Who is Zhu Ziqing?

Zhu Ziqing was diligent all his life, with 27 kinds of poems, essays, reviews and academic research works, with more than two million words. Most of them were collected in the four volumes of Collected Works of Zhu Ziqing published by Kaiming Bookstore in 1953. In 1988, Jiangsu Education Publishing House collected and sorted out Zhu Ziqing's works again, and published six volumes of The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing. Although Zhu Ziqing began to write new poems after the May 4th Movement, the Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Paddles and Lights published in 1923 showed his talent in prose creation. From then on, he devoted himself to prose creation and made remarkable achievements. The collection of essays "Back" published in 1928 made Zhu Ziqing a famous prose writer at that time.

Zhu Ziqing's prose is mainly narrative and lyrical essays. The theme of his works can be divided into three series: first, a group of essays with the main content of writing about social life and attacking the dark reality. The representative works are The Price of Life-Seventy cents, White People-God's Favorite, and The Massacre of Executive Government. The second is a group of essays represented by The Back, Children, Mourning for the Dead Woman and Spring, which mainly describe personal and family life, show the human relationship between father and son, husband and wife and friends, and have a strong human touch. Thirdly, a group of lyrical sketches based on natural scenery, such as Green, Qinhuai River in the shadow of oars and lights, and Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, are their representative works, which accompany generations of people's joys and sorrows. The latter two kinds of essays are the best written by Zhu Ziqing, among which "The Back" and "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond" are well-known masterpieces. His prose is simple and meticulous, clear and gloomy, famous for its refined language and beautiful writing, and full of true feelings.

His landscape prose occupies an important position in the prose creation of modern literature, and his use of vernacular Chinese to describe the landscape is the most attractive. For example, in "Green", the quality and color of plum rain pool Waterfall are delicately and deeply drawn by means of metaphor and contrast, and the writing is deliberately demanding, showing the superb skills of controlling the language and writing.

His consummate skill in writing is even more vivid in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond. For example, when describing the beauty of lotus in the moonlight, the author compares it to a pearl, a star in a blue sky and a beauty out of the bath; When describing the faint fragrance of lotus, the phrase "like a faint song floating from a distant building" is used, which compares the fragrance with singing and the lightness of fragrance with faintness. This synaesthesia technique is accurate and wonderful.

Zhu Ziqing has another language style of prose, that is, expressing sincere and deep feelings in simple narration in plain language. This kind of works can often show the author's integrity, enthusiasm and progressive heart, such as The Price of Life-7 cents, White People-God's Favorite! All of them are masterpieces of this style, and the most influential one is Back. This essay washes away his old lead, and through his father's every move, the reader seems to see the author's bleak family and his father's deep love for his son. Li Guangtian said in the article "The Most Complete Personality": "The number of lines in the back is less than 5 lines, and the number of words is only 1,5 words ... Because this short passage was selected as a Chinese textbook for middle school students, in the eyes of middle school students, the word' Zhu Ziqing' has become an inseparable whole with the back." What is said here is the situation before liberation. As for the post-liberation, fewer people chose "The Back", while the article "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond" has been selected as a teaching material and recited by college and middle school students because of its beautiful writing style.

why is Zhu ziqing's prose so admired? Mainly because his prose has the character of truth, goodness and beauty. Truth means that the content is true and the feelings are sincere. Goodness means that the thoughts and feelings expressed in the works are progressive, and the author's right and wrong are consistent with the broad masses of the people. Beauty, of course, includes many aspects, and what is beyond the reach of general prose works is that its language is beautiful and full of charm, which is as clear and smooth as a stream and as sweet and chewy as an olive. How does Zhu Ziqing pursue truth, goodness and beauty in his prose creation? Judging from the content, Zhu Ziqing wrote all his personal experiences. Not only the big things are well-founded, but also a detail, and strive to be true and accurate. He can't tolerate anything untrue in his prose. There is such a thing: there is a sentence in his Moonlight on the Lotus Pond: "The most lively things at this time are the cicadas in the trees and the frogs in the water." Later, a reader wrote to tell him that cicadas don't bark at night. Zhu Ziqing felt that he did hear cicadas that night, but to be on the safe side, he asked several people and wrote to an entomologist for advice. As a result, everyone thinks that cicadas don't bark at night, but only occasionally. Zhu Ziqing therefore suspected that he was mistaken, and was going to delete the sentence of cicada barking when the prose collection "Back" was reprinted. However, later, he heard the cicadas on the moonlit night twice with his own eyes, and he didn't believe that he had written it wrong, and most people didn't know the cicadas on the moonlit night accurately. For this reason, he wrote an article explaining that it is not easy to observe things. It can be seen from this incident that Zhu Ziqing's attitude towards the authenticity of writing content is so serious.

