What are the four major unjust cases in Qing Dynasty?

Four major unjust cases in Qing Dynasty —— Yang Naiwu v. Pakchoi and Yang Sanjie, Zhang Wenxiang stabbing a horse and Huai 'an strange case.

The so-called "Four Mysteries of the Qing Palace" refers to "the Queen Mother got married", "Shunzhi became a monk", "Yongzheng was stabbed" and "civet cats were exchanged for princes".

First, the Queen Mother got married.

The Queen Mother married the Regent. Empress Dowager Cixi refers to the concubine of Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty and the biological mother of Fu Lin, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty. She died in the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), and was posthumously named the queen of Xiaozhuangwen. Regent refers to Prince Dorset of Regent Rui. Empress Xiaozhuangwen is Dourgen's brother-in-law, brother-in-law and daughter-in-law. According to the moral concept of the Han people, it is disgraceful and uncivilized. In the Qing dynasty, there was no secret, but there was no requirement for it to be recorded in writing. However, Cang Shui Shi Hua, which was published only in the late Qing Dynasty, has a saying: "Those who live long are called marriages, and Cining Palace is full of rotten doors; Yesterday, a new instrument was put into the spring palace, and a gift was prepared for the queen mother's marriage, which meant that the queen mother got married. The poet Zhang Huangyan was born in the early Qing Dynasty. At the same time as dourgen, what he said is true. According to the records of Korea's Li Dynasty, in February of the 27th year of Renzu (1649, the 6th year of Qing Shunzhi), it was also recorded that the word "uncle" was changed to "Tai Shang Huang", which indirectly revealed that Dourgen called Tai Shang Huang "Tai Shang Huang", which was symmetrical with the Empress Dowager. What's more, Dourgen's name was changed to "Emperor Tai Shang", which was clearly recorded not only in Qing Shi Lu and Jiang Dong Hua Lu, but also in many files and proclamations that have been circulated since then. When writing about the emperor, write the Regent together, above the Regent, or with the title "Uncle of the Emperor" or "Father of the Emperor". Let's not forget another fact: although the social nature of Manchukuo was rapidly transformed from slavery to feudalism before entering the customs, it is not surprising that the backward customs of Nuzhen long ago, such as the remnants of group marriage of some brothers, wives and granddaughters, continued until the early days of entering the customs. Then, the fact that the Queen Mother got married can be taken for granted.

Second, Shunzhi became a monk

In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), the imperial concubine Dong Eshi died on August 19th. Fu Lin, the sai-jo, grieved and retired for five days. Immediately, it was ordered to be crowned queen. Dong Eshi is just an imperial concubine. Why do you want to add posthumous title to be the queen? Some people take it for granted that this concubine is Dong Xiaowan, a lucky man who ventured across the border in the late Ming Dynasty. When the Qing army entered the customs, she was taken to the capital, then entered the palace, was given the surname of Dong Eshi, and was later named the imperial concubine. Who knows that after Dong Shi entered the palace, he died without life. But for Dong Guifei, Sai-jo is the favorite of the Sixth Palace, unparalleled. She is a poor woman who makes sai-jo unhappy all day. A few months later, he abandoned the emperor and fled to Wutai Mountain in Shanxi, cut his hair and put on a cloak, and converted to the pure land. The above is the origin of Shunzhi becoming a monk, passed down from generation to generation. Is that really the case? First of all, we must admit that Fu Lin, the founder of the Qing Dynasty, was a good Buddha, and there were also Zen Master Mu Chen and Wang Xiuer of Yu Lin in the palace, all of whom respected him. Sai-jo Zhang Zhongyou has the titles of "Hidden Taoist", "Lazy Weng" and "Taoist Madness", and he also gave Mu Chen an imperial edict that "I hope the old monk will treat me like a son of heaven and treat me like a door". It is a fact that sai-jo believed in Buddhism, and no one can deny it. Secondly, it should be said that a few months before the death of Sai-jo, it was the mourning period of the filial piety queen Dong Eshi. Sai-jo mourned and expressed his feelings, which was a great regret for the world. Therefore, some people think that Sai-jo was tired of the world by mourning, and finally got rid of the dust net and fled into an empty net. Since then, it has been passed down as a story of "Love the Son of Heaven through the ages". This is inconsistent with historical facts. Indeed, because the founder was a good Buddha, he did have the idea of asking various dharmas to become monks before his death. But in fact, a few days before his death, he just asked his favorite internal supervisor Wu to go to Benjamin Zhong Temple (now Fayuan Temple in Guang 'anmen, Beijing) for a haircut, and he went to watch it himself. It also shows that sai-jo's condition was not serious at that time. So, how did sai-jo die? According to Wang Xi's Chronicle of Wenjing Wang's Collection, "I was called to Yangxintang and told that I couldn't afford acne." Zhang Chen's "Qing Wang Zhou Ji" also said: "Tell the people not to fry beans, light lamps and splash water, and they will know that the disease is acne." The two records are completely consistent and can be mutually verified. This clearly tells us that since sai-jo died of smallpox, it is not credible to say that he fled to Wutai Mountain to be a monk.

