What does symphony mean?

What does symphony mean?

Symphony

Symphony (SYMPHONY) is also called symphony. People often compare it to the "sacred temple of the kingdom of music". It is the most representative of symphonic music. It can also be said that it is a sonata (sonata-symphony suite) performed by a large orchestra.

What is symphonic music

Symphonic music is not a specific genre name, but a general term for a type of instrumental music genre. The common characteristics of this genre are:

1. Performed by a large orchestra;

2. The music has profound connotations and is dramatic, epic, tragic, and heroic. nature, or the music style is solemn, narrative, descriptive, lyrical, customary, etc.;

3. It has a relatively rigorous structure and rich means of expression.

According to established convention, symphonic music mainly refers to five genres: symphony, concerto, orchestra suite, overture and symphonic poem. But its scope is often extended to some unique orchestral music, such as fantasia, capriccio, rhapsody, ballade, march, variation and dance music played by the symphony orchestra. In addition, symphonic music also includes title orchestral works, such as "Good News from Beijing to the Border Village" by Chinese composers Zheng Lu and Ma Hongye

The origin and development of symphonic music

French writer Romain- Rowland said: "There is no concept of progress in art, because no matter how far back we look, we will find that our predecessors have already reached a state of perfection... If anyone thought that centuries of effort have brought us closer to perfection, that would be Ridiculous..."

The origins of symphonic music can be traced back to a very long history. Its name originated from ancient Greece and was the general term for the two words "harmony" and "harmony" at that time. By the time of ancient Rome, it evolved into a generic name for all instrumental ensembles and ensembles. In the 15th and 16th centuries, that is, during the European Renaissance, the name symphony was used as a symbol of all harmonic and multi-sounding instrumental music. In the early days of Baroque music, it mainly referred to the overtures and interludes in operas, oratorios, oratorios and other works. In the early 18th century, music art developed rapidly in Europe. With the process of the European industrial revolution, music art also began to gradually become civilian and socialized. During this period, as an independent art form, the scale and form of the symphony slowly gained a clear meaning. The Italian opera overture at that time became the basic prototype of the classical symphony with its unique three sections of "fast-slow-fast". By the mid-18th century, composers from the Mannheim school in Germany (the cultural center of southern Germany) further improved the basic form of symphony with a series of positive and innovative creations. In 1740, the Austrian composer Munn (1717--1750) added a minuet (note: a French three-beat dance) movement (the third movement) between the slow movement and the allegro movement for the first time. , this four-movement suite form gradually evolved into the fixed form of the classical symphony. The four movements are laid out as follows:

The first movement - Sonata form (Note: It is a basic form of classical music works, whether it is sonata, symphony, concerto and ensemble) It must be used in all important movements.) It consists of three parts:

The first part: (Presentation) has two themes - the main theme (first theme) and the sub-theme (second theme). , these two themes often form a strong contrast. For example, the main theme can be conflicting and dramatic, while the subtheme can be lyrical or singing. In some sonatas, these two themes complement each other and are both singing.

The second part: (the development part) is to continuously divide and model the theme of the presentation part, and compare and develop it in all aspects of orchestration, rhythm, dynamics and tonality.

Part Three: (Recapitulation) The two themes of the presentation part are reproduced, and there is a strict relationship in key. For example, in the presentation part, the theme of the main part is the main key (C major), The theme of the minor part is the dominant key (G major), and in the recapitulation part, the theme of the minor part also returns to the main key (C major). Sonata form usually begins with an introduction or introduction and ends with a coda. Such musical forms often express grand ideas and reflect profound philosophies. Of course, they are also very lyrical and descriptive.

Second movement - Andante or Adagio. Lyrical and known for singing music.

The third movement - Minuet. They are light, humorous, elegant and funny.

The fourth movement - the finale. It is usually allegro, often in rondo form (A+B+A+C+A) or rondo sonata form. (The so-called echo...

What does symphony mean?

