Complete collection of postal details

Postal service is a communication department managed by the state or directly operated to deliver all kinds of mail (letters or articles), which has the characteristics of communicating with the government, commerce and the people. Postal service is a kind of productive force. For example, "A letter meeting" is a meeting to exchange views, focus on topics and handle affairs by means of the national postal service. On March 2th, 1896, Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty memorialized the imperial script Zhu Pi in "Setting up the Qing Post" and officially approved the establishment of the Qing Post Office, thus China Modern Post was born. Basic introduction Chinese name: postal nature: the characteristics of the communication department that deals in delivering all kinds of mails: General Administration, Trade and People's Establishment Date: March 2, 1896 Postal introduction, modern postal service, postal companies, business data, development history, development course, postal knowledge, postal compensation, prohibited articles, Chinese meaning, postal introduction postal service was a post station in ancient times, setting up a post station for the ancient government of China, using horses, cars and boats. Post Office Modern Post Britain set up postal offices in major cities in the early 19th century, and used stamps as proof of postage paid (delivery fee) to deliver all kinds of mail to the public, which was the beginning of modern post. With the development of society and the expansion of commercial competition, postal companies have been replaced by commercial interests, and commercial interests have gradually become the survival law that postal companies in various countries have to consider, thus operating postal companies. Postal service involves more than business. In the long run, corporatization will inevitably lead to the continuous chaos of postal services in various countries, which will intensify contradictions in other areas of people's livelihood in various countries. Corporate operation should only be a short-term behavior. China Postal Logo Business Data The State Post Bureau announced the operation of the postal industry in September 212. From January to September, the business income of postal enterprises and express delivery service enterprises above designated size (excluding the direct operating income of Postal Savings Bank) totaled 145.59 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 25.1%; The total business volume totaled 144.35 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.7%. In September, the business income of the whole industry was 17.11 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.8%; The total business volume was 17.84 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 32.5%. From January to September, 5.62 billion postal mail services were completed, down 4.4% year-on-year; The parcel business totaled 47.461 million pieces, a year-on-year increase of 1.4%; The newspaper business totaled 14.3 billion copies, up 4.9% year-on-year; Magazine business completed a total of 86 million copies, a year-on-year increase of 6.%; A total of 17 million foreign exchange transactions were completed, down 11.9% year-on-year. From January to September, the business volume of express delivery service enterprises above designated size nationwide totaled 3.83 billion pieces, a year-on-year increase of 52.3%; Business income totaled 73.81 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 38.9%. Among them, the business income in the same city totaled 7.72 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 65.1%; The revenue from off-site business totaled 44.22 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 43.9%; International, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan business income totaled 14.95 billion yuan, up 1.2% year-on-year. In September, the express delivery business volume was 51 million pieces, a year-on-year increase of 58.2%; Business income reached 9.7 billion yuan, up 36.7% year-on-year. From January to September, the income of express delivery business in the same city, different places, international and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan accounted for 1.5%, 59.9% and 2.2% of the total express delivery income respectively; The business volume accounts for 23.1%, 73.6% and 3.3% of the total express delivery business respectively. Compared with the same period in 211, the proportion of express delivery business income in the same city increased by 1.7 percentage points, that in different places increased by 2.1 percentage points, and that in international, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businesses decreased by 5.3 percentage points. From January to September, the proportion of express delivery business income in eastern, central and western regions was 82.1%, 9.4% and 8.5% respectively, and the proportion of business volume was 81.4%, 1.7% and 7.9% respectively. Compared with the same period in 211, the proportion of express delivery business income in the eastern region increased by 1.3 percentage points, and the proportion of express delivery business increased by 2 percentage points; The proportion of express delivery business income in the central region decreased by .7 percentage points, and the proportion of express delivery business decreased by .8 percentage points; The proportion of express delivery business income in the western region decreased by .6 percentage points, and the proportion of express delivery business decreased by 1.2 percentage points. In addition to actively expanding its business, Daqing Post has continuously extended its network and added post offices all over the country, and gradually began to have certain contacts with the world postal organizations. Daqing * * * sent representatives to attend the fifth "Universal Postal Congress". In the fierce historical competition, the closed-door Qing Dynasty gradually withdrew from the historical stage, and subsequently, Qing Post completed its historical mission, which was followed by the emergence and development of "Chunghwa Post" and "Revolutionary Post". The Republic of China was founded in 1912, and Daqing Post was renamed as the Republic of China Post, and the postal law was promulgated, which put forward the idea of "postal by law". Under the legal management, China Post achieved remarkable