Basic knowledge on fire safety technology

1. What is included in the fire safety technical disclosure?

Contents of the disclosure:

1. Comply with the "Fire Protection Law" and "Regulations on Fire Supervision, Audit and Management of Construction Projects" , conscientiously implement the guidelines of "prevention first, combining prevention and firefighting" in fire protection work.

2. The construction site layout, construction methods and construction technology must comply with fire protection requirements.

3. Various warning signs, operating procedure signs, and fire prohibition signs must be hung in a conspicuous and complete manner. A fire protection floor plan must be drawn to clearly define the fire exits and the location of fire fighting equipment.

4. Production areas, living areas, material storage areas, processing areas and other locations must be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and designated personnel should be designated to maintain, manage, and regularly update them to ensure completeness and usability.

5. Strictly implement the fire approval system and take effective safety isolation measures during hot construction.

6. Organize the learning of fire prevention and fire protection knowledge for all employees, so that all employees can achieve the "three understandings and three meetings", that is: if they understand fire prevention knowledge, they can report a fire alarm; they understand the performance and use methods of fire protection equipment, and they can use fire extinguishers. equipment; know the knowledge of fire extinguishing and be able to put out the first fire.

7. When using thermal insulation and heating measures during winter construction, safety education should be conducted and protective and isolation measures should be taken.

2. Do you know a brief knowledge of fire safety?

Do you know a brief knowledge of fire safety?

1. What should we pay attention to in fire prevention?

There are many measures to prevent fires. We must first start with the small things in daily life:

1. Don’t play with fire.

2. Take good care of fire protection facilities. In order to prevent fires and fire accidents, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, fire sandboxes and other fire-fighting facilities are installed in residential buildings and public places. There are also safe passages for people to evacuate when a fire occurs. We must consciously take care of the fire-fighting facilities. Ensure the smooth flow of safe passages.

2. How to pay attention to fire prevention at home?

Fires in homes are often caused by careless use of fire and improper use of electrical appliances. Students should pay attention to:

1. The use of household appliances must comply with safety requirements and do not disassemble them randomly to avoid Resulting in a decrease in safety performance and causing a fire.

2. Be careful when using heating appliances (such as electric irons) to avoid igniting flammable items.

3. After using the electrical appliance or when people leave, turn off the power in time to prevent the electrical appliance from overheating and causing danger.

4. When using gas appliances, you must prevent gas leakage and turn off the gas source after use.

3. How to pay attention to fire prevention in school?

There are also fire safety issues in schools. The following points should be paid attention to:

1. Do not bring matches, lighters and other fires into the campus, and do not bring gasoline, firecrackers and other easily accessible items. Inflammable and explosive items enter the campus.

2. When the experimental class requires the use of alcohol lamps and some flammable chemicals, it must be conducted under the guidance of the teacher and strictly in accordance with the operating requirements. Always be careful to prevent the risk of fire.

3. Fire protection installation safety technical disclosure record

Original publisher: song12345jx

Construction site fire protection safety technical disclosure record project name: Dexing Copper Mine Shantytown Renovation (Zhujiaping Phase I) Section A Safety Awareness Meeting on the 2.25 Jiangxi Nanchang Hotel Fire Accident Host: Chen Xinfa Participants: All project department managers and team leaders (meeting sign-in form attached) Meeting time: February 25, 2017 At around 12:00 on February 25, 2017, a fire broke out in the Baijinhui HNA Hotel in Honggutan, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. The fire floor was on the second floor and was being renovated. There were more than a dozen workers working inside. After the fire, People were trapped and smoke billowed from the scene. The fire accident has caused 10 deaths and 13 people were injured and hospitalized. Yang Wenbin, deputy mayor of Nanchang City ***, said that the cause of this major fire accident was initially determined to be illegal welding and cutting by workers, and 24 people involved have been controlled. According to the investigation, the representative who signed the shareholder capital increase and share expansion agreement is Liu Moumou, who is from Luojiaji, Nanchang. Other relevant information is still under inquiry and investigation. Among the 10 people who died in the accident, 3 people from Jinxian County were hotel guests and the remaining 7 were decoration workers. Another 13 people were hospitalized for treatment. As of 17:30 on February 25, 4 outpatients had been discharged, and there are currently 9 inpatients left.