The sincerity of feelings in Zhu Ziqing's prose is well-known. His "The Back" and "For the Dead Woman" are called "the first-class love literature between heaven and earth". In the faint pen and ink, there is a deep feeling, without any affectation, but with touching power. He wrote in On Realism and Picturesque, On Slogans and Slogans, Zhong Ming < A record of nausea and bitterness > Preface and other articles, emphasize "truth" and "nature", emphasize "rhetoric is sincere", and emphasize that "propaganda and writing cannot be short of ... sincere attitude". It is this "sincere attitude" that makes him pour his true feelings between the lines. And this kind of emotion, which is revealed from the depths of the heart, is more likely to cause readers to sing. Zhu Ziqing embarked on the road of literature and was famous for his poems at first. He published a long poem "Destruction" and some short poems, which were included in Snow Dynasty and Traces. Since the mid-192s, he has devoted himself to the creation of prose, including the collection of essays "The Back", "Miscellaneous Notes on Europe", "You and Me", "Miscellaneous Notes on London" and the collection of essays "Standards and Metrics" and "Appreciation of Elegance and Custom". His essays include landscape writing, travel notes, lyric writing and essays. First of all, he wrote beautiful scenery with meticulous and beautiful "Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Paddle Lights" and "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond", which showed the achievements of vernacular literature; Following the sentimental works such as The Back, Children, For the Dead Wife, he set up a model of "conversation style" prose with rich literature and nature. Finally, the poet, the scholar and the fighter are unified by the mixed feelings with subtle words and interesting reasons. He has contributed to the construction of modern prose style which is simple, lyrical and natural.

As a scholar, he has made great achievements in poetry theory, classical literature, the history of new literature and Chinese education. His works include Miscellaneous Comments on New Poetry, Argumentation on Poetry's Expression and Intention, Regular Talks on Classics, Chinese Teaching (co-authored with Ye Shengtao) and the handout Outline of China's New Literature Research. His writings are included in The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (Jiangsu Education Press).

[ Edit this paragraph] Collection of Works

Snow Dynasty (Collection of Poetry) was published in 1922. Business

Back (Collection of Prose) was published in 1928. Enlightened

Traces (Collection of Poetry and Prose) was published in 1929. Yadong Library

Miscellanies on European Tour (Collection of Prose) was published in 1934. Business

London Miscellaneous Notes (Prose Collection) was published in 1943, Enlightened

Chinese Teaching (Essay Collection) was published in 1945, Enlightened

Classic Talk (Essay Collection) was published in 1946, and Wenguang

Poems, Words and Ambitions (Poetics) was published in 1947. The standards and yardsticks (essays) published by writers' house

were published in 1948, Wen Guang

The Collection of Chinese Words (essays) was published in 1948, and The Appreciation of Elegance and Custom (essays) published by Mingshan House

was published in 1948, and the Collected Works of Zhu Ziqing (essays) published by Observatory

. Enlightened

Selected Works of Zhu Ziqing's Classical Literature (Volume I) was published in 1981, the ancient book

Book Review of Zhu Ziqing's Preface and Postscript (Collection of Essays) was published in 1983, Sanlian

Selected Works of Zhu Ziqing was published in 1986, and Baihua

Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing (1-3 volumes Jiangsu education (incomplete)

Zhu Ziqing's prose collection:

1 In a hurry

2 Singing songs

3 Qinhuai River in the shadow of oars

4 Traces of Wenzhou

5 Back

6 Civilization of Ships

. Plum blossom > Postscript

1 White Man-God's Favourite

11 Huaiwei holds a young gentleman

12 Ahe

13 Children

14 Mourning for Wei Jiesan

15 Travel Miscellanies

16 Wandering. 21 "Spring"

22 "Green"

"Hurriedly" Zhu Ziqing (selected as the sixth-grade textbook of People's Publishing House's Experimental People's Education Edition)

"Spring" Zhu Ziqing (selected as the Chinese textbook for Grade One in People's Education Edition and the Chinese textbook for Grade Six in Zhejiang Education Edition)

Looking forward to, looking forward to, the east wind is coming.

Everything looks like I just woke up, and I opened my eyes with joy. The mountains are moist, the water is rising, and the sun is blushing.

The grass crept out of the ground, tender and green. In the garden, in the field, look, there are a lot of them. Sit, lie down, play two rolls, kick a few balls, race a few times, and catch a few times. The wind is quiet and the grass is soft.

