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Jie Jin

Historical figures, Ming dynasty, prime minister, Yongle ceremony, courtiers and semi-Jiangxi Hanlin Duojishui.

Jie Jin (A.D. 1369- 14 15) was the first cabinet official in the Ming Dynasty. Hongwu was born on the seventh day of November (A.D. 1369 65438+ February 6th) in Jianhu, Jishui (now Wenfeng Town, Jishui County) into a scholarly family. Hongwu Jinshi, official to Hanlin bachelor. Grandfather Xie Ziyuan, a scholar in the fifth year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1345), was appointed as the imperial court of Fuzhou, moved to the school of Taishiyuan, and died in the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Father untied, Second Chief Wei Du, five pillars of islam. He gave the official political knowledge without worship at his father's funeral, and was given an official position in the early Ming Dynasty, but he was not subject to this. He devoted himself to writing, running schools and cultivating talents. Mother Gao Miaoying is not only virtuous and wise, but also knowledgeable in history, small letters and melody. Jie Jin grew up in such a family and received a good education from an early age. Legend has it that he was extremely clever since he was a child, and he passed on the words drawn by his mother in fading. When I was 5 years old, my father had to recite books. Seven years old can belong to the text, and there are old idioms in the poem; 10 years old, there are thousands of words pouring in every day, never forgetting; 12 years old, read four books and five classics as far as I can. In the twentieth year of Hongwu (A.D. 1387), he took the provincial examination in Jiangxi, ranking first (Xie Yuan); In the second year, he will try for the seventh time, and will join his brother Aaron and his brother-in-law. Elect Jishi Shu as the secretary of the middle school. In the Ming Dynasty, he became an ancestor, entered the Wen Yuan Pavilion, entered the Hanlin Bachelor's degree, participated in maintenance, and later served as a university student in Youchunfang. At that time, he made imperial edicts, all by himself.

Jie Jin has the ability to manage the country and safeguard national security. When I first became an official, I was greatly favored by Zhu Yuanzhang and often served around. One day, Taizu said to Iraq in the Great East and West Room, "If you are righteous with your son, you are a monarch and a minister. If you are kind to your father and son, you will know everything." I wrote a thousand words in the morning and made a statement. He suggested that government decrees should be stable, penalties should be simplified, classics and history should be sorted out, rituals and music should be formulated, sages should be commended, sages should be worshipped, prostitutes should be forbidden to be superior, temples should be castrated easily, taxes should be reduced, scriptures should be burned, ghosts and witches should be eliminated, redundant staff should be laid off and Su Min should be saved. He also pointed out that the imperial court chose talents and appointed the most virtuous; We should reform the current disadvantages, encourage farming, and implement the method of equal land distribution, so as to avoid exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes and enable the people to recuperate; It is necessary to worship the martial arts and respect the literary talents; Punishment does not implicate the wife, and Chu does not add officials. In his speech, Mao repeatedly praised Jie Jin's genius in defending national security and helping the world. Soon, Jin put forward ten strategies for peace and stated his political views again.

Jie Jin's life story

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Jie Jin was a child prodigy. He was born versatile and brilliant. In the history of the Ming Dynasty, he was a man who made great achievements in poetry and calligraphy. It is elegant and quaint, with a poet who looks forward to sheep, a good book in fine print and a good line of grass. Crazy grass is famous for a while, but it can't be shaken. But such a young man who became famous all over the country is brilliant and unruly, which is beyond the reach of those who became famous the day after tomorrow. But one thing is not good, such a character, without self-study, is easy to be beautiful in the forest, and the wind will destroy it, so his end is very miserable. Although he presided over the compilation of Yongle Grand Ceremony, he was finally buried alive in the snow by Royal Guards at the age of 47.

