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1, the development history of military drones 2, weapons knowledge: how did Israel become a powerful military drone country in the world 3, what is the most powerful weapon of China Air Force? What is the world ranking? The development history of military drones The birth of drones can be traced back to 19 14. At that time, World War I was in full swing. Two British generals, Kader and Petrel, put forward a proposal to the British Military Aviation Society: to develop a small unmanned plane controlled by radio so that it can fly over an enemy target area and drop bombs previously installed on the small plane. This bold idea was immediately appreciated by Sir Dai Henderson, then chairman of the British Military Aviation Society. He appointed a team led by Professor Luo Yongxiang to conduct research and development.

The original development was carried out in a place called Brooklyn. For the sake of confidentiality, the plan was named "AT Plan". After many experiments, the research team first developed a radio remote control device. Aircraft designer Jeffrey Sir Geoffrey de Havilland designed a small monoplane. The development team installed a radio remote control device on the small plane, but did not install a bomb. 1917 In March, at the end of World War I, the world's first unmanned aerial vehicle made its first flight test at the Royal Flight Training School. However, shortly after the plane took off, the engine suddenly shut down and the plane crashed due to stall. Soon after, the development team developed a second drone for testing. The plane flew smoothly for some time under the control of radio. Just as everyone was happily celebrating the success of the experiment, the engine of this small plane suddenly stopped. The drone that lost power plunged into the crowd.

The failure of two experiments made the research team feel very depressed, and the "AT Plan" came to an end. However, Professor Luo Kangrui did not lose heart and continued to develop this drone. Many things happen. 10 years later, he finally succeeded. 1927, the "throat" single-wing UAV developed by Professor A.M. Lowe was successfully tested on the British navy warship "Fortress". The plane carried a 1 13 kg bomb and flew 480 kilometers at a speed of 322 kilometers per hour. The advent of the "Throat" UAV caused a great sensation in the world at that time.

Almost at the same time, the Royal Air Force also developed several UAVs for different purposes, including aerial drones controlled by gyroscopes, UAVs controlled by radio and capable of throwing torpedoes, and even began to develop unmanned attack aircraft. However, after repeated experiments, the Royal Air Force finally decided to build a drone controlled by a gyroscope. This drone can be used as both a drone and a bomb. Later, the Royal Air Force improved the UAV, using a pre-programmed radio remote control device and installing a high-power engine, which increased the speed of the UAV to 365,438+00 kilometers per hour. The Royal Air Force has manufactured 65,438+02 unmanned aerial vehicles named Larch, which are also equipped with artillery and successfully launched from warships and ground bases. With the gradual maturity of UAV technology, in the 1930s, the British government decided to develop an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to check the attack effect of artillery on battleships on unmanned aircraft. 1933 65438+ 10, the flight test of the "Ferrer Kunth" UAV modified from the "Ferrer" seaplane was successful. Shortly thereafter, Britain developed an all-wood-structure two-wing unmanned aerial vehicle, named "Sir Geoffrey de Havilland Moth". In 1934 ~ 1943, Britain produced 420 such drones and renamed them "queen bee".

Britain is ahead of other countries in the research and development of unmanned aerial vehicles, and the United States is also close behind. As early as 19 15, sperry and Delcaux in the United States had already developed the first unmanned aerial vehicle. The total weight of this drone is only 272kg, and it is powered by 1 30kW piston engine. It is installed on a four-wheeled vehicle with sliding rails on the grass. After the plane starts, drive the pulley to slide on the slide rail. After reaching a certain speed, the plane will leave the slide rail and fly to the sky, and then the flight direction will be controlled by a simple gyro device, and the flight height will be automatically controlled by a bellows barometer. 19 15 years, this drone named "air torpedo" not only successfully carried out the flight test, but also successfully carried out the target attack test with 136 kg of explosives.

