Luohan bamboo, square bamboo, solid bamboo, purple bamboo, moso bamboo, etc. Grand dragon boat festivals, lotus festivals and water sports are held here every year.

Junshan is composed of seventy-two peaks, with beautiful peaks and peaks. "The smoke is still and the scenery is dark, and the blue color is not as deep as the green color. It is suspected to be the place where Narcissus washes himself, with a snail in the center of the indigo mirror." This spiritual scene I don’t know how many literati have been intoxicated by it. The magical and wonderful legend makes people even more imaginative.

If you abandon your boat and go hiking, you can first pay a visit to "the tomb of Emperor Shun's two concubines." The stone couplets on both sides of the tomb are: "The souls of the two concubines will be fragrant through the ages, and the mangosteens will shed tears for one person." This "tears for one person" Excerpt from the canon: Yu Shun died in Cangwu during his southern tour. His two beloved concubines, Ehuang and his daughter, came to Dongfu Mountain to find their husband. Suddenly they heard the bad news and were extremely sad. They climbed up the bamboo and cried bitterly. The tears and blood dripped on the bamboo, and it turned into mottled bamboo. . The second concubine died of grief and was buried in Junshan.

From the tomb of the second concubine, you can’t walk far over a ridge. We arrived at "Liu Yi Well". The story of "The Biography of Liu Yi" written by Li Chaowei in the Tang Dynasty happened here. There is Yang Mo Village in Xishan, which is said to be the site of Yang Mo’s barracks, leader of the Dongting Lake Peasant Uprising Army in the early Southern Song Dynasty. From then on, he went to Jiuxiang Mountain. Legend has it that there is fine wine on the mountain, and drinking it can turn you into an immortal. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who wanted to live forever, heard about it and sent the scribe Luan Ba ??to Junshan to ask for wine. After asking for the wine, he was drunk by Dongfang Shuoyu, which later caused a joke.

Junshan has a unique terrain and is the largest island in Dongting Lake. There are 36 pavilions, 48 ??temples on the island, the mountain seal of Emperor Qin Shihuang, and the "Shejiao Platform" of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty and other precious cultural relics. Junshan Silver Needle Tea is famous both at home and abroad, and has been listed as a tribute since the Tang Dynasty. There are Quzi Temple, Du Fu's Tomb, etc. on the banks of the Miluo River. In addition, the scenic area also has places of interest such as Cishi Pagoda, Jindai Confucian Temple, Lu Lu Tomb, Huanggai Lake, and the Ancient Battlefield of the Three Kingdoms.

Dongting Lake is a famous land of fish and rice, with extremely rich products. Specialties in the lake include precious river freshness such as river mussels, eels, Dongting crabs, and fortune fish, as well as Junshan famous tea, Luohan bamboo, square bamboo, solid bamboo, purple bamboo, spotted bamboo, moso bamboo and other bamboo products, and there are many types.

Changed "Looking at Dongting" as a composition

In late autumn, Liu Yuxi came to Hunan Province. He had heard about the name of Dongting Lake for a long time, so he came to the beautiful Dongting Lake with great interest.

It was a moonlit night, and Liu Yuxi came to Dongting Lake. In the sky, a bright moon hangs high, spreading its bright moonlight quietly to the earth. The vast Dongting Lake surface, shrouded in the moonlight, is like a layer of white gauze, the clear lake surface The bright moonlight is reflected gently, making it difficult for people to distinguish which is the moonlight and which is the lake. It is a peaceful and harmonious scene. It can be imagined that at this time, the boundless eight-hundred-mile Dongting is intoxicated by the caress of the moonlight. While gently communicating with the surrounding mountains, it seems to be whispering to the moon. There is no wind in the sky, the water is calm without a trace of ripples, the moon is hazy, and the surrounding mountains and green trees are vaguely reflected on the lake, making the calm lake surface even more hazy in addition to the whiteness, and the entire Dongting The surface of the lake is like an unpolished bronze mirror. Looking from a distance, under the bright moonlight, the Dongting Lake and mountains appear more green, and the Dongting Lake becomes clearer. The bright moon, clear water, and green mountains make people feel like they have stepped into a wonderful picture.

There are evergreen trees all over the mountains and plains, including pine trees, cypress trees, camphor trees, as well as agave and gladiolus. In the cool autumn wind, the leaves are whirling and the tree shadows are graceful, as if they are singing. It seems to be dancing. Facing such beautiful scenery, Liu Yuxi couldn't help but mutter to himself: "It's already late autumn, and the Dongting Lake landscape is still green. It's not like Mount Tai, where the leaves are yellow and green, and it's not like Xiangshan, where the red leaves are like fire, especially Junshan in the lake is even more flawless and verdant.

"Liu Yuxi, who was intoxicated in the center of the beautiful scenery, felt that he was as light as a goose and floating in the air. He suddenly thought that if he could fly up to the clouds and have a bird's-eye view of the Dongting mountains and rivers, the eight hundred miles of moonlit lake would really look like a lake. A perfect mirror is like a piece of flawless jade, no, it should be said to be more like a crystal clear silver plate! And isn't the Junshan standing like jade in the lake just a small and exquisite green snail in the silver plate? p>

Liu Yuxi couldn't help but be intoxicated. He forgot the pain of being demoted and the bitterness of running around. He only felt relaxed and happy, like drinking fine wine. He couldn't help but get inspired by poetry and chanted: "The lake and the autumn moon are harmonious. There are no goggles on the surface of the pool. Looking at the green mountains and rivers of Dongting in the distance, there is a green snail in the silver plate. ”