I want to know what vegetables are the sunflowers in the "Green Garden" in ancient long songs. appoint

1 Sunflower: There are mallows and hollyhocks. Xibang Rikui and others. , here refers to flowers and trees.

Appreciation of Long song in Han Yuefu

In the green garden, sunflowers are exposed to the sun. In the spring, everything is brilliant. I am always afraid that the autumn festival will come and the yellow leaves will wither. A hundred rivers go east to the sea, and when will they go west! Young people don't work hard, old people.

Great deeds are sad.

Note 1 sunflower: there are mallow and hollyhock. Xibang Rikui and others. Here refers to flowers and trees. ②(x) Drying due to sun exposure. ③ Yangchun: Spring. Deze: Grace, this refers to spring.

Sunshine and rain. The sunshine and rain in spring make everything alive. ⑤ ■ Flower ■ Flower: Same as "flower".

Make an appreciative comment

There are three ancient poems in the Han Dynasty, which were included in Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems in the Song Dynasty, and the last two poems were combined into one (actually completely irrelevant)

Yan Yu's Cang Hua once pointed out that the latter should be two poems. What I want to talk about here is the first of three songs, which was first seen in Xiao Tong's Selected Works. The theme of this poem is clear, but

There are two sentences at the end of the article: "If you don't work hard, you will be sad." Because the interpretation of Yuefu ancient poems in Tang Wu Classic says: "It won't be long before you say that you are glorious, you should be happy if you work hard, and you should be sad if you don't reach the top." Hourenba

Such a poem with positive significance exhorts people to cherish their youth and eat, drink and be merry in time. It is said to be a work to persuade people to eat, drink and be merry in time. This is obviously a fallacy and distortion. Because the poem only says to work hard in time.

",rather than" how to see joy without waiting "as mentioned in Nineteen Ancient Poems (the fifteenth), has obvious depressed and decadent thoughts. We should make it completely healthy.

True colors

There are also different views on the meaning of the poem "A Long Song". I think Guo Maoqian's statement based on Shan Li's annotation in Selected Works is relatively accurate and plain. He said: Cui Bao's Ancient and Modern.

Note "said:" Long song, short songs, people say that the length of life, each has a fixed number, can not be arbitrarily asked. " According to "Ancient Poetry", "Long song is fierce. Wei Wudi (such as "Wei Wendi") and "Ge Yanxing" say: "short song".

Whispers can't last long. Jin Fuxuan's "Ge Yanxing" says: "Duh, come to Long song to continue short songs." However, songs have length and no life. Long song's continued short songs in Tang Dynasty were based on this. It seems that the so-called "long"

"Short" and "short" both refer to songs and tunes, and have nothing to do with the content. "Life length" is even more hypothetical.

There are two words in this poem that need special explanation, namely "Qingqing" in the first sentence and "Huang Qu" in the sixth sentence. Other words are generally easier to understand, so I won't repeat them here.

First of all, the word "green" of course refers to color. For example, the so-called "woman in green" in The Book of Songs Zheng Feng Amethyst refers to the blue clothes. But from the Book of Songs and Songs of the South to the Han Dynasty

In Yuefu folk songs and ancient poems, the word "Qingqing" often appears, which refers to color, and more importantly, describes the lush appearance of plants when they are young. This is Zheng Xuan's Sword of Shi Mao and Don Luther in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

The classic interpretation of Wen in Ming Dynasty, The Book of Songs, Sinology and Biography by Duan Yucai in Qing Dynasty all have specific explanations, while Duan and Chen have further explanations on The Book of Songs.

"Jingjing" is the same word, used to describe the lush foliage of plants, so-called "lush is also beautiful" (see Chen Huan's poem "On Shi Mao"). Now we often say "youth" and "youth", that's it.

It developed from the earliest meaning of the word "Qingqing". This echoes the word "young and strong" at the end of the article, not just the color of "sunflower in the garden"

Secondly, how to understand the word "Huang Qu". "Selected Works" Shan Li's Note: "Yellow, faded." Five ministers' notes: "Yellow and Chinese (flower) colors are not good." Later, Mr. Yu Guanying pointed out

The Selected Poems of Yuefu further thinks that Kun is a loan word of □ (left fire and right staff), and interprets Huang Kun as "yellow appearance". Thirty years ago, I annotated "Reference Materials of Han Dynasty Literature History", and the same is true.

I understand it this way. Later, I rummaged through the ancient books of Han and Jin Dynasties and found that the word "Huang Qu" had never been used except this poem. Common is the word ""(such as "Collection of Nine Articles" in Hanshu Zashu and "Gan")

Quan Fu, Cao Cao's Hu poem and Tang Lin's Zhu Jing Yin Yi quoted Guo Pu's Dialect Notes, etc. ) are quite common. According to the original meaning of "Kun", it describes an open flame, which is different from "Kun" (

That is, "Hui") is originally a word bred from milk and has no yellow meaning. Just because the word "yellow" is used in the poem, it is called "□ (left fire and right staff)". But the word "Huang" is different from the ancient books of Qin and Han dynasties.