Shortly thereafter, Charles F. Kettering of the U.S. Army developed another drone and named it "Kettering Flying Insect". This plane is very similar to an ordinary biplane, with a total weight of 238.5 kilograms, carrying 82 kilograms of bombs and flying at a speed of 88 kilometers per hour. 19 18 In September, the US Army began the test flight of "Kettering Flying Insect", which was finally sent into the sky on 10/22.

In 1930s, an American aviation expert named Reginald Delhi developed a radio remote control machine for the American army. 1939, the United States developed an upper monoplane UAV named RP-4.

194 1 year, the pearl harbor incident broke out. Due to the needs of the war, the US Army and Navy began to order a large number of UAVs, including 984 OQ-2A UAVs, 9,403 OQ-3 UAVs and 3,548 OQ- 13 UAVs. The latter two UAVs are equipped with high-powered engines, with a flying speed of 225 kilometers per hour and a flying height of 3,000 meters.

In World War II, the US Army Air Force used a large number of unmanned aerial vehicles, and used piston-engine unmanned aerial vehicles with heavy bombs to bomb Japanese targets in the Pacific battlefield. During the war, the US military also planned to convert the scrapped B- 17 and B-24 bombers into remote-controlled bombers carrying bombs. The pilot first drove the remote-controlled bomber to the seaside, then parachuted, and the remote-controlled bomber continued to fly under the remote control of the radio until it attacked the target. Unfortunately, due to the huge amount of funds needed and the complicated control technology, the US military finally gave up this development plan. During this period, the US Navy also developed three types of jet drones, which were named as "Globo", "Fogen" and "Gagler", but for various reasons, they were not formally equipped with troops.

After World War II, with the rapid development of aviation technology, the UAV family has gradually entered its heyday. Today, nearly 100 kinds of UAVs have been developed and produced in the world, and some new models are under development. With the development of computer technology, autopilot technology, remote control and telemetry technology and their application in UAV, as well as the in-depth study of UAV tactics, UAV is increasingly widely used in the military, and is known as "air generalist" and "air pride".

A drone named Falcon HTV-2 can fly at 20 times the speed of sound. It is estimated that it takes less than 65,438+02 minutes to get from new york to LA at this speed, while a normal flight takes at least 5 hours. A drone named "Falcon HTV-2" came out, which can fly at 20 times the speed of sound.

Falcon HTV-2 will be launched by a rocket and then taxied to the ground at the speed of 13000 miles per hour. The previous test flight lasted only 9 minutes, and finally landed safely by intentional collision due to technical difficulties.

The current test flight is very successful, refreshing a new suborbital space flight and preparing for a new generation of special weapons. If the weather conditions are good, Falcon HTV-2 will be launched by the Air Force Minotaur IV rocket in vandenberg air force base, California on August 1 1. It is reported that the launch was originally scheduled for August 10.

Falcon HTV-2 will be separated from the rocket after being sent into the sky by the rocket, and then return to Earth at supersonic speed. It is estimated that the time from new york to Los Angeles is less than 65,438+02 minutes, while a normal flight takes at least 5 hours. This project was jointly developed by the Pentagon and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). It is also part of the plan to develop a new generation of hypersonic weapons, which can attack faster than rockets. The U.S. military hopes that this new drone can strike terrorists or exiled governments anywhere in the world within 1 hour. This attack capability is called "Conventional Timing Global Strike System (CPGS)".

During the first test flight in April, 20 10, the engineers of the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the US Department of Defense did not find any problems accurately. Some people speculate that the temperature of the plane may be too high when flying. For the second test task, a series of adjustments were made, including changing the center of gravity and reducing the descending angle.

David Neilan, director of the Planning and Tactics Office of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, said: "We will focus on overcoming some challenges, such as sustained hypersonic missions. We need to improve our technical knowledge to promote the development of hypersonic technology in the future. We got valuable information from the first flight and made some adjustments according to the investigation results of the Engineering Audit Committee, which will help improve the second flight test. At present, we are ready to go all out to conduct this test. "

Weapons knowledge: How did Israel become a world military drone power? Today's Israeli Air Force has not only become the country with the largest number of manned fighters in western countries after the US Air Force, but also is far ahead in the "UAV revolution".

