Where are the historical relics and monuments in Beijing?

1. The Forbidden City

The Forbidden City in Beijing is the royal palace of China's Ming and Qing dynasties. It was formerly known as the Forbidden City. It is located at the center of Beijing's central axis and is the essence of ancient Chinese palace architecture. The Forbidden City in Beijing is known as the first of the five major palaces in the world. It is a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction. It was listed as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 1961 and a world cultural heritage in 1987.

2. The Great Wall

The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is a military defense project in ancient China. It is a tall, strong and continuous long wall used to Limit the movement of enemy cavalry.

The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty. The famous allusion "playing with princes with beacon fire" in the capital Haojing (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi) originated from this. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, when various countries competed for hegemony and defended each other, the construction of the Great Wall entered its first climax, but at this time the length of the construction was relatively short. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed the six kingdoms and unified the world, Qin Shihuang connected and repaired the Great Wall during the Warring States Period, and it became known as the Great Wall.

3. Zhoukoudian Peking Man Ruins

The Zhoukoudian Ruins Museum is located at the foot of Longgu Mountain in Zhoukoudian, Fangshan District, southwest of Beijing. It is an ancient human ruins museum founded in 1953. In 1929, Chinese paleoanthropologist Mr. Pei Wenzhong unearthed the first complete skull fossil of "Peking Man" in Longgu Mountain, which shocked the world. It is a world cultural heritage, a national AAAA-level scenic spot, a national key cultural relics protection unit, and one of the top 100 patriotism education demonstration bases in the country.

4. Temple of Heaven

The Temple of Heaven is a world cultural heritage, a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national AAAAA tourist attraction, and a national civilized scenic tourist area demonstration site. The Temple of Heaven was built in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420), and was rebuilt during the Qianlong and Guangxu reigns of the Qing Dynasty. It was a place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties offered sacrifices to the emperor and prayed for a good harvest.

5. Summer Palace

The Summer Palace, a royal garden during the Qing Dynasty in China, formerly known as Qingyi Garden, is located in the western suburbs of Beijing.

Before Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty succeeded to the throne, four large royal gardens were built in the western suburbs of Beijing. In the fifteenth year of Qianlong's reign (1750), Emperor Qianlong used 4.48 million taels of silver to renovate the site into Qingyi Garden in order to honor his mother, Queen Xiaosheng, forming a 20-kilometer royal garden area from the current Qinghua Garden to Xiangshan. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), Qingyi Garden was burned down by the British and French forces. It was rebuilt in the 14th year of Guangxu (1888) and renamed the Summer Palace as a summer entertainment place. In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900), the Summer Palace was again destroyed by the "Eight-Power Allied Forces" and all the treasures were looted. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the Summer Palace was again destroyed during warlord wars and Kuomintang rule.

6. Ming Tombs

The Ming Tombs are a world cultural heritage, a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national key scenic spot, and a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction.

From the construction of Changling in May of the seventh year of Yongle (1409) until the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen, was buried in Siling, during this period of more than 230 years, thirteen emperors' tombs and seven concubines were built. Tomb, a eunuch's tomb. The emperor buried thirteen emperors, twenty-three queens, two princes, more than thirty concubines, and two eunuchs.

7. Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the longest and largest ancient canal in the world. It is also one of the oldest canals. It is also known as the Great Wall and Karez. The three great projects in ancient China are still in use today. They are a great project created by the working people of ancient China and one of the symbols of China's cultural status.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu excavated the site to conquer the State of Qi. In the Sui Dynasty, it was greatly expanded and connected to the capital Luoyang and connected to Zhuo County. During the renovation of the Yuan Dynasty, it abandoned Luoyang and took it all the way to Beijing. It has a history of more than 2,500 years. In 2002, the Grand Canal was included in the eastern route of the "South-to-North Water Diversion" project. On June 22, 2014, the 38th World Heritage Conference announced that the China Grand Canal project was successfully selected into the World Cultural Heritage List, becoming China's 46th World Heritage project.

Extended information:

Beijing, referred to as "Beijing", is the capital, municipality, national central city, megacity, international metropolis, and national political center of the Republic of China. The center, the cultural center, the international exchange center, and the scientific and technological innovation center are the central committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China, the National People’s Congress, the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and the People’s Republic of China. It is the seat of the Central Military Commission of the Republic of China and the headquarters of the Central Theater Command.

Beijing is one of the first batch of national historical and cultural cities and the city with the largest number of world cultural heritages in the world. Its more than 3,000 years of history have given birth to many places of interest such as the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Badaling Great Wall, and the Summer Palace. As early as 700,000 years ago, the primitive tribe "Peking Man" appeared in the Zhoukoudian area of ??Beijing. In 1045 BC, Beijing became the capital of Ji, Yan and other vassal states. Since 938 AD, Beijing has successively become the capital of the Liao Dynasty, the central capital of the Jin Dynasty, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, the capital of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the capital of the Beiyang Government of the Republic of China. On October 1, 1949, it became the capital of the Republic of China.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing