New Pneumonia Epidemic How to Prevent the New Pneumonia Epidemic Popular Science Knowledge

The National Health Commission held a press conference on February 2 to introduce the health protection situation in public places, transportation and different risk groups in the prevention and control of pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection. .

By means of transportation

1. What specific protective measures are taken during the Spring Festival travel rush?

Cars, trains, planes, ships, buses, taxis and other public transportation ***Transportation: Strengthen disinfection and increase the frequency of disinfection of waiting rooms, toilets, and other public facilities. To strengthen ventilation, it is necessary to appropriately increase the air exchange power of the air conditioner and increase the number of air exchanges. Sit spaced apart or spread out as much as possible.

2. How to protect yourself when taking online ride-hailing cars and taxis?

For disinfection of taxis and online ride-hailing cars, you can open the door to ventilate it before taking a ride, and use disinfectant paper towels to sit facing each other. Disinfect the locations and areas where your hands touch, and require drivers and passengers to wear masks. Get out of the car and perform hand hygiene.

3. How to protect yourself when riding in enclosed vehicles?

It is recommended that relevant departments stagger travel times to reduce population density and further reduce risks. Passengers are advised to wear masks in crowded places, pay attention to hand hygiene, and keep a distance from strangers. It is best to set up a dedicated emergency area on airplanes and trains, such as leaving the three rows at the back free for emergency use. If a suspicious patient is found, what we should do is follow the arrangement and go to the isolation area for isolation and investigation.

Entering and entering public places

1. What are the specific protective measures during the peak period of Spring Festival travel?

Hotels, shopping malls, supermarkets, office buildings and other public places **Place: Do a good job in indoor cleaning and disinfection, strengthen ventilation and garbage disposal. Staff must first take personal protection. People who go to these public places should try to minimize contact with public items and parts in public places. Keep a certain distance from others as much as possible. In public places such as office buildings, management of visitors should be strengthened, and health monitoring such as registration and body temperature should be carried out.

2. Will the use of central air conditioners cause the spread of the epidemic?

※ Before using central air conditioners, you should check the type of air conditioner, air supply range, fresh air intake, cooling pool and It is necessary to understand the health indicators and make a comprehensive assessment based on the characteristics of the building to see if it can be opened under such circumstances.

※If it is done strictly in accordance with the regulations, it should be safe.

※The central air-conditioning used in most public places in China is basically a fan coil unit plus a fresh air system. It can reduce the disorderly overflow of indoor air by increasing the fresh air volume, because the indoor air is properly In a high-pressure environment, the wind flows into the corridor and other places. In this case, we need to add some exhaust air to ensure the orderly discharge of indoor air.

※In case of an epidemic, use should be stopped.

※There can be a place to measure body temperature before entering the office building to facilitate the early detection of patients with fever.

3. What are the key disinfection areas in the office?

※ Elevator buttons, door handles, manual faucets, and public phones are our focus Place to be disinfected.

※For floors and countertops, the frequency of cleaning and disinfection can be appropriately increased if conditions permit. We must also try to reduce group face-to-face discussions and reduce gatherings for gatherings.

4. What should we pay attention to when disinfecting?

Disinfection must be targeted. If disinfectants are used to disinfect the air, it must be in an unmanned environment. Because if a person inhales the disinfectant, or if the disinfectant is repeatedly sprayed on the person, there is a potential risk.

5. Can disinfectant wipes, sprays, hand sanitizers, etc. be effective?

To keep your hands clean, first, wash your hands with running water, and second, wipe your hands and disinfect them agent. Hand disinfectant should be applied to the palms, backs of hands, between fingers, fingers, finger tips, and thumbs. If you don’t have hand sanitizer and just have a disinfectant wipe, it’s okay to wipe it down.

6. What protective measures are taken at construction sites and factories?

※ Pay attention to strengthening ventilation and cleaning. It is recommended to equip hand sanitizer, hand disinfectant and other protective equipment. If you are in a poorly ventilated or closed place, When working in the workshop, it is recommended to wear a mask at work. The canteen is also a crowded place, so it is recommended that each unit eat at staggered times.

