How to use some symbols in composition? I am an idiot.

Used at the end of a statement to indicate a pause after the end of the statement. For example:

People all over the country, especially teenagers, should seriously study and understand the history of the motherland, especially the history since modern times.

Please close the door.

We must go back today.

Climate is the condition for human survival, and global warming is a disaster caused by human activities.

⑤ We must establish a global concept of same-sex atmospheric environment, and cherish the blue sky overhead for our own survival and development.

Class is over.

No matter the length of the sentence, as long as the structure is complete and the meaning is independent, a period should be used after the sentence. An imperative sentence with a soothing tone (such as Example ②), an emphasized declarative sentence (such as Example ③) and sometimes a sentence without a subject (such as Example ⑥) also use a period when expressing the declarative mood.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:16:17.

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2 question mark (? )

It means a pause after the question is asked, and it means an interrogative tone. For example:

Why did you come back so late today?

Who is he? Where are you from?

Are you going or should I?

Did she become a beggar when she went out from her fourth uncle's house, or did she go to Grandma Wei's house first and then become a beggar?

(5) Stand in front of them and lead them? Or stand behind them and criticize them? Or stand on the opposite side of people and oppose it?

Who created the human world? It's us working people.

7. Can you come here for a moment?

Would you please move the stool a little?

Pet-name ruby what's the matter with you?

Isn't it clear to participate in this?

Ask one question mark after another, as in Example 2.

Although the multiple-choice question contains two or more options, it is still a complete sentence, expressing a complete meaning, so only a question mark is used at the end of the sentence, and commas are used between items in the sentence, as in Example 3 and Example 4; But sometimes in order to emphasize the independence of each option, you can also add a question mark after each item, as in Example 5.

No doubt ask questions, ask yourself and answer them. In order to attract the reader's attention, use a question mark after the question, as in Example 6.

Some imperative sentences that express euphemistic tone can also use a question mark at the end of the sentence, such as Example 7 and Example 8.

In some questions, the subject and predicate are reversed, so pay attention to putting the question mark at the end of the sentence, such as Example 9.

Rhetorical questions are also undoubtedly asked, only asked but not answered. The clear meaning to be expressed is contained in the question, and a question mark should be used at the end of the sentence, as shown in example 10.

Pay attention when using question marks, although some sentences contain interrogative words (who, what, how, etc. ), they are not really asking questions, but expressing a declarative tone, so a period should be applied. For example:

I don't know who he will meet at the station.

I'm fine, but I don't know what people think.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:16: 33.

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(3) exclamation point (! )

A pause at the end of a sentence expressing strong feelings.

(1) said pause at the end of the exclamatory sentence. For example:

Once rooted, you are not afraid of being trampled, and you can get up again and again and bloom dandelion flowers!

Sing, our motherland!

(2) Exclamation marks are also used in imperative sentences with strong tone. For example:

Sister Xianglin, forget it!

(3) The strong rhetorical question is followed by an exclamation point. For example:

There is nothing in the world that does not contain contradictions!

④ Exclamation marks can be used for words with heavy tone, non-subject-predicate sentences and exclamation marks with strong feelings. For example:

Long distance love!

Airplane!

Ouch! You're going the wrong way.

⑤ After address terms, response terms, onomatopoeia words, and at the end of slogans, if you have strong feelings, also use exclamation marks.

6. If the exclamatory sentence has an inversion component, the exclamation mark at the end of the sentence should also be placed at the end of the sentence. For example:

How beautiful, the spring of the motherland!

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:16: 49.

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2. Points in sentences (indicating pauses and structural relations in sentences, including semicolons, commas, pauses and colons)

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-release date: 2004-12-17 20:17:13.

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(1) semicolon (; )

It indicates a pause between coordinate clauses in a complex sentence. For example:

This style of work, if self-discipline, will harm yourself; If you teach others, you will harm others; If we use it to guide the revolution, it will endanger the revolution.