A symphony is a large-scale orchestral piece containing multiple movements, usually composed for an orchestra. A symphony is a large-scale orchestral piece The "symphony" evolved from the Italian opera overture. The name "symphony" comes from the Greek, which means "together." By the second half of the 18th century, it developed into an independent orchestral work, usually consisting of four movements (sometimes titled "slow"). (Introduction), some may have more or less than four movements. The genre of each movement is very similar to that of a sonata, but the scale is larger, the musical theme is more developed, and the orchestration method is richer, which is suitable for dramatic expressions. Content. A symphony orchestra is a modern large-scale orchestra, divided into two-pipe, three-pipe, and four-pipe orchestras, that is, small, medium, and large. The number of people ranges from dozens to more than a hundred, including string instruments and woodwind instruments. It is composed of various groups of instruments such as brass instruments and percussion instruments. Sometimes, the instruments are added or deleted according to the creative intention and specific requirements of the composer and conductor.

What does the number of instruments in the symphony orchestra mean? < /p>

There are several types of symphony orchestra arrangements: single-tube arrangement, double-tube arrangement, three-tube arrangement, four-tube arrangement, etc. Generally, the orchestra arrangement is based on the number of woodwind groups or the number of trumpets. It is determined by reference. When the number of any instrument group in the symphony orchestra is changed, in order to keep the volume ratio between each instrument group unchanged, the number of other instrument groups must also change.

Please see the table below:

Single pipe setup:

(woodwind group)

1 FI (a flute)

1 OB (one oboe)

1 CI (one clarinet)

1 FG (one bassoon)

(brass set)

2-3 COR (two to three French horns)

1 TRB (one trumpet)

(string section)

VI I (1st violin, ten persons)

VI II (2nd violin, eight persons)

VAL (viola, six persons)

VC (cello, Four persons)

CB (double cello, two persons)

Double pipe arrangement:

(Woodwind group)

2 FI ( Two flutes)

2 OB (two oboes)

2 CI (two clarinets)

2 FG (two bassoons)

(Brass set)

4 COR (four French horns)

2 TRB (two trumpets)

3 TRBN (three Trombone)

1 TUB (Tuba)

(String section)

VI I (First violin, fourteen people)

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VI II (second violin, twelve players)

VAL (viola, ten players)

VC (cello, eight players)

CB (double cello, six persons)

Three-pipe arrangement:

(Woodwind group)

2 FI 1 PICC (two flutes plus one piccolo )

2 OB 1 C.ING (two oboes and one English horn)

2 CI 1 CI.B (two clarinets and one bass clarinet)

2 FG 1 C-FG (two bassoons and one bassoon)

(brass section)

4-6 COR (four to six French horns)

3 TRB (three trumpets)

3 TRBN (three trombones)

1 TUB (one tuba)

(String section)

VI I (First violin, sixteen persons)

VI II (Second violin, fourteen persons)

< p> VAL (viola, twelve players)

VC (cello, ten players)

CB (double cello, eight players)

Four-pipe arrangement:

(Woodwind section)

3 FI 1 PICC (three flutes plus one piccolo)

3 OB 1 C.ING (three oboes plus one English horn)

3 CI 1 CI.B (three clarinets and one bass clarinet)

3 FG 1 C-FG (three bassoons and one bass clarinet) Pipe)

(Brass set)

4-6 COR (four to six French horns)

4 TRB (four trumpets)

3 TRBN (three trombones)

1 TUB (one tuba)

(string section)

VI I (no. One violin, eighteen persons)

VI II (Second violin, sixteen persons)

VAL (viola, fourteen persons)

VC (cello , twelve persons)

CB (double cello, ten persons)

What is a symphony

Edward Elgar: Military March No. 1 in D Major, Op . 39, "Pomp And Circumstance" 00:

Above is the song title... Below is the website of Xiami Music

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xiami/...faAVVd

What is a symphony?

Symphony, or symphonic music, broadly speaking, can include large orchestras performing in symphony concerts All instrumental works.