Among the 9 hospitalized patients, 3 are in critical condition and the vital signs of the other 6 are temporarily stable. In response to this accident, all managers and team leaders must carefully learn the lessons from this accident, draw inferences from one instance and do a solid job in safety production. While fully implementing the production safety responsibility system, we must also strictly focus on fire prevention and control. Conduct fire safety briefings for all workers to prevent similar situations from happening. Nanchang Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd. Dexing Copper Mine Shantytown Renovation (Zhujiaping Phase I) Section B Project Department held a safety awareness meeting on the 2.25 Jiangxi Nanchang Hotel Fire Accident on February 25, 2017. Host: Xiong Xinran Participants: Project General management of the department

4. Fire safety tips

Next, I will introduce to you what to do in the event of a fire

To escape from heavy smoke, you must Lower your body as low as possible and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

Don’t jump off the building blindly. You can use ropes or tear sheets into strips, tie them tightly to door and window stalls and heavy objects, and slide down smoothly.

When surrounded by fire and there is no other way to save yourself, you can use flashlights and eye-catching objects to continuously send out distress signals so that the fire brigade can detect them in time and organize rescue.

How do the people upstairs escape when the stairs catch fire?

People tend to panic when there is a fire on the stairs. Especially the people upstairs were so anxious that they didn't know what to do. Once such a fire occurs, you must not be afraid in the face of danger. You must first stabilize your emotions, keep a clear head, and find ways to put out the fire on the spot. For example, if the fire cannot be extinguished immediately, such as pouring water with water or covering it with wet quilts, the fire will become more intense and people will be in danger of being trapped by the fire. At this time, they should try to escape. Sometimes there is a fire in a building, but the stairs are not on fire, but thick smoke often pours into the stairwell. People upstairs can easily have the illusion that the stairs have been cut off and there is no way out. In fact, in most cases, the stairs are not on fire, and everything can be done. Get out of the way. If you are choked by smoke, you can cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and get close to the floor or simply run away. Even if the stairs are blocked by flames, when there is no other way out, you can use wet quilts and other materials as cover to rush out as soon as possible. If the stairs have indeed been burned down by fire and you seem to be in a desperate situation, you should also think calmly whether there are other stairs to take, whether it can be transferred from the roof or balcony, whether you can borrow water pipes, bamboo poles or ropes to slide down. , is it possible to jump down level by level, etc. As long as you use your brain more, you can usually save it.

If children, elderly people, patients, etc. are trapped upstairs, they should be rescued as soon as possible, such as wrapping them up with quilts, blankets, cotton-padded jackets, etc. If there is a rope, use a rope, or if there is no rope, tie it up with a torn sheet, slide down the rope, or throw it on the balcony, roof, etc., and try to escape as soon as possible.

Calling for help is also an important rescue method. People trapped in the fire have no way to get out. When the surrounding people hear the call for help, they will also try to rescue them, or report to the fire brigade for rescue.

Ten tips for home fire emergency

1. The first fire is the easiest to put out. Before the fire truck arrives, if you can concentrate all your efforts on rescue, you can often turn the danger into safety.

2. Call the police as early as possible. The earlier you call the police, the smaller the loss will be. Remember the "119" fire alarm number.

3. Put out the fire first, and then move the property. A moment's delay can easily lead to a catastrophe. In the event of a fire, it is not advisable to rescue property first, as you may die of suffocation or lose the opportunity to escape.

4. Only by staying calm and strictly observing order can you retreat safely from the fire. If they rush to be first, crowd each other, block the passages, and trample each other, it will cause undue tragedy.

5. When the passage downstairs is blocked by fire and you have no way to escape, tear the quilt sheets and tablecloth into cloth, form a rope, fasten it to the window sill, and then use the corners of your clothes to protect your palms. abseil down.

6. If there is a fire in the adjacent room, do not open the door. Jump into the window or balcony and call for help or use other methods to escape. Otherwise, hot air and thick smoke will take advantage of the situation and make people suffocate.

7. When the smoke is thick, there is no need to panic. It is better to crawl forward with your knees and elbows on the ground, because there is often fresh air left near the ground. Note that breathing should be small and shallow.