Sometimes semicolons are also used in multiple complex sentences that are not juxtaposed. For example:

Citizens aged 18 in China have the right to vote and stand for election, regardless of nationality, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education level, property status and length of residence; Except those who are deprived of political rights according to law. (turning relationship)

If you change this sentence into a comma, it will be difficult to distinguish between the two meanings. If you change it to a full stop, it will cut off the meaning of coherence, so use a semicolon. Another example is:

She told me, "sir, please write a little;" Liu Hezhen loved reading her husband's articles before his death. " (Used in causal sentences to express two meanings)

Some points that should be paid attention to when using semicolons:

(1) Sentence parallelism requires momentum, and commas are generally used instead of semicolons. For example:

Treat comrades as warm as spring, work as hot as summer, individuals as autumn wind sweeps away leaves, and enemies as cruel as winter.

(2) coordinate relative sentences, short clauses with commas instead of semicolons. For example:

Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind.

Zhang Hua was admitted to Peking University, and Li Ping was admitted to technical secondary school.

③ Semicolons should be used in several coordinate clause groups, regardless of whether their internal structures are consistent or not. For example:

The young leaves of poplar outside the window are golden yellow in the sun; The elm leaves are also blooming more brightly than yesterday.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:17: 35.

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(2) Comma (,)

Indicates a pause in a sentence.

In complex sentences, commas are often used within clauses or between clauses. For example:

The so-called memories can make people happy, but sometimes they can't help being lonely. What's the point of letting the spiritual line still hold the lonely time that has passed? But I can't forget it all. This part that can't be completely forgotten has become the source of screaming.

② When the subject of a sentence (compound words as the subject) is long, or the subject is short but needs to be emphasized, or there are modal particles behind the subject, a comma should be used after the subject. For example:

This huge blow and unspeakable grief almost knocked Wu Jichang down.

He is our head teacher, Miss Liu.

You, really disappointing.

(3) The sentence predicate is a subject-predicate phrase, and sometimes there is a pause after the subject, so a comma is used. For example:

Lu Xun has long opposed this foreign stereotyped writing.

(4) When the sentence object is long, use a comma in front of it. For example:

I remember when she was a little girl who was not sensible.

⑤ Use commas at the beginning of the sentence and after the adverbial. For example:

In a blink of an eye, four piles of firewood on the top of the mountain are ready!

⑥ Used between inverted sentence components. For example:

Come out, you! (verb inversion)

Around the lotus pond, there are many trees and lush. (attributive postposition)

Our motherland is advancing at a high speed on the road to victory. (adverbial postposition)

⑦ Used between coordinate phrases. For example:

Tongmuling, Huang Yangjie, Zhushachong, Bamian Mountain and Shuangmashi are the five outposts of Jinggangshan.

Pencils, erasers, electronic calculators, compasses and plastic rulers of various sizes occupy half a table. (There is a big pause because some juxtaposed components are longer.)

Rice, wheat, cotton, chemical fertilizer, oil and coal are all materials purchased and sold by the state. (Because there are different levels between items, commas are used to distinguish different parallel levels, and pauses are used to indicate the juxtaposition of various components in the same level. )

⑧ Used after related words. For example:

He hasn't worked hard, but compared with before, he has made considerable progress.

Pet-name ruby some special components in the sentence, generally use commas to separate them from other components. For example:

Our monitor Lao Li went to Beijing to receive the prize yesterday. (appositive)

What kind of class, more precisely, what kind of class position, what kind of ideal. (parenthesis)

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Date of issue: 2004-12-17 20:17: 52

-Use of punctuation (guidance)

(3) Pause (,)

Represents the smallest pause in a sentence, often used between juxtaposed words or phrases, such as:

(Director) introduced Dong Kun's wild skins: fox, raccoon, badger, otter, wild cat ... there are many kinds.

Pay attention to the use of pause:

If there are conjunctions "and" "and" or "or" in the coordinate words, there is no need to pause. (The conjunction of "He" is generally used between two-item coordinate words or between the last two items of multiple coordinate words)

(2) If there are coordinate words in the coordinate words, use commas for large coordinate words and pause between small coordinate words. For example:

The explosion of atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb, and the launch and recovery of satellites mark that the development of science and technology in China has reached a new level.

(3) coordinate as predicate and complement, and use commas instead of pause between coordinate words. For example:

You should strive for perfection, literacy and production.

The story is true and touching.