Although he was only 47 years old, Jie Jin experienced three dynasties: Ming Taizu, Wen Jian and Chengzu. When Zhu Yuanzhang was in office, he was highly valued for his outstanding talent. Later, because he dared to speak, he was dismissed. When Zhu Yunwen was in office, he was reactivated. When Judy arrived, the situation was worse. Just because the emperor was not at home when he went to Beijing to play, he saw the prince and thought it had nothing to do with himself. The boy, a "rude" crime, was sentenced to prison, tortured, served his service, and then buried alive in the snow.

It is true that the arm can't twist the thigh, but this "little arm" has to compete with the "thigh", and that is his ignorance. Don't offend the offended villain. The villain only recognizes himself, not seriously. Jie Jin's satire is also a heartless poem. The powerful ministers at that time hated and feared him. Therefore, it is not surprising that they died of framing. The offending business cost others their lives.

"The reeds on the wall are top-heavy and shallow; The bamboo shoots in the mountains are thick and empty. " No scholar wants to listen to this pair. How can a man be a scholar? Do you care if they have real talent and learning? What can you do if you are a gifted scholar? Can I give you some clean burial methods-snow burial? Let you see others black, you can't see yourself black, so you can be clean!

Once, a very powerful minister wanted to give you a lesson from Jie Jin by virtue of his power: "How dare a little monkey saw wood in a mountain where two apes were chopping wood?" This "little arm" has no face at all. On the way up, there came a sentence: "How can an old beast kick?" Others have seen the jokes of "old beast", but "old beast" will hate you for life. Who would you frame if you didn't frame you? Your confrontation is very clever, so think of a clever way to kill you or bury you in the snow!

It is not seeking truth from facts to say that Jie Jin doesn't understand gentleness. He said: "Pu Ye grape leaves, herbaceous woody; Plum blossom, osmanthus rose, spring fragrance and autumn fragrance. " Homophony, conception and artistic conception are all perfect, but why not be gentle with those secular villains? Can anyone repay your kindness to those flowers and plants? Very close to death, let you be stingy with the gentleness of secular villains and find you a season without flowers and grass. What about winter? Or a snow burial!

Literati, power and secularism are terrible. You have been wronged to death. Later generations remembered the Yongle Grand Ceremony and your great achievements in Jie Jin. Future generations also lament your talent. But how many of them praised your honest and frank and integrity? On the surface, you can be praised, but later generations don't want to be buried by snow, even if it is clean, unusual and gentle. Maybe when you are buried, future generations will see it and say, "It's time to bury you! He who knows the times is a hero. Although I am not as good as you, at least I am still alive. " Among those who cling to "being alive", many people seem to have lost contact with you and shouted "admire Jie Jin".

Jie Jin didn't like the Ming Dynasty under Wen Jian, because Emperor Wen Jian was weak by nature and didn't have Zhu Yuanzhang's calculation, so when the "Jingnan Army" wanted to attack Texas, it helped Judy once and diverted it to attack Li Jinglong in Huaibei.

Jie Jin is not only knowledgeable and talented, but also an honest, frank, upright and fearless strength figure. He neglected his position many times, criticized graft and urged the villain to be humble. As a result, his life was bumpy, sometimes in favor, sometimes out of favor, sometimes in promotion, sometimes in relegation, until he was persecuted to death.