The word "yellow" is universal. The most obvious thing is that Ying Shao of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote "Yellow Emperor" as "Emperor" in "The Sound of Customs". The original meaning of the word "emperor" means sunny. Later, due to "

"Yellow" became a special title for emperors, and the word "yellow" appeared from "fire". Therefore, I think the word "yellow" in this poem is actually the common word "yellow" at that time, but the word "yellow" was written.

It's just a yellow word. And the last word of this poem is "decline", which means withering. If the above "yellow" is described as "yellow in color", it will inevitably appear repeatedly in poetry. If you succeed,

The "flower (flower) leaves" of plants used to be colorful in Xia Zhishi in spring, but they began to fade in autumn, which seems more logical. This statement has never been seen before, and whether it can be established remains to be considered by readers.

Let's briefly analyze the artistic features of this poem. In my opinion, the theme of this poem is serious and healthy, but there is no problem of preaching and empty conceptualization. Its thinking

I think the content is to give those who don't know how to cherish youth a powerful glass of wine, and its thought-provoking degree is breathtaking. But as far as the whole poem is concerned, it gives people a convincing simple reading method.

Tiancheng's feelings do not feel stiff and far-fetched. This is precisely because the original poet used imagery thinking as a metaphor to impress people, rather than using abstract concepts as dogma to teach people. This poem is * * * ten sentences, before.

Eight sentences completely let images and metaphors speak, and only the last two paragraphs give the theme, which is the natural conclusion that image thinking can be promoted to logical thinking. This is the difference between early Yuefu folk songs.

In the works of scholars, it is mainly preaching.

The first two sentences are about spring. In a garden full of plants, spring is full of vitality. The first sentence uses "green" to describe "sunflower in the garden", which is colorful and full of vitality. Especially in spring.

God, the flowers and leaves of plants are displayed with fresh dew at dawn. What a fresh and vigorous picture! This is the specific image that the second sentence gives the reader. But the focus of this sentence is "North Korea"

The word "Xiangyang" (note that this word "wait" means that the garden is full of fresh and clean vitality when the sun doesn't come out in the morning), but the word "wait" is used at the end ("wait" means being dried by the sun).

This shows that as long as the sun is high, the dew will dry quickly, so there are some factors that gradually turn into negative aspects in the high spirit, such as time gone forever and limited life. no

It is easy for readers to overlook such a place if they are not careful. Three or four sentences focus on the image of the first sentence. The warm spring morning sun spreads light and heat, just like giving goodwill to everything. The so-called "light"

"Glory" not only refers to the light reflected by the sun on everything, but also reflects the vitality of everything itself in spring. Because light belongs to the sun, but now it is given to everyone.

Everything, even everything, is thriving and shining. Five or six sentences further develop the other side of the second sentence and write the other side of nature, that is, from prosperity to decline, from prosperity to decline, from less to more.

Strong and boss. When autumn comes, the China leaves of plants grow luxuriantly and beautifully, and finally they will die. However, as a folk elegy earlier than this poem said, "Dew cannot escape."

! In the Ming Dynasty, the dew fell more heavily, and people will come back when they die! "Although plants decline from prosperity, they still go round and round. When the next spring comes, they will flourish again. People can't do this, the years can't go back, green.

Spring is gone forever. However, the poet did not say it directly here, but inserted seven or eight sentences, using the metaphor of a hundred rivers entering the sea from the east and never returning to the west, euphemistically expressing the truth from the front to the side.

Readers. This not only deepens the truth to be told, but also strengthens the power of persuasion. Technically, it is "gaining momentum" and conceptually "deepening". It finally boils down to nine,

Twelve sentences, which come naturally, not only awaken the truth through the appeal of the image, but also make the poet's attitude more sincere and sincere, giving people a sense of tireless inculcation.

Wu Qi, a poet in A Qing, commented on this poem in his "Conclusion of Selected Poems" and said, "All these are shortcomings of time." Actually, the characteristics of this poem are just the opposite. The author is a natural phenomenon.

Therefore, we can see temporality in strength, transience in strength, and urgency and preciseness of things' changes in eternity. The key point is that the images used in poems are big, long and eternal nature, such as writing about the life of plants in spring.

Autumn withers, the sun shines on the earth, time is long, and there are many rivers in the sea, and so on. Compared with the so-called "Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour", "I don't know the future, I don't know the spring and autumn", immediately

I feel the difference between the two methods. Life is a day, a day is a month, and a month is a year. It seems long, but it is fleeting. If you leave it alone, you will abandon yourself day after day, year after year, and finally

Regret the ordinary. If the last two sentences come clean, they can be finished in a few words, but that's a slogan, not a touching poem. (Wu Xiaoru)