Third, Yongzheng was stabbed.

There are different opinions about the reasons for the sudden collapse of Sejong Yin Zhen in the Qing Dynasty, and some say that he was stabbed to death, which is specious. Is this statement credible? It's a long story It originated from the case of Ceng Jing and Zhang Xi in the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729). Lv Liuliang, a man in Ceng Jing in the late Ming Dynasty, took it as his duty to keep his eyesight. Because he sent his disciple Zhang Xi to write a letter to Yue Zhongqi, governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, urging him to support his ancestors (Yue Fei). If he fails, he will be imprisoned and exiled to Lv Liuliang. Sejong dealt with it severely, butchered and left good bodies, and left good children in the middle. It was edited and cut at that time. Legend has it that Lv Liuliang has a surviving granddaughter named Lv Siniang, who is the best swordsman of her generation and is determined to avenge her father and mother. Later, she sneaked into the palace and finally stabbed Sejong to death, cut off Sejong's head and escaped with it. According to E Ertai's biography, a busybody said that on the day of Sejong's violent collapse, he still "looked at the DPRK unchanged in the morning and had nothing to suffer". That afternoon, he suddenly called E Ertai into the palace, and the news of Sejong's violent collapse was passed down from generation to generation outside, which had caused a lot of trouble in the city. Hubei immediately "entered the DPRK, the horse was not as good as the saddle, eager to cross the horse, and the tibia was bleeding. I have entered the palace and stayed for three days and three nights. I haven't eaten a meal. " People think that when the world was peaceful and the ruler succeeded to the throne (Li Hong ascended the throne at the age of 25 in the Qing Dynasty), there was nothing serious that made him so frightened. This only shows that the statement that Sejong was stabbed is not unreasonable. Here, it is necessary to distinguish the true story from the hearsay in unofficial history. Lv Liuliang and others are implicated in the case of Ceng Jing and Zhang Xi, which is a true story and the truth of history. But the reference to Lv Liuliang's granddaughter is a legend, not a historical fact. The date of Sejong's death is a fact, but there is no written record, just a legend, which has not been confirmed yet. This is a ... The above biography of E Ertai describes one thing that Hubei was admitted to the imperial court, and it was written vividly, as if it had really happened. But at least there is no such record in official historical records, such as Qing Shi Lu, Qing Shi Zhuan and Qing Shi Draft. Of course, no written record does not mean no; And it has not been confirmed until today, and it is impossible to confirm this; Even if it is a fact that E Ertai rushed to court, it can't prove that Sejong must have been stabbed, because there is no necessary internal connection between them. The second is. Sejong himself is good at Buddhism and Taoism, and "has made many swordsmen". It is said that "he has thirteen brothers". The fact that the emperor and man became brothers may not be credible; However, if you are good at Buddhism and Taoism and make more friends with swordsman, you can make an alchemy and seek immortality. It is also possible to swallow Dan medicine raw for a long time, so that it suddenly collapses. Both Qin Huang and Hanwu have precedents. Third. It is suggested that the Tailing Mausoleum (Yin Zhen's Tomb of Sejong in Qing Dynasty) of the Qing Xiling be excavated to see if Sejong has a head, so as to confirm whether it has been stabbed. Later, because the excavation was too busy, it failed. Of course, Sejong died in 1735, and his bones were cold early. Once excavated, he can get one or two remains, which can be finalized, but the cost is too high, so he has to wait for the future.