results and gained world recognition. On March 1, 1914, it joined the Universal Postal Union and began to participate in international postal affairs. At the same time, China's agrarian revolution was vigorously launched in the south. In the first revolutionary base area, postal communication organizations came into being. The "revolutionary postal organization" was mainly responsible for the file transfer of party organs and units. On October 1st, 1949, the People's Republic of China was founded, and the postal service in China turned a new page. On November 1st of the same year, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications was established, with Zhu Xuefan as minister. A month later, the "First National Postal Work Conference" was held, which established the development framework of the new China Post. While expanding the network and adding offices, the postal service in the early 195s mainly formed four basic businesses-letter, parcel, remittance and newspaper distribution. In 1952, the eight-character service policy of "quickness, accuracy, safety and convenience" was put forward and has been extended to this day. In 1971, after the United Nations restored China's legal seat, on April 13, 1972, the Universal Postal Union restored China's legal seat, and New China Post returned to the world postal family, and the postal industry flourished. At the beginning of 198, China Post issued the first zodiac stamp in history-the Year of Geng Shen (that is, the Golden Monkey Ticket), which opened the prelude to the China Zodiac stamp series. In 1998, the separation of posts and telecommunications and the establishment of the State Post Bureau marked the end of the "post and telecommunications integration" system in the past 5 years, which provided a historic opportunity for the post to go to the market, invigorate its operation and develop. In 1999, China Post hosted the first world stamp exhibition. In the same year, the 22nd General Assembly of the Universal Postal Union was held in Beijing, which means that the position and role of China Post in the international postal service are increasing. In 27, the postal service was separated from the enterprise. After the establishment of China Post Group Corporation, the original four basic businesses were reorganized and gradually built into a modern postal enterprise integrating information flow, capital flow and physical logistics. On August 8, 28, the Beijing Olympic Games, which attracted worldwide attention, was held grandly. The first "Olympic Expo" hosted by China Post opened at the same time as the North Exhibition. Olympic Committee President Rogge and Honorary President Samaranch attended and gave full praise. Development course: China Post has experienced semi-feudal and semi-colonial post since the Opium War in 184, Chunghwa Post during the Republic of China, People's Post during the Revolutionary War in China, Post that has contributed to people's post and telecommunications and national economic development since the founding of New China, Post that has been reformed to meet the needs of national economic development in the new period and Post that is closely related to people's livelihood development in the future! In the early days of the founding of New China, China's postal communication network had a poor foundation, few outlets and outdated equipment. At the end of 1949, there were only 26,328 post offices in China (except Tibet and Taiwan Province), with an average service area of 364.6 square kilometers and an average service population of 21,. The types of business were only letters, packages and money orders, and the average mail volume per person was only 1.1. The total postal business in the whole year was 135 million yuan, and the postal business income was 62.84 million yuan. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the implementation of reform and opening up, China Post has developed continuously, rapidly and healthily. The postal network extends in all directions, covering the whole country and connecting the world. The overall strength has been continuously enhanced, and it has gradually embarked on a postal development road with China characteristics. It is mainly manifested in: the communication ability has been significantly enhanced, the level of technical equipment has been significantly improved, the business operation has achieved remarkable results, the service level has been continuously improved, and foreign cooperation and exchanges have been increasingly enhanced. Up to now, China has basically formed a modern postal network with comprehensive utilization of aviation, railway and highway, connecting urban and rural areas, covering the whole country and reaching the world. It has truly realized what Premier Zhou Enlai expected-"Posting and mailing Wan Li is tied to the national context". Premier Zhou wrote an inscription, "Posting Wan Li's National Vein". The first sentence of "the State Council Postal System Reform Plan" points out: "Postal industry is an important social public utility of the country, and postal network is an important communication infrastructure of the country". This positioning has clearly defined the public service attribute of the postal industry. Postal common sense no mail is no mail in any of the following circumstances: (1) undeliverable and undeliverable to the sender; (2) It cannot be delivered and the sender declares abandonment; (3) The sender refuses to pay the fees payable when the undeliverable mail is returned; (four) undeliverable mail has not been collected by the sender after the expiration of the storage period of the delivery and withdrawal bureau. Undeliverable mail undeliverable mail includes: the recipient's address is not detailed or wrong, undeliverable or the trial vote is invalid; The original writing address does not have this recipient; The recipient has moved and the new address is unknown; The recipient's unit has been revoked; The recipient dies, and there is no legal receiver; The recipient rejected the message; The mail delivered by the window has not been collected by the recipient after the expiration of the storage period. The user should show the valid certificate when receiving the mail. Valid certificates refer to: resident identity card (including temporary id card), household registration book, work permit, military officer's card, police officer's card, civilian cadre's