(4) Some coordinate words don't pause or pause slightly, so there should be no ambiguity. At this time, there is no need to add a pause. For example:

It doesn't matter

There is a tall tower three or four miles from the village.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:18:12.

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(4) Colon (:)

(1) is used after the address at the beginning of letters and speeches to attract the attention of others; Used after "so-and-so", it means that the following words are quoted.

(2) Used after the general statement, it means that it is necessary to explain it separately or the word before the colon causes the following word. For example:

There are several kinds of spinning postures: you can sit on a futon, you can sit on a low stool, and you can stand on a spinning wheel with a high cushion.

(3) Used at the end of the prompt to indicate that you have something to say, think about or analyze. For example:

I thought: Hope is nothing, nothing.

(4) before explaining explanatory words. For example:

..... Marx discovered the development law of human history, which is a simple fact that has been concealed by complex ideology: people must first eat, drink, live and wear, and then ...

⑤ Used in front of general phrases to sum up the above. For example, Zhang Hua was admitted to Peking University and studied in the Department of Chemistry. Li Ping entered a secondary technical school, majoring in mechanical manufacturing. I work as a shop assistant in a department store: we all have a bright future. (General words are preceded by colons)

The prompt function of colon should be played to the end of sentence, that is to say, colon should be managed to the end of sentence, not just to the end of sentence. If you want to manage several words or a paragraph, you usually use ordinal numbers or quotation marks. For example:

..... Party discipline must be reiterated: (1) Individuals obey the collective; (2) the minority is subordinate to the majority; (3) subordinates obey their superiors; (4) The whole Party obeys the Central Committee.

He went on to say, "There has been a heavy rain here recently. Mom has gone to Beijing. Xiaohong went to high school. "

When using colons, you should pay attention to:

Use "so-and-so" before quotation marks and use a colon. For example:

He was very surprised and said, "Ah, it's you!"

The quotation marks are separated by commas. For example:

"comrades!" The secretary of the district party Committee said: "All the 34 people on the registration form of party member in the whole district, except Comrade Lao Zhao and Comrade Huang Shuying, except the traitor Huang Youcai, are here."

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:18: 29.

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Second, the label

Tags mainly indicate the nature and function of sentences, including quotation marks, brackets, dashes, ellipsis, bullets, hyphens, intervals, titles and proper names.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Date of issue: 2004-12-17 20:18: 46.

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(1) quotation marks ("""")

(1) said direct reference. For example:

It immediately reminds people of Du Fu's poem "Wanzhongling Valley is near Jingmen, and Mrs. Guang was born in a village where she grew up".

(2) Highlight key points. For example:

Contract workers have no freedom to "do" or "not do".

(3) Irony and negation. For example:

"Do you want it to be immortal?"

Several "kind" bosses went to the market to pick some leaves and dipped them in salt. This is their rare delicacy.

(4) indicates a specific title. For example:

Chai Lubang is anxious to boil the porridge in the cauldron.

⑤ Sometimes used to quote idioms, proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings, etc. For example:

"It's like sitting in the spring breeze", well, let people laugh at the exciting spring breeze!

Several points should be noted when using quotation marks:

(1) Citation and citation, with double quotation marks on the outer layer and single quotation marks on the inner layer; If there are quotation marks in single quotation marks, double quotation marks should be used, and so on. For example:

Then (an aunt) explained, "When beans and sweet potatoes are harvested, badgers are very fat. Rou Xiang you run. As the saying goes,' eight pounds of badger meat and seven pounds of oil'. "

(2) If the quotation becomes a sentence independently, the meaning is complete, and the period at the end of the sentence is put in quotation marks. For example:

I think of a poem by Jia Dao in the Tang Dynasty: "But through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing?" ."

(3) The quotation is incomplete or the quotation is part of one's own words. At this time, the point at the end of the sentence (except question mark and exclamation point) is placed outside the back quotation mark. For example:

When writing an article, you should "see the strangeness in plain words, the danger in common words, the novelty in old words and the color in plain words".

(4) If there are several paragraphs in the quotation, the front quotation mark should be used at the beginning of each paragraph, and the back quotation mark should not be used until the end of the last paragraph.

If you only say what others say and don't quote it as it is, then you don't need quotation marks.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Date of issue: 2004-12-17 20:19: 03.