When he was an official, Xie Shu once accused the Ministry of War Minister of dereliction of duty. Minister Shen Qian was very angry about this and falsely accused Xie Shu. Mao also accused Jie Jin of "venting his anger" and demoted him to Jiangxi Taoist Secretariat. Li Shanchang, a Korean male, was executed by Mao for his crime, and Shangshu was used to defend Li Shanchang on behalf of Langzhong Kingdom. Dai Xia also edited "On Yuan Tai's Traitor", recounting Yuan Tai's crimes of flouting the Chaogang, taking bribes and perverting the law, and framing loyalty. Yuan Tai bears a grudge for being punished. Mao believes that there is still a lack of self-cultivation, and it is necessary to cultivate one's morality and keep one's mind closed to the outside world, otherwise it will become the target of attack by his ministers. In the 24th year of Hongwu (A.D. 139 1), Taizu called Jie Jin's father to Beijing and told him, "It's not too late to make great contributions. If you go back to your son, you will benefit from it. In the next ten years, there will be a lot of use. " Kim had to return to Jishui with his father. After 8 years in my hometown, I wrote behind closed doors, corrected the history of Yuan Dynasty, supplemented the books of Song Dynasty and deleted the book of rites. In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (AD 1398), Taizu died of illness and went to Beijing to pay his respects. When Huidi came to Korea, Yuan Tai took the opportunity to make a speech and attack Jie Jin. "My mother was buried and my father was 90 years old. It is not appropriate to give up. " The emperor listened to the instructions and was demoted to Hezhou (now near Lanzhou, Gansu) as a garrison. At that time, Dong Lun, assistant minister of does, benefited from the emperor's trust and put in a lot of good words for Jie Jin in front of Hui Di. In this way, Jie Jin was recalled to Beijing in the fourth year of his work, and Ren Hanlin was waiting for a letter. In the first year of Yongle (A.D. 1403), Judy acceded to the throne and abolished Jie Jin as an academician to be read. Joined by Huang Huai, Yang Shiqi, Hu Guang, Jin Youzi, Yang Rong and Hu Yan. Participate in the maintenance of Wen Yuan Pavilion. Soon, he transferred to Hanlin as a bachelor and was appointed as the president of Maolu and Nvzhuan. At this time, Chengzu trusted Jie Jin and once said to ministers; "The world can't live without me for a day, and I can't live without Jie Jin for a day." In the second year of Yongle (AD 1404), Jie Jin was promoted to Bachelor of Hanlin and Bachelor of Youchunfang. This is the pinnacle of his career.

The emperor's favor can't change Jie Jin's integrity and his insistence on justice. He still wants to oppose impolite things. In the third year of Yongle (A.D. 1405), Judy called Jie Jin into the palace to discuss the establishment of a prince. At that time, Cheng Zu intended to make his second son Gao Xu a prince, but Jie Jin still bluntly said, "It has always been like this. The crown prince is benevolent and filial, and the world joins him. If he gives up, there will be controversy. Once the precedent is set, I'm afraid there will be no peace. The previous generation can be used as a mirror. " Judy was very unhappy after hearing this, so he hesitated. In order to convince the emperor, Jie Jin only said one sentence: "Good Sun!" The two men smiled at each other. Finally, he agreed to make Gao Chi, the eldest son, a prince, and Gao Xu, the second son, a Hanwang, and asked Jie Jin to write down the imperial edict of Li Chu to show the world. From then on, Gao Xu deeply hated Jie Jin. Gao Xu thinks that he has made meritorious military service and won Judy's favor, so he has always been determined to win the prize. Seeing this situation, Jie Jin discouraged: "No disputes." I think this is alienating their father-son relationship, and I have a lot of complaints about Kim. In the fourth year of Yongle, Cheng Zu gave Huang Huai and others two kinds of gauze clothes, but not Jie Jin. Qiu Fu, Duke of the Desert, "spread imperial secrets", but Zhao Zhao blamed Jie Jin for "banning Han for five years", and Jie Jin was falsely accused of "unfair trial marking" and demoted to Chief Secretary of Guangxi Department. Before he left, Li Zhigang, a doctor who did not agree with Jie Jin, was falsely accused and framed, and was demoted to Jiaotoe (now Yue State) and ordered to pay for Huazhou.