※ Strengthen personnel management. Each unit must designate a dedicated person to observe the health status of workers. At the same time, employers should strengthen hygiene management at construction sites and dormitories, and encourage workers to pay attention to personal hygiene.

What do different groups of people need to pay attention to?

1. What do salespersons, subway workers, media reporters and other groups need to pay attention to?

People who come into contact with a lot of people on a daily basis, Pay attention to personal protection during work, wear masks regularly during work, and replace them in time. At the same time, pay attention to hand hygiene and measure your body temperature at least twice a day. Under normal circumstances, you do not need to wear protective clothing or protective masks. If you have fever, cough, difficulty breathing, diarrhea, vomiting, muscle soreness, etc., you should stop working immediately. , seek medical treatment promptly.

2. Do rural migrant workers need to be quarantined when they return to the city?

※ Before returning to the city, their body temperature must be taken. If there are suspicious symptoms, they need to wait for the disease to recover before returning to the city. Those who have been to areas with high epidemic incidences such as Wuhan, or have recently come into contact with confirmed cases, must wait until the 14-day observation period expires before returning to the city.

※ During the process of returning to the city, you must also pay attention to personal protection and properly save travel ticket information.

※After returning to the city, each employer must measure the body temperature of all employees to see if there are any suspicious symptoms. If there are symptoms, they must be isolated in time and seek medical treatment. In the workplace, employers should also help migrant workers understand how to protect themselves during the epidemic.

※After the start of construction, migrant workers must be monitored every day and try to reduce unnecessary outings.

3. What protective measures should be taken by people who are in close contact with suspected and confirmed cases?

※For staff in isolation wards or medical observation sites, as well as suspected or confirmed cases Personnel transporting cases are recommended to wear work clothes, disposable work caps, disposable gloves, medical protective clothing, protective masks, or filtering respirators, protective face shields, goggles, and work shoes or Rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, etc.

※For epidemiological investigators conducting on-site investigation of cases or close contacts, it is recommended to wear disposable work caps, work clothes, medical surgical masks and disposable gloves, but they must be in contact with the person being investigated Objects should be kept at a safe distance of more than one meter. Stricter protection must be adopted when investigating suspected or confirmed cases. N95, N99 or medical protective masks are required. In addition, protective masks, goggles, work shoes, rubber boots, and waterproof boot covers are also required.

※For collectors who collect respiratory specimens, or staff who conduct virus testing in biosafety laboratories, it is recommended to wear work clothes, work caps, double-layer gloves, and disposable protective clothing. Wear an N95, N99 protective mask or medical mask, or a filter respirator, plus a protective visor, work shoes, rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, etc. If necessary, wear a waterproof apron or waterproof isolation gown.

※For personnel who clean and disinfect the environment contaminated by cases, it is recommended to wear work clothes, work caps, disposable gloves, and add long-sleeved thickened rubber gloves and double-layer gloves outside the disposable gloves. As well as medical disposable protective clothing, N95 and N99 protective masks or medical protective masks, processed work shoes, rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, aprons, waterproof isolation gowns, etc.

4. How to protect the safety of medical staff in primary medical institutions?

The safety of front-line personnel can be further ensured through training on prevention and control knowledge and the implementation of various measures. If suspicious symptoms are found, they should be isolated in time, get timely rest, and check the risk of infection.

New changes in virus transmission

Recently, viruses have been found in the feces of confirmed patients in Wuhan and Shenzhen. Does this mean there are new changes in the transmission route?

This phenomenon shows that the virus can replicate and exist in the digestive tract, but it is not transmitted through feces or mouth, or is re-transmitted through aerosols formed by virus-containing droplets. Epidemiological investigation and research are needed to further confirm this phenomenon. The main ways of infection of the new coronavirus are still close droplet transmission and indirect contact transmission. However, these phenomena also remind the importance of frequent hand washing, especially after contact with easily contaminated surfaces, before meals and after going to the toilet. Washing hands is a very important way to protect against this virus.