8. If you have to go upstairs, you must hold your breath and go upstairs. Because the rising speed of thick smoke is 3-5 meters per second, and the speed of people going upstairs is 3-5 meters per second, and the speed of people going upstairs is 0.5 meters per second.

9. When escaping, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel.

You can also use water from a vase, kettle, or goldfish bowl in the room to wet your clothes or cloth to cover your mouth and nose. When escaping with a baby, you can lightly cover his face with a wet cloth, hold him with one hand, and grab the baby with the other hand to escape.

10. The door to the room with fire must be closed tightly before escaping. Especially in buildings and hotels with many residents, adopting this measure can keep flames and smoke within a room and prevent them from spreading rapidly, which can buy you and everyone valuable time.

Preventive measures for fires in public places

In order to effectively prevent fire accidents in public places, in addition to strengthening fire prevention knowledge education for people, the following must also be taken Safety measures:

1. When using electric heating equipment in public places, keep away from flammable materials. For example, the infrared heater used has a very high surface temperature and can easily cause a fire if it is close to flammable substances.

2. The lighting fixtures used must keep a certain safe distance from flammable substances. Otherwise, if the lighting fixture is close to the wooden board or other combustible materials, the danger will be great. Because the surface temperature of the bulb is very high. For example, the surface temperature of a 60W incandescent lamp can reach 135-180°C; the surface temperature of a 100W incandescent lamp can reach 170-220°C. Therefore, when the light bulb is in contact with combustible materials for a long time, it will cause a fire.

3. When people use an electric iron to iron clothes or use a hair dryer to style their hair, after use, they should cut off the power in time and place it on a non-combustible base. After the residual heat from the lamp has dissipated, Store it again. Do not put it into the carton immediately after use, otherwise the residual heat will attract other flammable items and cause a fire.

4. After using the soldering iron used by people to repair electrical equipment in public places, they should also unplug the power plug first, and then place it on a non-combustible base or on the cement floor. Never place it on the floor or desk to prevent the temperature from being too high and causing a fire on the floor, desk and other combustible materials

5. Safety technical briefing complete

***Bureau* Safety Technical Operating Procedures for Construction Workers of the Company's ** Branch Chapter 1: General Provisions Section 1 Construction Site Article 1: Production commanders at the construction site must be familiar with the safety technical standards, procedures and environmental protection regulations related to the projects they undertake. Relevant requirements, and workers should be briefed on environmental protection and safe operating methods.

Workers participating in construction (including apprentices, interns, agency training personnel, and migrant workers) must be familiar with the safety technical operating procedures of this type of work and the general safety requirements of the construction site. During operation, you should stick to your job and operating under the influence of alcohol is strictly prohibited.

Article 2: Special operations personnel, such as electricians, welders, stokers, blasters, crane drivers, pile driver drivers and various motor vehicle drivers and operators of various equipment and erection workers, You must undergo special training and pass the examination to obtain an operation certificate before you are allowed to operate independently. Article 3: Correctly use personal protective equipment and safety protection facilities.

When entering the construction site, you must wear a safety helmet. No slippers or bare feet allowed.

Safety belts must be worn when constructing at high altitudes, cliffs and steep slopes without protective facilities. Entrances and exits where cross-working operations are dangerous must have protective sheds or other isolation facilities.

Protective railings, baffles or safety nets are required when working more than 3 meters above the ground. Safety helmets, seat belts, and safety nets must be inspected regularly. If they do not meet the requirements, they are strictly prohibited from use.

Article 4: Site safety regulations, systems, safety discipline knowledge and other signs should be hung at the entrance of the construction site in accordance with regulations. Scaffolding, protective facilities, safety signs and warning signs at the construction site must not be dismantled without authorization. , if it needs to be dismantled, it must be approved by the person in charge of the construction site. Article 5: There should be protective facilities or obvious safety signs in dangerous places such as holes, pits, trenches, lifts, funnel mouths and high-altitude edges on the construction site.

A red light warning should be set up at night. Article 6: The traffic arteries at the construction site must have obvious traffic signs.