In the eighth year of Yongle (A.D. 14 10), Jie Jin people went to Beijing to play things, but their ancestors went north and did not return, so they had to be thirsty for the prince. So Zhu took the opportunity to go in and preach: "I'll go home when the prince goes out in private." No one is polite! " Joe was furious at this. At that time, Jie Jin had gone to Guangdong with King Ping. Along the way, they saw that the drought on both sides of the Ganjiang River was serious, and they demanded that the Ganjiang River be dredged to connect the north and the south to divert water to irrigate the fields. After the evacuation, Cheng Zu became even more angry and ordered Jie Jin to be arrested and imprisoned. He was tortured in prison and implicated many people. On the 13th day of the first month of the 13th year of Yongle (A.D.1465438+February 22, 2005), Shuai Jigang of Wei Jinyi was imprisoned. Cheng Zu saw Jie Jin's name and asked a good question: "Are you still there?" Outline has always been grass camp lives, deeply hated by Jie Jin. Therefore, he was afraid that Chengzu would pardon and enable Jie Jin, so he rushed back to the prison, bought wine to congratulate him, got drunk and died in the snow. At that time, Jie Jin was only 47 years old. After Jie Jin was killed, his property was confiscated, and his wife, children and clan were exiled to Liaodong.

When Jie Jin was in the imperial court, he talked about good with virtue and evil with virtue, and made no secret of his views. Cheng Zu once gave him a list of court ministers and ordered him to be "inclusive". Jie Jin wrote line by line: "Talent has no fixed view. Xia Yuanji is virtuous, not far from the villain. Liu Qing is very talented, but he doesn't care about justice. Zheng Ci can be described as a gentleman, quite lacking in talent. Li Zhigang was born to like this situation, even though he just misbehaved. Huang's heart straightens easily, and he is quite persistent. Chen Ying is engraved on usage and can be honest. Song Li's directness and harshness are offensive. Chen Qia cleared the police's sensitivity, but it is also true. Fang Bin's talent for thin books is also the heart of compensation. " Zu handed the letter to the prince and asked about Yin Changlong and Wang Ruyu. Jie Jin immediately replied: "Gentleman, but the amount is not large; I didn't come easily with your grace and literary talent, but I cherish the heart of the city. " Injong acceded to the throne, took out Jie Jin's recital and gave it to Yang Shiqi, the recorder, saying, "You are crazy. You have your own opinions on what you said, but you are not crazy!" Praise Jie Jin's novel and unique articles, which can be compared with Sima Yi, Han Yu and others. Therefore, Jie Jin's wife, children and clan were pardoned to Jishui. In August of the first year of orthodoxy (A.D. 1436), I forgave what I had copied. In the first year of Chenghua (A.D. 1465), Jie Jin was rehabilitated, restored to his official position, and received an audience with Dr. Chao Yi.

Jie Jin's greatest achievement in his life is that he personally presided over the compilation of Yongle Dadian. Shortly after Chengzu ascended the throne, he ordered Jie Jin to compile A Collection of Documents, trying to collect the documents of past dynasties in different categories. However, due to the shortage of manpower and the rush of time, the book was completed within one year. After reading it, Cheng Zu thought that the usurped books were too unprepared and too brief to meet his original intention. So he decided to send Prince Yao and Li Shangshu Zheng Ci as drug supervisors, and recruited more than 2,000 people to participate in the compilation, subscription and ordering of specialized drugs. After more than three years of hard work, this large-scale book was finally compiled and named Yongle Dadian. The book * * * has 22,877 volumes, 60 volumes of general examples and contents, and is bound into 1 1095 volumes, with * * * about 370 million words. "Including the vastness of the universe will unify the similarities and differences between ancient and modern times." Cheng Zu's Preface to Yongle Dadian, with the rhyme of Hongwu and Zheng Yun as the preface, compiled seven or eight thousand works, including folk classics, history, books, collections, Buddhist scriptures, Taoist scriptures, northern operas, southern operas, storytelling, medicine, engineering technology, agronomy and chronicles. This is the largest kind of book in China. In the history of world culture, Yongle Dadian is regarded as the earliest, largest and most extensive encyclopedia.