Four, civet cats for prince

Refers to the legend that Emperor Sejong of the Qing Dynasty exchanged sons with Chen, a native of Haining. Chen, a native of Haining, Zhejiang Province, was born in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. This figure spread to Chen Zhilin, and fell to the Qing Dynasty in the early Qing Dynasty, and it was the best. Later, Chen Guru, Chen Shuo, Chen Shiguan, Chen Yuanlong and other uncles were all high-ranking officials, rich and extravagant. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Sejong was a prince and was particularly close to Chen Shiguan. It happened that the two families each had a son, and the year, month, day and time were the same. Sejong was very happy to hear that. He ordered his son to enter the palace, and after a long time, he sent it back. Chen found that it was not his own boy who was returned. It was easy for him to be a woman. Chen Guren was shocked, but he was afraid to say it, so he had to keep it a secret. The emperor tasted the southern tour to Haining, when

I'm going to the Chen family the next day. I'm going to the church to inquire about my family background. Will be out, to the door, life off, and told that in the future, unless the emperor's blessing, this door can not be opened again. So after that, the door of the Chen family was closed forever and never opened again. It is also said that the Qing emperor had doubts about his life experience, so he made a southern tour of the Chen family and wanted to know for himself. These legends prevailed in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, the revolution was at its peak, and the emperor of the Qing Dynasty was extremely ugly. It is necessary to analyze hearsay, say each word, and mix the truth with the truth. It is a fact that the Chen family in Haining, such as Chen Shuo, Chen Shiguan and Chen Yuanlong, are uncles and very important officials. It is also true that Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty visited the Chen family in his southern tour. According to the system of Qing dynasty, the door of the house visited by the emperor must be closed and it is forbidden to open it again. However, due to these historical facts, it cannot be said that Sejong and Chen Shiguan in the Qing Dynasty exchanged women for children. In the Qing dynasty, the children of the standard-bearer had to report to the Dutong yamen, and the children of the imperial clan had to report to the Zongren mansion. The customization is very detailed. Besides, in the Forbidden City, the access control is strict, how can you take your children out of the palace casually? Obviously, these were all fabricated by the Han people in the revolutionary tide in the late Qing Dynasty.

There are the most shocking versions, such as Yang Naiwu cabbage case, Yang Yuelou case, Taiyuan strange case, Wenxiang Zhang thorn horse case. They are collectively referred to as the four mysterious cases in the late Qing Dynasty. I think the standards of the two versions are different, one is court politics, the other is folk, and they are both credible.

Interviewee: Li Jiasi-Great Magician 13 Grade 7- 18 18:27

The so-called "Four Mysteries of the Qing Palace" refers to "the Queen Mother got married", "Shunzhi became a monk", "Yongzheng was stabbed" and "civet cats were exchanged for princes".

First, the Queen Mother got married.

The Queen Mother married the Regent. Empress Dowager Cixi refers to the concubine of Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty and the biological mother of Fu Lin, the ancestor of the Qing Dynasty. She died in the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), and was posthumously named the queen of Xiaozhuangwen. Regent refers to Prince Dorset of Regent Rui. Empress Xiaozhuangwen is Dourgen's brother-in-law, brother-in-law and daughter-in-law. According to the moral concept of the Han people, it is disgraceful and uncivilized. In the Qing dynasty, there was no secret, but there was no requirement for it to be recorded in writing. However, Cang Shui Shi Hua, which was published only in the late Qing Dynasty, has a saying: "Those who live long are called marriages, and Cining Palace is full of rotten doors; Yesterday, a new instrument was put into the spring palace, and a gift was prepared for the queen mother's marriage, which meant that the queen mother got married. The poet Zhang Huangyan was born in the early Qing Dynasty. At the same time as dourgen, what he said is true. According to the records of Korea's Li Dynasty, in February of the 27th year of Renzu (1649, the 6th year of Qing Shunzhi), it was also recorded that the word "uncle" was changed to "Tai Shang Huang", which indirectly revealed that Dourgen called Tai Shang Huang "Tai Shang Huang", which was symmetrical with the Empress Dowager. What's more, Dourgen's name was changed to "Emperor Tai Shang", which was clearly recorded not only in Qing Shi Lu and Jiang Dong Hua Lu, but also in many files and proclamations that have been circulated since then. When writing about the emperor, write the Regent together, above the Regent, or with the title "Uncle of the Emperor" or "Father of the Emperor". Let's not forget another fact: although the social nature of Manchukuo was rapidly transformed from slavery to feudalism before entering the customs, it is not surprising that the backward customs of Nuzhen long ago, such as the remnants of group marriage of some brothers, wives and granddaughters, continued until the early days of entering the customs. Then, the fact that the Queen Mother got married can be taken for granted.