Commands should be installed at intersections with frequent traffic; drop poles should be installed on both sides of train crossings; "Danger" or "No Passage" signs should be hung in dangerous areas. Set up a red light warning at night.

Article 7: Construction workers must conduct post inspections before operation; when leaving get off work, they should collect tools, clean the operation site, and eliminate unsafe factors. Smoking is strictly prohibited in warehouses and operating sites for flammable and explosive materials, and fire-fighting equipment on site is not allowed to be moved without authorization, nor is it allowed to be used for other purposes.

Article 8: During trench construction, the soil stability of the side walls should be checked frequently. If cracks, looseness or supporting movement are found, reinforcement measures should be taken immediately. Determine the distance between stacked materials and construction machinery from the edge of the pit based on soil quality, trench depth, water level, weight of mechanical equipment, etc.

Transport materials to the pit and use signal communication. Article 9: When preparing an acid solution, the acid should be slowly poured into the water first and stirred evenly. It is strictly forbidden to pour water into the acid. The container storing the acid solution should be covered and marked.

Article 10: Protect female workers during menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth and lactation. If a female worker is not competent for this job during pregnancy, she should be transferred to a light job based on a doctor's certificate. 1. Mechanical and electrical equipment Article 11: After all machinery entering the site is installed, it must be inspected and accepted before use. It can only be put into use after passing the inspection and acceptance.

All faulty equipment and equipment under repair cannot be put into operation. Article 12: The base of machinery and power machinery must be stable.

Protective devices must be installed at dangerous rotating parts. Article 13: Machinery, instruments, tools, etc. must be inspected before work and confirmed to be in good condition before use.

Article 14: Electrical equipment and lines must be well insulated, and wires must not be tied to metal objects; all kinds of electric machines and tools must be grounded as required, and a single switch must be installed; in the event of a temporary power outage or When taking a break from work, the gate must be closed and locked. Article 15: Construction machinery and electrical equipment are not allowed to operate while sick or overloaded. If abnormal conditions are found, they should be stopped for inspection and repairs are not allowed during operation.

Article 16: The trial operation of electrical, instrumentation, pipelines and equipment should be carried out in strict accordance with individual safety technical measures. Scrubbing and repairing are not allowed during operation, and it is strictly prohibited to extend the head and hands into the mechanical stroke range.

Article 17: Power should be cut off when working under overhead transmission lines. When power outage is not possible, isolation and protection measures should be taken.

Cranes are not allowed to work under overhead transmission lines, and the boom should be lowered when passing overhead transmission lines. When working on the side of an overhead transmission line, under any circumstances, the closest distance between the lifting arm, wire rope or weight and the overhead transmission line should not be less than the following table: Transmission line below 1 kV 1-20 kV 35 -110 kV 154 kV 220 kV The minimum distance allowed to the transmission line (meters) 1.5 2 4 5 6 Article 18: The voltage of portable lights shall not exceed 36 volts. When working in humid places or metal containers, the voltage of portable lights shall not exceed exceeds 12 volts.

Article 19: Pressurized containers should have safety valves and pressure gauges, and should be protected from exposure to the sun and collisions; oxygen bottles must be strictly prevented from being contaminated with grease; acetylene generators and liquefied petroleum gas must have safety features to prevent backfire device. Article 20: Non-operators are not allowed to enter the X-ray or Y-ray flaw detection operation area.

Article 21: When engaging in corrosive, dusty, radioactive and toxic operations, protective measures must be taken and regular physical examinations must be carried out. Section 3: Working at heights Article 22: Regular physical examinations are required when working at heights.

Anyone diagnosed by a doctor who suffers from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy, or other conditions that are not suitable for high-altitude operations shall not engage in high-altitude operations. Article 23: Climbing and erection workers should go up and down through the prescribed passages. They are not allowed to climb in non-prescribed passages such as between balconies and on scaffolding. They are also not allowed to ride in a hanging basket or climb on construction equipment such as crane arms.

Wear flexible clothing when working at heights. It is prohibited to wear shoes with hard soles and slippery spikes. Article 24: When working at heights, if defects or hidden dangers in safety technical facilities are discovered, they must be promptly resolved or reported to leaders. When personal safety is endangered, operations must be stopped.