Jie Jin has not only made outstanding achievements in academics, but also made great achievements in poetry, calligraphy and prose. He is so talented that he can't stop writing. There are more than 500 five-character poems by You Gong. His classical songs are unrestrained and imaginative, almost like Li Bai's, and his metrical poems are almost the same as those of the Tang Dynasty. He is also good at calligraphy, excellent in small letters, good in cursive, and ingenious in using pens, which is unexpected. His works include Baiyun Draft, Dongshan Collection and Taiping Shushu. There are sixteen volumes of Xie Wenyi Gong Ji, one volume of Miscellaneous Stories of Spring Rain and three volumes of Biography of Martyrs in Ancient and Modern Times. Later generations' evaluation of his life is: "The festival is strong for a thousand years, and the literature is respected for a hundred generations." The old tomb of Xie Chunyu in Zou Yuanbiao.

Jie Jin, an honest and outspoken talent in the south of the Yangtze River.

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"The reeds on the wall are top-heavy and shallow; The bamboo shoots in the mountains are thick and empty. " This famous couplet, which has been circulated for more than 500 years, was written by Jie Jin, a bachelor of Hanlin in Ming Dynasty and editor-in-chief of Yongle Dadian. On this basis, Jie Jin served three generations of emperors. Zhu Yuanzhang once personally explained: "I am as righteous as a monarch and a minister and as kind as a father and son. What advice do you have for me? " When it comes to economics, Jie Jin led more than 3,000 scholars, and in three years, he completed the masterpiece Yongle Dadian with more than 370 million words and 20,000 volumes (1900, when Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing, most of it was burned, and now there are only 800 volumes left in major libraries around the world). However, this temple with the strongest backing and abundant talents did not die of natural causes, but only lived for 47 years.

Zhu Yuanzhang asked him for advice. Jie Jin was so stupid that he wrote thousands of books. He recited Zhu Yuanzhang's decrees, and when he got angry, he chopped vines and killed them indiscriminately. Villains flock to them, sages avoid them, greedy people get their tricks, and upright people are punished. There is no difference between officials and punishment ... in Mencius, "a scholar is not a thing": "a scholar is a loyal villain." However, when someone explained this classic assertion to Zhu Yuanzhang, he said, "Honest, despicable!" (Historical Records: Living in Seclusion in Ancient and Modern Times) Laughed at Zhang Shicheng, the political enemy. He also wrote Zhu Yuanzhang's Ten Strategies for Taiping, which hit the nail on the head and caused the boss to be unhappy. Xie was finally dismissed from office. Eight years later, Emperor Wendi was established and he became an official again. When Judy inherited her nephew's throne and moved the capital to Beijing, Jie Jin was taken seriously.

Jie Jin knew nothing about "the emperor's psychology", which was the biggest and most terrible "empty stomach". The "official relationship" has not yet been introduced, which is the weak link that people envy and shake the official foundation-"shallow foundation". Zhu Yuanzhang asked you to speak frankly. You didn't think about it. Needless to say, the son of God-the son of heaven, even ordinary people, how many are happy to see it? You know that Zhu Yuanzhang is moody and loyal, but you have to show your ignorance and violate the lamella. Isn't this your death? After many twists and turns, it was reused by san huang. Please be the editor-in-chief of Yongle Dadian and honestly compile your book. You insisted on getting involved in the power struggle at the highest level, and finally you were framed by the second prince, jailed, beaten to pieces in the Royal Guards (the emperor's secret service) and held for five years innocently. I want you to taste the taste of "the speaker is innocent".

Officialdom is like a theater. Jie Jin doesn't even know about ABC. Nine times out of ten, his comments on colleagues and ministers are true. Say that someone is born with power, although brilliant and misbehaving; Some people can be considered gentlemen, but they are shorter than talents; Some people are bookish scholars, and he is a proud livestock trading broker; Some people have moral aspirations, but they don't alienate villains. However, the people he despised were only at the top. Can they not be jealous after hearing Jie Jin's comments? One day, Judy asked Jin Yiwei to instruct Ji Gang to show him the list of prisoners in the prison. When he saw the word "Jie Jin", he said, "Are you still there?" This is tantamount to a death sentence. Jigang got the message, went back to prison, got Jie Jin drunk, took off his clothes, threw him into the snow and froze to death.

Interesting things about Jie Jin.