Israel's "UAV Revolution" originated from the "war of attrition" of Suez Canal launched by Israel in 1969. At that time, Israeli air force fighters were intercepted by Soviet air defense missiles equipped by the Egyptian army, and the losses were extremely heavy. To this end, Israel purchased a number of "Firebee" drones from the United States as bait drones. When the "Firebee" was discovered, the Egyptian Army air defense missile immediately opened fire on the drone. At this time, the Israeli air force fighters stranded in the air immediately launched air-to-ground missiles and carried out effective air strikes against the Egyptian army's air defense missile positions exposed in advance.

RQ-5A Hunter UAV jointly developed by the United States and Israel

The "Firebee" drone is expensive, bulky and bulky. 1974, two young engineers, Captain Yeguda ·Maz and Captain Owen Ellis, who had served in the UAV Battalion of the Israeli Air Force, retired and formed AIRMECO Company in partnership. In 1974, Maz and Ellis completed the assembly of the first "Fierce Dog" light tactical drone in their garage. Subsequently, the "Police Dog" and "Boy Scout" light tactical drones became the first batch of light tactical drones sought after by the armies of all countries in the world.

/KOOC-0/98/KOOC-0/May/KOOC-0/4, the Scout UAV of the Israeli Air Force was intercepted by the MIG-2/KOOC-0 fighter plane of the Syrian Air Force. In the process of chasing the Boy Scout UAV, the pilots of the Syrian Air Force MIG-2/KLOC-0 fighter failed to control the fighter and rushed directly to the ground to destroy people, while the Boy Scout UAV returned to the base unscathed.

The Israeli Air Force UAV should be baptized in the "Garbage 19" campaign, and only then can Israelis truly understand the indispensable role of military UAVs in modern warfare.

Russia used the license and production equipment of Israel Aircraft Industry Company's Searcher 2 unmanned reconnaissance aircraft system to assemble the "outpost" unmanned reconnaissance aircraft system.

In June, 1982, the largest air battle since World War II was launched over Lebanon. At the same time, the Israeli air force successfully used drones for the first time, destroying the air defense system of the Lebanese army in one fell swoop. In the first four hours of the campaign, the Israeli Air Force used all reconnaissance forces, such as radio monitoring, radar, air tactical reconnaissance aircraft, early warning aircraft and AQM-34, Bulldog and Boy Scout tactical drones, to scout the deployment of Lebanese and Syrian troops. Deceive the enemy's air defense system radar on. Subsequently, the Israeli air force fighters carried out precise strikes on these exposed ground air defense missile positions.

The successful application of Israel Air Force UAV in the "Cramp 19" campaign was like a tonic, which promoted the rapid development of Israel UAV. After the Middle East War, Israel's Ministry of Defense began to spend huge sums of money to develop military drones. In the 1980s and 1990s, Israel's UAV manufacturing industry showed an upward trend. Israel's aviation manufacturing companies that develop drones have mushroomed. At the same time, the termination of the Lion fighter's new fighter plan has had a certain impact on the rapid development of Israeli drones. Under the pressure of American government, Israel was forced to stop the development of 1987 "Lion" fighter. However, the transfer of Israeli aircraft designers to the UAV manufacturing industry has greatly promoted the development of Israeli UAVs. Today, the Israeli Air Force is equipped with a full range of military drones, from the "Ghost" light tactical drone weighing 4 kilograms to the "Etan" long-endurance strategic drone weighing 4 tons. "Aitan" long-endurance strategic UAV.

While developing long-endurance strategic UAVs, Israeli UAV designers attach great importance to developing short-range tactical UAVs. At present, the Israeli army is equipped with "Ghost", "Lark" and "Seagull" light tactical drones. From July 2065438 to July 2004, in the operation in Gaza, Skylark and Seagull light tactical drones created the case of cooperation with tanks and infantry for the first time.