The original usage of the word symphony was also quite confusing. From an etymological point of view, the original Greek word for symphony only means "together" (syn) and "to make a sound" (phone). In the Middle Ages, it referred to two people. The harmonious combination of sounds, including early vocal or instrumental music works, or the harmonious combination of several notes on certain musical instruments (such as bagpipes and accordions). At the end of the 16th century, any piece of music without instruments inserted into a dramatic work (including opera and oratorio) was called a symphony. The symphony, which is similar to today's concept, was produced during the changes in musical styles, that is, the alternation between the decline of the Baroque style and the vigorous rise of the classical style. That was in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Symphonia and Sonata influenced each other in their respective development processes to the point where they were almost indistinguishable. The final Sonata (now translated as sonata) specifically refers to the use of one instrument (such as A multi-movement work played by a harpsichord or two instruments (such as a violin and a harpsichord). A sonata played with three instruments is called a trio, a sonata with four instruments is called a quartet, and a sonata with five instruments is called a quintet. A piece played by an orchestra is called a symphony. Therefore, broadly speaking, a symphony is a sonata played by an orchestra. The symphony is the most important genre of symphonic music and an essential part of the symphony concert. Since symphonic poems, symphonic suites, concertos, etc. are often performed in symphony concerts, there is a tendency to classify these genres into the category of symphonic music, that is, to broadly apply the term symphony to all instrumental music performed in symphony concerts. work.

What is a symphony?

A symphony is the main genre of symphonic music. It generally consists of four movements (but there are exceptions, such as Schubert's "Unfinished Symphony" There are only three movements

). The main characteristics of a symphony are: the first movement is generally Allegro, using sonata form; the second movement is generally Adagio, often using complex thirds, variations, rondos, etc.

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Form; The three movements are generally Allegro, mostly scherzo. The four movements are Allegro, in sonata form.

Sonata form generally consists of two or more contrasting themes, which pass through one after another. Present\expand, interweave development, and unified reproduction, thereby expressing people's rich emotional thinking and psychological journey. If the first theme is in a major key (such as C major), the second theme is often used "Dominant" (G major); the first theme

If it is a minor (such as E minor), the second theme often uses its "parallel major" (the major of the minor third above - G major). This is the main feature of the sonata form

.

The four movements of the symphony are relatively independent but related to each other. The first movement plays the role of presentation, showing the theme of the work, and the second movement plays the role of contrast

, showing another aspect of the composer's musical thoughts; the third movement plays a transitional role; the fourth movement plays a comprehensive reproduction role. In the fourth movement, you can hear the previous The "shadows" of different themes in several movements.

The four movements are in terms of speed, the opposition of Allegro, Adagio, Allegro, Allegro; in terms of tonality, they are through the main key, dominant key, The development of subordinate tones and main tones

can generate huge power of development, and also has the structural function of "initiation, inheritance, transition and synthesis".

Symphony is a human being The product of highly developed thinking can express people's complex and profound emotional thinking. It is a masterpiece that can be "read" with ears and heart. The overall grasp of

the work is also a reflection of an orchestra and its conductor's ability. A huge test and appreciation of personality.

Once we understand its basic characteristics, we can taste and appreciate it carefully, so as not to be confused and dozed off at the concert. By the way

Let me remind you, when we enjoy a symphony, we should not applaud between each movement, but should applaud at the end when the entire symphony (four movements) has been played

, because the four movements of a symphony are interrelated as a whole, applauding between each movement will disrupt its integrity....

What kind of symphony

< p> It is a product of the European Renaissance. The name of the symphony comes from Greek, and its original meaning is "sounding together". A symphony is a grand suite that has the characteristics of a sonata (a musical form consisting of an exposition, development, and recapitulation) and is played by a huge orchestra (composed of several independent pieces that are structurally independent and contrasting with each other in terms of musical properties). A musical work in the form of a special musical form composed of parts. Due to the grand structure of the symphony, the large and complete orchestra, the powerful sound power, and the ever-changing music, the expressive power of the orchestra can be highly exerted, so it has far-reaching implications and is good at expressing mysterious, rich and complex emotions. The poetic and picturesque depiction of nature has a unique color effect. Therefore, symphony has a strong and touching artistic charm.

What should you hear when listening to symphony?

Although I have not been listening to classical music for a long time and am still getting started, in my opinion, what you listen to when listening to music is music. You can expand Come on, but you can’t break away from the music itself. One of the charms of classical music is that it is rich in connotation. Different people will pay attention to different aspects and hear different things. For example, for the same piece of music, some people will pay attention to the sound effects, some people will pay attention to the emotional experience, some people will pay attention to the deep meaning behind the music, and some people will pay attention to professional aspects such as harmony and orchestration. thing. What I mean by paying attention to the ontology of music is to pay attention to those more professional things, such as a symphony. You need to look at its musical form structure, the relationship between the movements, how the theme develops, and the relationship between various instruments. How to cooperate among them, etc.

Music can express emotions, but it does not mean that every piece of music must express the emotion of the creator. This is especially true of classical music. Sometimes, composers are just hired to write to make money to support their families. That is their job. Sometimes it is purely to practice a certain technique, or just to play intellectual games, such as Bach's "The Art of Fugue". They did not intend to express any profound meanings such as philosophy of life in their works. When we listen, What we feel is our own, not what the creator expresses. Sometimes we over-interpret and make a simple work mysterious and mysterious, just like the joke about Lu Xun, Lu Xun just said " Good night!", the Chinese teacher interpreted a lot of profound meanings from those two words. Classical music is something for Westerners. Westerners study science in order to pursue the truth and explore the mysteries of nature. Similarly, they sometimes write music to explore the mysteries of music itself and explore the infinite possibilities of music. Both are exploring In the unknown world, pursue the limits that human wisdom can reach. Of course, music can also be used to express emotions, for entertainment, and even has certain social functions. A layman sees the excitement, an expert sees the door. Ordinary people will say that someone’s music moved me, and professionals will say what exploration someone has made in the music, and what new fields they have opened up. If you want to truly “understand” classical music , it is better to learn professional knowledge. Of course, you can also just relax and enjoy the happiness brought by music. The above is just a personal opinion.

What is a symphony?

Symphony is a type of instrumental music genre. A large (sonata-type) suite played by an orchestra. Derived from an Italian opera overture, Haydn took shape at that time. The basic characteristics are: the first movement is allegro, in sonata form; the second movement is slow, in duology or trilogy form; the third movement is at a moderate or slightly faster tempo, and is a minuet or scherzo; the fourth movement is in the form of a minuet or scherzo; The movement, also known as the "final movement", is fast and adopts the rondo-sonata form. Haydn composed more than 100 symphonies, Mozart composed more than 50 symphonies, Beethoven's nine symphonies are called the immortal works of symphonies, and Schubert composed eight including "Unfinished Symphony". Other composers of the Romantic School such as Berlioz, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Dvo?ák, Sibelius, Bruckner, *** They all composed famous symphonies. Famous symphony composers in modern times include Oneg, Von Williams, Glazunov, Scriabin, Rachmaninov, Miaskovsky, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Chachaturian, etc.

A symphony is a large-scale suite that gives full play to the functions and expressiveness of various musical instruments to create a musical image and is performed by a symphony orchestra. The symphony is of great significance in the history of music development: in terms of music creation, it is the embodiment and product of the highly developed writing skills of composers; in terms of the breadth and depth of instrumental expression, it has reached its peak. Although it is essentially a sonata played by an orchestra, it has a grander, richer, and more advanced expressive power than a sonata. The word "Symphony" originates from ancient Greece, and its original meaning is "ringing sound". By the Middle Ages, it referred to the harmonious combination of two tones, and sometimes also referred to a certain musical instrument. The Italian composer G. Gabrieli first used it as the title of the song, calling his sacred music of vocal and instrumental music "Sacred Symphony" (1597). Since then, it generally refers to music composed of vocal music and instrumental music. In 1607, A, Bankey and S. Rossi each published a purely instrumental symphony. 1619, M.

Pretorius proposed in a work on modern musical form that a symphony should be a purely instrumental ensemble work without any vocal parts. From then on, symphonies began to get rid of vocal music and turned into instrumental music, marking an important turning point in symphonies. Since then, many instrumental music works have been produced, such as: instrumental introductions, overtures or preludes for operas, oratorios, etc.; J. Bach’s 3 Inventions and the opening movement of Partita; J. Some of Haydn's quartets, etc., are collectively referred to as symphonies. In the 20th century, I.F. Stravinsky deliberately imitated the ancient style and wrote "Wind Instrument Symphony" (1920).

The early symphony (1725 ~ 1760) evolved from the Italian opera overture at the end of the 17th century. The three-section form of the overture, "Adagio, Adagio, and Allegro," laid the foundation for the symphony's suite form. In the middle and late 18th century, symphonies with the nature of overtures broke away from operas, absorbed elements of concertos grandiose, suites and triple sonatas, and developed into independent...

What is symphonic music?