Second, Shunzhi became a monk

In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), the imperial concubine Dong Eshi died on August 19th. Fu Lin, the sai-jo, grieved and retired for five days. Immediately, it was ordered to be crowned queen. Dong Eshi is just an imperial concubine. Why do you want to add posthumous title to be the queen? Some people take it for granted that this concubine is Dong Xiaowan, a lucky man who ventured across the border in the late Ming Dynasty. When the Qing army entered the customs, she was taken to the capital, then entered the palace, was given the surname of Dong Eshi, and was later named the imperial concubine. Who knows that after Dong Shi entered the palace, he died without life. But for Dong Guifei, Sai-jo is the favorite of the Sixth Palace, unparalleled. She is a poor woman who makes sai-jo unhappy all day. A few months later, he abandoned the emperor and fled to Wutai Mountain in Shanxi, cut his hair and put on a cloak, and converted to the pure land. The above is the origin of Shunzhi becoming a monk, passed down from generation to generation. Is that really the case? First of all, we must admit that Fu Lin, the founder of the Qing Dynasty, was a good Buddha, and there were also Zen Master Mu Chen and Wang Xiuer of Yu Lin in the palace, all of whom respected him. Sai-jo Zhang Zhongyou has the titles of "Hidden Taoist", "Lazy Weng" and "Taoist Madness", and he also gave Mu Chen an imperial edict that "I hope the old monk will treat me like a son of heaven and treat me like a door". It is a fact that sai-jo believed in Buddhism, and no one can deny it. Secondly, it should be said that a few months before the death of Sai-jo, it was the mourning period of the filial piety queen Dong Eshi. Sai-jo mourned and expressed his feelings, which was a great regret for the world. Therefore, some people think that Sai-jo was tired of the world by mourning, and finally got rid of the dust net and fled into an empty net. Since then, it has been passed down as a story of "Love the Son of Heaven through the ages". This is inconsistent with historical facts. Indeed, because the founder was a good Buddha, he did have the idea of asking various dharmas to become monks before his death. But in fact, a few days before his death, he just asked his favorite internal supervisor Wu to go to Benjamin Zhong Temple (now Fayuan Temple in Guang 'anmen, Beijing) for a haircut, and he went to watch it himself. It also shows that sai-jo's condition was not serious at that time. So, how did sai-jo die? According to Wang Xi's Chronicle of Wenjing Wang's Collection, "I was called to Yangxintang and told that I couldn't afford acne." Zhang Chen's "Qing Wang Zhou Ji" also said: "Tell the people not to fry beans, light lamps and splash water, and they will know that the disease is acne." The two records are completely consistent and can be mutually verified. This clearly tells us that since sai-jo died of smallpox, it is not credible to say that he fled to Wutai Mountain to be a monk.

Third, Yongzheng was stabbed.

There are different opinions about the reasons for the sudden collapse of Sejong Yin Zhen in the Qing Dynasty, and some say that he was stabbed to death, which is specious. Is this statement credible? It's a long story It originated from the case of Ceng Jing and Zhang Xi in the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729). Lv Liuliang, a man in Ceng Jing in the late Ming Dynasty, took it as his duty to keep his eyesight. Because he sent his disciple Zhang Xi to write a letter to Yue Zhongqi, governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, urging him to support his ancestors (Yue Fei). If he fails, he will be imprisoned and exiled to Lv Liuliang. Sejong dealt with it severely, butchered and left good bodies, and left good children in the middle. It was edited and cut at that time. Legend has it that Lv Liuliang has a surviving granddaughter named Lv Siniang, who is the best swordsman of her generation and is determined to avenge her father and mother. Later, she sneaked into the palace and finally stabbed Sejong to death, cut off Sejong's head and escaped with it. According to E Ertai's biography, a busybody said that on the day of Sejong's violent collapse, he still "looked at the DPRK unchanged in the morning and had nothing to suffer". That afternoon, he suddenly called E Ertai into the palace, and the news of Sejong's violent collapse was passed down from generation to generation outside, which had caused a lot of trouble in the city. Hubei immediately "entered the DPRK, the horse was not as good as the saddle, eager to cross the horse, and the tibia was bleeding. I have entered the palace and stayed for three days and three nights. I haven't eaten a meal. " People think that when the world was peaceful and the ruler succeeded to the throne (Li Hong ascended the throne at the age of 25 in the Qing Dynasty), there was nothing serious that made him so frightened. This only shows that the statement that Sejong was stabbed is not unreasonable. Here, it is necessary to distinguish the true story from the hearsay in unofficial history. Lv Liuliang and others are implicated in the case of Ceng Jing and Zhang Xi, which is a true story and the truth of history. But the reference to Lv Liuliang's granddaughter is a legend, not a historical fact. The date of Sejong's death is a fact, but there is no written record, just a legend, which has not been confirmed yet. This is a ... The above biography of E Ertai describes one thing that Hubei was admitted to the imperial court, and it was written vividly, as if it had really happened. But at least there is no such record in official historical records, such as Qing Shi Lu, Qing Shi Zhuan and Qing Shi Draft. Of course, no written record does not mean no; And it has not been confirmed until today, and it is impossible to confirm this; Even if it is a fact that E Ertai rushed to court, it can't prove that Sejong must have been stabbed, because there is no necessary internal connection between them. The second is. Sejong himself is good at Buddhism and Taoism, and "has made many swordsmen". It is said that "he has thirteen brothers". The fact that the emperor and man became brothers may not be credible; However, if you are good at Buddhism and Taoism and make more friends with swordsman, you can make an alchemy and seek immortality. It is also possible to swallow Dan medicine raw for a long time, so that it suddenly collapses. Both Qin Huang and Hanwu have precedents. Third. It is suggested that the Tailing Mausoleum (Yin Zhen's Tomb of Sejong in Qing Dynasty) of the Qing Xiling be excavated to see if Sejong has a head, so as to confirm whether it has been stabbed. Later, because the excavation was too busy, it failed. Of course, Sejong died in 1735, and his bones were cold early. Once excavated, he can get one or two remains, which can be finalized, but the cost is too high, so he has to wait for the future.

Four, civet cats for prince

Refers to the legend that Emperor Sejong of the Qing Dynasty exchanged sons with Chen, a native of Haining. Chen, a native of Haining, Zhejiang Province, was born in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. This figure spread to Chen Zhilin, and fell to the Qing Dynasty in the early Qing Dynasty, and it was the best. Later, Chen Guru, Chen Shuo, Chen Shiguan, Chen Yuanlong and other uncles were all high-ranking officials, rich and extravagant. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Sejong was a prince and was particularly close to Chen Shiguan. It happened that the two families each had a son, and the year, month, day and time were the same. Sejong was very happy to hear that. He ordered his son to enter the palace, and after a long time, he sent it back. Chen found that it was not his own boy who was returned. It was easy for him to be a woman. Chen Guren was shocked, but he was afraid to say it, so he had to keep it a secret. The emperor tasted the southern tour to Haining, when

I'm going to the Chen family the next day. I'm going to the church to inquire about my family background. Will be out, to the door, life off, and told that in the future, unless the emperor's blessing, this door can not be opened again. So after that, the door of the Chen family was closed forever and never opened again. It is also said that the Qing emperor had doubts about his life experience, so he visited the Chen family in the south and wanted to know for himself. These legends prevailed in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, the revolution was at its peak, and the emperor of the Qing Dynasty was extremely ugly. It is necessary to analyze hearsay, say each word, and mix the truth with the truth. It is a fact that the Chen family in Haining, such as Chen Shuo, Chen Shiguan and Chen Yuanlong, are uncles and very important officials. It is also true that Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty visited the Chen family in his southern tour. According to the system of Qing dynasty, the door of the house visited by the emperor must be closed and it is forbidden to open it again. However, due to these historical facts, it cannot be said that Sejong and Chen Shiguan in the Qing Dynasty exchanged women for children. In the Qing dynasty, the children of the standard-bearer had to report to the Dutong yamen, and the children of the imperial clan had to report to the Zongren mansion. The customization is very detailed. Besides, in the Forbidden City, the access control is strict, how can you take your children out of the palace casually? Obviously, all these were fabricated by the Han people out of thin air during the revolutionary wave in the late Qing Dynasty.