Eitan is one of the largest unmanned aerial vehicles in the world and is currently equipped by the Israeli Air Force.

In the process of developing unmanned aerial vehicles, Israel attaches great importance to the integration of national defense and civilian technology of unmanned aerial vehicles. Israel is the first country in the world to use drones to rescue victims. 20 16 12, Israel advanced program company developed the SunSpark solar drone verification machine.

Major General Govert Shaham, director of the Research Office of the Israeli Defense Ministry, pointed out: "Today, the world is still in the early stage of the UAV revolution. This revolution will completely change the role and position of mankind in war and daily life. " Israeli experts believe that 76 countries have joined this "drone competition". By 2020, military drones will account for more than one-third of global military aviation.

The Harrop reconnaissance drone sold by Israel to the Arthur Bajiang Air Force was born out of the famous Habib anti-radiation drone.

When summarizing and analyzing the reasons why Israel has made such brilliant achievements in the field of UAV development, Major General Shaham summarized the following three points: First, Israel contains a large number of UAV development talents and innovative talents. Secondly, in previous wars and military conflicts, the Israeli army has accumulated practical experience and lessons on both sides of drones. Third, the complicated political and geopolitical relations around it often force this "small country" in the Middle East to get involved in military conflicts. At present, 80% of UAVs produced in Israel are exported to more than 50 countries around the world. A group of huge UAV innovation enterprises funded by Israel will lead the development trend of UAVs in the world and become the golden key to open the door to the development of military UAVs in the future 10.

What is the most powerful weapon of China Air Force? What is the world ranking? With the rapid development of economic strength, China has gradually grown into an air force power. China's aviation industry is undergoing changes in organizational structure, operation mode and production capacity, and has begun to manufacture aviation weapon systems close to the world level. In recent years, there are more and more good news from China Air Force-the service of J -20 and Yun -20, the research and development of new aero-engines, the rise of various unmanned aerial vehicles, and the H-20 that has not yet met the world, but is enough for people to look forward to.

There are still a large number of old fighters in service in China, including J-7 series, J-8 series and J-7 series. These fighters are being retired, so the demand for new fighters in China is still huge in the future, including J-10C, J-16, J-15 and J -20.

At present, there is no gap between China Air Force and US Air Force in quality, but there are three main gaps in quantity: the gap between the first generation and the fifth generation aircraft. The second is the gap in the number of auxiliary combat aircraft such as bombers, tankers and early warning aircraft. Third, the gap in the number of all combatants. Because 40% of the fighters of the U.S. imperialists are still distributed in the navy, marine corps and army. Moreover, the number of fighters in our navy is even smaller, and the Marine Corps and the Army are not equipped at all. But we also have three advantages: first, the fighter is new. The average age of the main fighters is only about 10 years old, while the average age of the main fighters of the US imperialists has reached 25 years old. Second, technology is progressing rapidly. In the past, the gap was one generation, but now there is no generation gap. The overall technologies such as four and a half generations, five generations of aircraft and early warning aircraft are still slightly ahead. Third, the air defense force is far stronger than the US imperialists. China's national air defense capability is estimated to be nearly 10 times that of the US imperialists, and its technology is not weaker than that of the US imperialists.

The biggest gap between the Chinese and American air forces is mainly in large transport planes, strategic bombers and large tankers, and this third area is more used to support the Air Force to carry out long-range large-scale offensive operations. The positioning of the US Air Force is global attack, while the positioning of the China Air Force is national air defense.

Before Yun -20 transport aircraft was put into use, China could only buy second-hand Il -76 transport aircraft from the military trade market, and the number of large transport aircraft in the whole army was only about 20. However, since the Yun -20 transport plane was put into use, this situation has eased a lot. At present, dozens of Yun -20 transport planes have been officially put into service.