My personal explanation is not authoritative, so I will give you an online one. Symphonic Music Questions and Answers

1. What is symphonic music?

Answer: Symphonic music is music used by symphony orchestras (large orchestras) for concert performances, including symphonies, concertos, symphonic poems, suites, overtures and other genres. 2. What is a symphony?

Answer: Large-scale music played by a symphony orchestra is generally divided into four movements. 3. What are the famous symphony composers and symphonies?

Answer: Haydn and his "London" Symphony, Mozart and his 40th Symphony, Beethoven and his "Eroica", "Destiny", "Pastoral", "Chorus" and The Seventh Symphony, Schubert and his "Unfinished" Symphony, Berlioz and his "Fantasy" Symphony, Tchaikovsky and his "Pathétique" Symphony, Dvo?ák and his "From the New World" Symphony and so on are very famous. Other famous symphony composers include Mendelssohn, Schumann, Bruckner, Brahms, ***, Sibelius, Shostakovich and so on. 4. What is a concerto?

Answer: Most concertos are large-scale pieces of music played by a solo instrument and a symphony orchestra. They are generally divided into three movements, with the solo instrument playing the main part. 5. Which instruments can be used as soloists in concertos?

Answer: Theoretically, any instrument can be used, but concertos with piano, violin, and cello as soloists are the most common, and concertos with other instruments as soloists are also common. Chinese composers have also composed concertos for erhu, pipa, guzheng, flute and other national musical instruments. 6. What is a suite? How is it different from a symphony?

Answer: Suites, like symphonies, are multi-movement pieces. Suites performed by a symphony orchestra are also called symphonic suites. The symphony is relatively large in scale and has profound content; the symphonic suite is relatively small in scale, and the content is mostly descriptive and entertaining, and the number of movements can be more or less. There are two types of symphonic suites: one is a suite composed of music selected from operas and dance dramas, and the other is a suite created by the composer specifically for concerts. 7. What is an overture?

Answer: The introductory music of a certain large-scale work is called an overture. Overtures in symphonic music were mainly opera overtures played in concerts in the past. Mendelssohn first composed an overture specifically for concert performance, also called a symphonic overture. 8. What is symphonic poetry? How is it different from the overture?

Answer: A single-movement symphonic work in which the composer gives descriptive and episodic content. Liszt founded this form. The overture has a rigorous structure, using a "sonata" structure.

In order to obey the needs of descriptive and plot content, symphonic poetry has a relatively free musical structure. 9. What instruments does a symphony orchestra consist of?

Answer: The symphony orchestra is composed of four parts of instruments, called four parts: string part, woodwind part, brass part and percussion part. There are also some musical instruments that cannot be classified into these parts, such as harp, piano, etc., which are called color instruments. 10. What instruments are there in the string part? Why are they called strings?

Answer: The string part is composed entirely of instruments from the violin family, which are violins, violas, cellos and double basses. These instruments rely on the horsetail on the bow to rub against the strings to produce sound, hence the name stringed instruments. 1 1. What instruments are included in the woodwind section? Why are they called wood pipes?

Answer: The woodwind section consists of flute, oboe, bassoon and their modified instruments. These instruments were originally made of wood, hence the name woodwinds. 1 2. What instruments are included in the brass part? Why are they called copper pipes?

Answer: The brass section consists of trumpets, French horns, trombones and tubas. These instruments are all made of brass, so they are called brass. 1 3. What instruments are included in the percussion part? Why are they called percussion?

Answer: There are two types of instruments in the percussion part. One has a fixed pitch, such as timpani, celesta, xylophone, tubular bells, etc.; the other has no fixed pitch, such as snare drum, Tambourine, triangle, cymbal, gong, etc. These instruments produce sound by percussion, so they are called percussion instruments. 1 4. What are single-pipe band, double-pipe band, and three-pipe band? How big are they?

Answer: The terms single-wind, double-wind or triple-wind refer to the number of each woodwind instrument in the band. How many wind instruments there are means several wind bands. For example, if there are two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, and two bassoons in the band, it is called a double pipe band. Since the sound of each part in the band needs to be balanced, and there are many woodwind instruments, other instruments also need to be added. Therefore, the more woodwind instruments, the larger the band. Generally speaking, a single-pipe band has about 30 to 40 people, a double-pipe band has about 50 to 60 people, and a three-pipe band has more than 70 people. The size of a band with more than four pipes can exceed a hundred people. ...