Benefits of tobacco plastic film mulching, tobacco plastic film mulching cultivation techniques

Plastic film mulching is a mature cultivation technique, which plays an important role in saving water, increasing production and increasing efficiency in agriculture. After years of practice, plastic film mulching has become one of the main cultivation techniques for high quality and suitable yield in most tobacco-growing areas in China.

So what are the benefits of tobacco film mulching? How to grow tobacco covered with plastic film? Let's have a look.

Benefits of tobacco plastic film mulching

Has the effects of heat preservation and moisture retention.

After the ridge body of tobacco field is covered with plastic film, the heat convection and long-wavelength radiation of the soil in the ridge body will be blocked by the plastic film, which maintains the balance between the evaporation consumption of soil moisture and the condensation heat release of water droplets under the plastic film, reduces the loss of soil heat, and thus plays the role of warming and preserving heat; On the other hand, after the tobacco field is covered with plastic film, the evaporation of soil moisture is limited, and at the same time, the evaporated water vapor condenses under the plastic film and returns to the soil, reducing the loss of soil moisture, thus playing a role in moisture conservation.

Shorten the growing period of tobacco

After the tobacco field was covered with plastic film, the temperature, moisture and nutrients in the rhizosphere soil of tobacco seedlings were improved, which could prevent the soil from hardening and keep the soil loose. The roots of tobacco plants grow rapidly and produce more nutrients, thus promoting the growth of aboveground stems and leaves, advancing the growth period of tobacco plants, shortening the whole growth period and advancing the harvesting time by 5-7 days. In some areas with high latitude and high altitude and low accumulated temperature, the harvest time can even be advanced by 65438 days.

Improve the economic characteristics of tobacco leaves

Plastic film mulching has light effect (plastic film has strong reflective ability, which can improve the light condition near the ground) and grass control effect (the high temperature of the surface soil under plastic film can inhibit the growth of most weeds in sunny days), which changes some bad conditions of the original bare land cultivation and improves the environmental conditions of tobacco growth and development, thus promoting the growth and development of tobacco and improving its economic characteristics such as yield and quality.

Although plastic film mulching has become one of the main cultivation techniques in tobacco production, soil pollution caused by residual waste plastic film in tobacco fields has become increasingly serious in recent years, which poses a threat to the sustainable development of agriculture.

Therefore, it is necessary to raise tobacco farmers' awareness of the seriousness of residual film pollution, encourage tobacco farmers to pick up discarded residual films and do a good job in recycling; At the same time, it is necessary to innovate the mechanism, establish a circular agricultural model for the collection, treatment and utilization of tobacco field waste and residual film, turn waste into treasure, reduce tobacco field pollution, protect soil fertility, alleviate the shortage of soil resources and achieve the goal of sustainable agricultural development.

Cultivation techniques of tobacco covered with plastic film

1. Selection of mulch film The thickness of mulch film is 0.006 ~ 0.007 mm, and the width is currently 80 ~ 90 cm.

The effect of silver-gray plastic film on repelling aphids and preventing diseases (CMV) is better than that of colorless transparent film, but the colorless transparent film has a better effect on improving ground temperature, and also has a certain effect on retaining water and repelling aphids and preventing diseases.

Colorless transparent film is generally used in flue-cured tobacco production, and silver-gray film should be used in areas where cucumber mosaic is seriously damaged.

In order to reduce the pollution of residual film to soil and environment, photolysis film or double decomposition (light and microorganism) film can be selected.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization is plastic film mulching cultivation. Generally, intertillage weeding is not needed, and soil preparation should be fine.

The soil preparation must be smooth, the soil is fine, and there are no stubble and stubble, so that the plastic film can be closely attached to the ground to prevent the mechanical damage caused by strong wind to the plastic film exposure and plastic film mulching, and improve the effect of plastic film mulching.

Plastic film mulching cultivation, due to the increase of ground temperature, enhanced microbial activity, accelerated the release of soil organic matter and some nutrients, and improved the utilization rate of fertilizer.

Therefore, the amount of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be reasonably determined according to different soil fertility.

After the plots with low content of soil organic matter and available nitrogen and low soil fertility are covered, the growth period of tobacco plants is advanced and the available nitrogen absorbed is increased. If fertilizer is insufficient, the quality of tobacco leaves will be affected.