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(2) Parentheses (() [])

Parentheses indicate comments in the text. The comments in brackets are broad, without specific restrictions, and generally do not need to be read out. For example:

(1) The discovery of Chinese ape-man in China is a great contribution to paleoanthropology.

He cultivated many fragrant flowers and fed and trained many small animals. Later, he took care of a mother tiger in the zoo and fed it with milk spoonfuls a day. )

(3) Someone used hydrogen to reduce copper oxide to 5 grams of copper, and asked how many grams of hydrogen participated in the reaction, and how much volume did these hydrogen occupy under standard conditions? (The density of hydrogen is 0.09g/L)

Parentheses are some words in comments or supplementary explanations, which are called parentheses. If there are punctuation marks in the notes, the last punctuation mark (except question mark and exclamation mark) should be omitted, as shown in Example ①; Parentheses are used to annotate or supplement the whole sentence, which is called extra-sentence brackets. If there are punctuation marks in the notes, they can be kept still, as shown in Example 2. You don't have to be like Example 3.

Parentheses and dashes have explanatory functions, but they are used in different ways. When the explanatory text is important, it is a part of the text, which has a great influence on the article and must be read, dash is used; Otherwise, use parentheses.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:19: 21.

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(3) Dash (-)

① indicates that the dash is followed by the explanation part. For example:

The foreman or handyman stands lazily in front of the gate with a pile of rosters-like a wooden fence at the ticket office of a railway station.

(2) indicates the significance of proceeding. For example:

Every year, especially during floods and droughts, these well-connected workers in Japanese factories ...

(3) the transformation, jumping or turning point of meaning. For example:

"Sweet dried vegetables-did you hear the wind?" Zhao stood behind the seven catties and said to the seven catties' sister-in-law.

I didn't want to go, but my mother-in-law insisted that I visit him again-what's the point!

(4) indicates the prolongation of speech. For example:

We affectionately call in front of the square: Zhou-forever-reason-

(5) indicates a big pause or interruption in speech. For example:

Lu Shiping: Relatives?

Zhou Puyuan: Well, we want to repair his grave.

6 is to sum up the above. For example:

Make trouble, fail, make trouble again, fail again and perish-this is the logic of imperialism and all reactionaries in the world in treating the people's cause, and they will never violate this logic.

⑦ Used before subtitles. For example:

Fire execution

-In memory of giordano bruno.

8 indicates listing and sharing matters. For example:

Over the past five years, with the promotion of reform and opening up, China's national economy has continued to develop and the overall situation is good.

-China's economic strength continued to increase significantly. ……

-the main proportion of the national economy has been further coordinated, and macroeconomic benefits have been improved. ……

-The living standards of urban and rural people have been further improved. ……

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20:19: 40.

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(4) Omit (...)

(1) said reference or omission. For example:

At that extraordinary moment, in that memorable place, I heard singing for the first time:

Come in February, good scenery,

Every household is busy farming.

……

A very loud and anxious voice came from the receiver: "Time is too late, please try to send it by air at once ... by plane!" " "

② indicates the omission of repeated words. For example:

Kong Yiji whispered, "Break, fall, fall ..." His expression seemed to be pleading with the shopkeeper, so don't mention it again.

(3) It means to omit listing similar things and ordinal numbers. For example:

(Director) Show us the skins of wild animals that Dong Kun and his team have beaten: foxes, raccoons, badgers, otters, wild cats ... there are many kinds.

(4) means silence or thinking. For example:

What is this? No, Aunt Mei's body can't stand the bumps on the road!

Ouyang Ping: ...

(5) refers to speaking intermittently. For example:

He pointed in the direction of due north. "Good, good comrades ... you ... you bring them here ..."

⑥ indicates the interruption of language. take for example

"I am not rich. I have to sell these before I go ... "

"Ah ah, you put the daotai, also said not rich? You have three concubines now; Going out is a big sedan chair, but you can't say that you have money. Fear, nothing can hide from me. "

⑦ means that the words are not finished, and the meaning is not finished. For example:

For so many years, his old man has no time to listen to my report. Premier, where can I report to you now? ……

But suddenly I got reliable news that thirteen people, including Rou Shi, were shot in Longhua garrison headquarters on the morning of February 7th, and he was shot ten times.