Peach trees, apricot trees and pear trees, you won't let me, and I won't let you. They are all in full bloom. Red is like fire, pink is like chardonnay and white is like snow. The flowers are sweet; When I closed my eyes, the tree seemed to be full of peaches, Xinger and pears. Hundreds of bees are buzzing under the flowers, and butterflies of different sizes are flying around. Wildflowers are everywhere: miscellaneous, named, unnamed, scattered in the grass like eyes like stars, still blinking.

"Blowing the willow breeze without chilling" is good, like a mother's hand touching you. The wind smells of newly turned earth, mixed with the smell of grass and the fragrance of various flowers, all brewing in the slightly moist air. Birds nest in the flowers and leaves, and they are happy. calling friends shows off her crisp voice and sings tactfully, which is in harmony with the cool breeze and flowing water. The piccolo of the shepherd boy on the cow's back is ringing all day at this time.

rain is the most common, and it lasts for three or two days. Don't be annoyed. Look, it's like ox hair, like a flower needle, like a filament, densely woven diagonally, and there is a thin layer of smoke on the roof. The leaves are bright green, and the grass is green enough to force your eyes. In the evening, the lights were turned on, and a little yellow light set off a quiet and peaceful night. In the countryside, on the small roads and by the stone bridges, there are people walking slowly with umbrellas, and there are working farmers in the fields, wearing shriveled hats. Their houses are sparse and silent in the rain.

There are more kites in the sky and more children on the ground. Every family, old and young, in the city and countryside, came out one by one. Relax your muscles and bones, be full of energy, and do your own thing. "A year's plan lies in spring", just beginning, some are kung fu, some are hope.

Spring is like a newly born doll. It is new from head to toe, and it grows.

spring is like a little girl, beautifully dressed and walking with a smile.

Spring is like a strong young man with iron arms, waist and feet, leading us forward.

Back

Zhu Ziqing

I haven't seen my father for more than two years. What I can't forget most is his back.

That winter, my grandmother died, and my father was relieved of his job. It was a day when it never rains but it pours. I went from Beijing to Xuzhou, and I plan to go home with my father. When I went to Xuzhou to see my father, I saw the messy things in the courtyard and thought of my grandmother. I couldn't help but shed tears. Father said: "It's so, don't be sad, but God never shuts one door but he opens another!" "

when I went home to sell the pledge, my father paid the deficit; Borrowed money for the funeral again. These days, the situation at home is very bleak, half for funeral and half for father's leisure. After the funeral, my father will go to Nanjing for a job, and I will go back to Beijing to study, so we will go together.

When I arrived in Nanjing, a friend made an appointment to go sightseeing and stayed for one day. The next morning, you have to cross the river to Pukou and get on the bus to go north in the afternoon. Because my father was busy, he had already decided not to see me off, and asked a familiar waiter in the hotel to accompany me. He repeatedly told the waiter, very carefully. But he was finally worried that the waiter would be inappropriate; I hesitated for a while. In fact, I was twenty years old that year, and I have been to and from Beijing two or three times, so it doesn't matter. He hesitated for a while, and finally decided to take me there himself. I advised him not to go; He just said, "Never mind, they can't go well!"

we crossed the river and entered the station. I bought the ticket, and he was busy looking after the luggage. There is too much luggage, so you have to tip the porter before you can go there. He was busy bargaining with them again. I was really smart at that time, and I always thought that his speech was not beautiful and I had to interrupt myself, but he finally settled the price; Just walk me to the car. He selected a chair near the door for me; I spread the purple coat he made for me and sat down. He told me to be careful on the road, to be alert at night and not to catch cold. And asked the waiter to take good care of me. I laughed at his pedantry in my heart; They only know money, and they are just asking for nothing! And can't a man of my age take care of himself? Well, now that I think about it, it was so clever at that time!

I said, "Dad, you go." He looked out of the car and said, "I'll buy some oranges." You stay here, don't walk around. " I think there are some vendors waiting for customers outside the fence on the platform over there. To get to the platform over there, you have to cross the railway, jump down and climb up. Father is a fat man, so it is naturally more troublesome to walk there. I was going to go, but he refused, so I had to let him go. I saw him hobbling to the railway side in a small black hat, a big black jacket and a dark blue cotton gown, and slowly leaning down, which was not difficult. But it is not easy for him to climb the platform over there when he crosses the railway. He climbed it with both hands, and his feet shrank up again; His fat body leans slightly to the left, showing signs of hard work. Then I saw his back, and my tears quickly flowed down. I quickly wiped away my tears. I'm afraid he will see it, and I'm afraid others will see it. When I looked out again, he had walked back with the scarlet orange in his arms. When crossing the railway, he first scattered the oranges on the ground, climbed down slowly by himself, and then picked them up and left. When I got here, I hurried to help him. He and I walked to the car, put the orange one.