card, soldier's card, certificate of retired military cadres, etc. In addition, citizens under the age of 16 can also receive emails with their student ID cards, which are also regarded as valid documents. Postage vouchers The following postage vouchers shall not be used: (1) Stamps that have been discontinued by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications; (2) Stamps that have been cancelled or cancelled; (3) Stamps that are polluted, incomplete or faded, discolored and difficult to distinguish authenticity; (4) Stamp patterns cut from stamped envelopes, stamped postcards and stamped aerogrammes; (5) Foreign stamps and stamps issued by Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan Province; (six) deformed stamps (such as reverse printing, creases, missing teeth, compound teeth, etc.). Legal liability for copying stamp patterns or printing postcards with the words "China People's Post" without permission Article 57 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Postal Law "For the purpose of making profits, forging postage certificates, copying stamp patterns without permission, or printing postcards with the words" China People's Post ",the post and telecommunications administration or its authorized units shall impose a fine of not more than 5, yuan, and confiscate illegal income and articles." Whoever forges postage certificates for profit, which constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with Article 124 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China. Article 124 of the Criminal Law: "Whoever forges tickets, boat tickets, stamps, tax tickets or cargo tickets for profit shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than two years, criminal detention or a fine; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 2 years and not more than 7 years, and may also be fined. " Postal code The use of postal code in mail delivery is one of the main means of postal communication modernization in China and an important measure to speed up mail delivery. The standardization of mail collection and sender's address writing is the basic condition to ensure the safe and rapid delivery of mail. However, because China is a multi-ethnic country, with complicated characters and place names, it is difficult to standardize the address simply by Chinese characters. Even if it is written clearly and in detail, it will be difficult for the machine to recognize it in 213. Therefore, the implementation of postal code is the only way to standardize the writing of mail addresses in China. The implementation of postal code has the following main advantages: (1) It can speed up mail delivery. Only about 2, letters can be sorted in one hour by looking at Chinese address manually, and it can be increased to 2, to 4, pieces per hour by looking at code sorting by machine. (2) It can improve the accuracy of mail delivery. China's place names are complex, and there are many duplicate names and similar place names. It is easy to distinguish Chinese characters, and only look at the first three codes for export letters and the last two codes for import letters, which not only saves eyesight, but also reduces errors. (3) It can reduce "blind letter". If the address is unclear, it will often be sent out and returned, forming a "blind letter." If you can use the postal code, you can narrow the search scope to a delivery area and minimize "blind letters". The purpose of writing postal codes is to deliver letters to the recipients quickly and accurately. Therefore: first of all, you must write the postal code correctly according to the mailing address, and you must not write it at will. Secondly, the letter should be sent in an envelope that meets the national standards. With reference to the font on the seal tongue, use a blue or black pen, ballpoint pen or writing brush to fill in one by one from left to right. The handwriting should be neat, not out of line, not Lian Bi, not altered or broken. Third, don't just write the short code of county and city, but write the "full code", that is, write the postal code of the delivery office where the recipient is located. The postal enterprise shall not be liable for compensation under any of the following circumstances: ① Loss of ordinary mail. (2) the loss or delay of the mail due to the user's responsibility or the reasons of the sent items themselves. (3) Loss of other vouched mail except remittance and insured mail due to force majeure. (4) The user fails to inquire and claim compensation within one year from the date of self-mailing or remittance. (5) The loss of vouched mail is caused by the responsibility of the receiving and dispatching personnel of the recipient's unit. ⑥ All kinds of mails have been properly delivered according to the prescribed procedures, and the recipient later found that the contents were short or damaged. No posting and * * * posting users must abide by the regulations on prohibited and restricted items when posting mail. The significance of stipulating prohibited and restricted articles: first, it can prevent criminals from using postal channels to deliver illegal articles; Second, it can ensure the safety of other mails and prevent the occurrence of burning and explosion accidents; Three, in order to maintain public health, protect the health of postal workers and avoid damaging other mail. Users refer to all organizations and individuals that use postal services, including senders, recipients, remitters, payees, postal depositors, newspaper subscribers, etc. Users who send and post mail are called senders, users who receive mail are called recipients, users who save money are called depositors, and users who subscribe to newspapers and magazines are called subscribers. One of the following conditions must be met when entrusting others to collect the mail on behalf of the recipient: (1) With the certificate of the recipient and the certificate of the consignee, and signed or sealed by the consignee; (two) with the seal of the recipient and the certificate of the consignee, and signed or sealed by the consignee; (three) stamped with the official seal of the unit, with the certificate of the agent, and signed or sealed by the agent. This service is aimed at express mail and is voluntary. When the sender chooses this service, he should make sure that the insured amount is consistent with the actual value of the contents of each mail, and each mail