I see! ……

When using ellipsis, you should pay attention to:

The ellipsis means "etc" and "etc", and there is no need to use "etc" after the ellipsis.

(2) ellipsis occupies the position of two words, a * * * six dots. If a large paragraph or several paragraphs of text or verse are omitted, they can be represented by twelve points, which will be in a separate line.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Release date: 2004- 12- 17

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(5) Bullets ()

Words, phrases and sentences that need readers' special attention are marked with bullets. For example:

Business is done, not blown out.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Release date: 2004- 12- 17

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(5) Bullets ()

Words, phrases and sentences that need readers' special attention are marked with bullets. For example:

Business is done, not blown out.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Release date: 2004- 12- 17

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(6) Connection number (-~)

The four forms occupy the position of a word, the length of two words, the length of half a word and the length of one word respectively.

① Two related nouns form a unit of meaning with a hyphen in the middle. For example:

The area north of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains in China belongs to temperate monsoon climate zone, which is hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter.

Compound sodium chloride injection, also known as Ringer-Locke solution, is used in medical and mammalian physiological experiments.

(2) The relevant time, place and figures are connected by connecting numbers, indicating the beginning and the end. For example:

Lu Xun (1881-1936) is a great writer, thinker and revolutionary in modern China. Yucai was originally named Zhou Shuren and was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

"Beijing-Guangzhou" through train.

Kyoho grapes planted in Liyuan Township entered a high-yield period this year, with an yield of 1000 kg ~ 1500 kg per mu.

(3) Between the relevant letters and Arabic numerals, the product model is indicated by a connecting number. For example:

In the Pacific region, in addition to the HAW-4 and TPC-3 submarine cables that have been built and put into use, TPC-4 submarine cables have also been put into operation.

(4) Several related projects indicate gradual development, with hyphens in the middle. For example:

Human development can be divided into four stages: ape-ape-man-ancient man-new man.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-Release date: 2004- 12- 17

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(7) Interval number ()

(1) The boundaries between foreigners' names and the names of some ethnic minorities are marked with space symbols. For example:

Leonardo Dissel Piero da Vinci

Aisingiorro Nurgazi

(2) The boundary between the title of the book and the title of the article (chapter or volume) is marked with a space symbol. For example:

China Encyclopedia of Physics

Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Zhi and Zhuge Liang

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20: 21:21.

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(8) Title (")

(1) Title, book title, newspaper name, publication name, etc. , with the title. For example:

The author of A Dream of Red Mansions is Cao Xueqin.

Have you read Lu Xun's Kong Yiji?

His article was published in People's Daily.

There is a selected novel on the desk.

(2) When using book titles, the outer layer uses double book titles and the inner layer uses single book titles. For example:

The preface of < Workers in China > was published in/kloc-0 on February 7th, 940.

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-Author: Walking in the clouds

-release date: 2004-12-17 20: 21:40.

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(9) Proper nouns ()

Proper names such as names of people, places and dynasties are all marked with proper names. For example:

Sima Xiangru, whose name is Changqing, was born in Chengdu, Shu County in Han Dynasty.

Proper names are only used in ancient books or some literary and historical works. In order to match proper names, the titles of such works can be "~ ~ ~". For example:

Qu Yuan was exiled, but he was given Li Sao. Zuo Qiu is blind and can't speak Mandarin.

The position of punctuation marks

In addition to the correct use of punctuation marks, we should also pay attention to the writing position.

① Period, question mark, exclamation point, semicolon, comma, pause and colon generally occupy the position of a word, which is lower to the left and does not appear at the beginning of the line.

(2) quotes, brackets, the first half of the title does not appear at the end of the line, the second half does not appear at the beginning of the line.

(3) Dashes and ellipsis occupy the position of two words, and cannot be broken in the middle. Connectors and separators generally occupy the position of a word. When connecting Pinyin, the connection number accounts for half a word, while when railway, highway and other transportation departments mark the starting and ending points of operation, it accounts for two words. In the sentences above and below these four symbols.

(4) The bottom of the word is marked with bullets, proper names and wavy book titles, which can move with the word.