Materials used for high-altitude operations must be stacked stably. Objects that may fall should be removed or fixed first. Tools should be readily placed in tool bags (sleeves). It is prohibited to throw objects when passing them up and down. Article 25: When severe weather (such as wind force above Level 6) affects construction safety, it is prohibited to carry out open-air high-altitude, lifting and piling operations.

Article 26: Ladders must not be missing rungs or be used elevated. The distance between ladder rungs is preferably 30 cm.

When using, the upper end should be firmly tied and the lower end should take anti-slip measures. The working angle used for vertical ladders is 75°.

6. Tips on fire safety

Tips on fire safety

1. How to call the police after a fire

1. Dial " Call the fire alarm number 119" to the public security fire brigade.

2. Ride a bicycle to the fire brigade to call the police.

3. Shout loudly.

4. Use wired Broadcast alarm.

2. Things you should pay attention to when a fire breaks out

1. Avoid panic, determine the source of the fire, and escape in the opposite direction to the fire source.

2. Do not use lifting equipment (elevator) to escape.

3. Do not return to the house to retrieve valuables.

4. When a fire occurs at night, wake up first Sleeping people should not only focus on their own escape, but shout as loudly as possible to remind others to escape.

3. How to use fire hydrants

1. Open the fire hydrant box.

2. Extend the water hose.

3. Turn the water stop valve.

4. How to use dry powder fire extinguisher

1. Turn the safety pin Pull open.

2. Move the leather tube toward the fire point.

3. Press the handle hard, select the upwind position close to the fire point, and shoot the dry powder into the base of the flame.

4. After extinguishing, cool it with water to remove the smoke.

5. How to avoid the hazards of fire and smoke during escape

1. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to breathe. Lower your posture to reduce inhalation of heavy smoke.

2. In a place without heavy smoke, cover your head with a transparent plastic bag filled with air to avoid inhaling toxic smoke or gas.

3. If you pass through a fire area on the way to escape, you should first wet your clothes or wrap your body with a wet quilt or blanket, and pass quickly to prevent your body from catching fire.

4. In a smoke-filled environment, it is usually 30 centimeters above the ground. There is still residual air that can be used, so you can escape in a low posture. When crawling, keep your palms, elbows, and knees close to the ground, and escape along the wall to avoid missing the direction.

5. During the fire escape process, Close all the doors behind you, which can reduce the spread of fire and smoke.

6. Things you should pay attention to when smoking

Common combustibles, such as cotton, linen, The ignition point of paper, furniture and other objects is only about 200°C to 300°C, while the temperature of a lit cigarette is two or three times higher than the ignition point temperature of these combustibles, and a cigarette continues to burn for about 10 to 20 minutes. It takes a long time to cause a fire hazard. Therefore, we would like to warn smokers:

1. Do not lie on the bed or sofa and smoke;

2. Do not smoke carelessly, regardless of the occasion. Throw away cigarette butts and match stems;

3. Do not smoke when repairing the car or cleaning parts;

4. Do not let ashes fall on combustible materials when smoking;

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5. Don’t flick cigarette ashes regardless of the occasion;

6. Don’t put unextinguished cigarette butts into your pocket when you are in a hurry;

7. Don’t light up your cigarette butts. Leave burning cigarettes on combustible materials;

8. Do not smoke in places where fire is strictly prohibited.

7. Things to note when using electricity:

1. Overloading of electricity is not allowed, and automatic air switches should be used as much as possible;

2. The circuit of air conditioning equipment should be a separate circuit, and the socket should be a flame-retardant socket;

3. It is necessary to Frequently check electrical circuits to prevent aging, short circuits, leakage, etc.;

4. Do not use other wires to replace fuses;

5. Do not pull wires or add electrical equipment indiscriminately; < /p>

6. No electricity theft.

7. Four basic knowledge of fire safety and four skills

Four basic knowledge:

1. Understand the basics Fire hazard of the job. 1. Prevent electric shock; 2. Prevent fire; 3. Combustible, flammable materials and fire sources.

2. Understand fire prevention measures. 1. Strengthen the management of combustible substances; 2. Manage and control various fire sources; 3. Strengthen the management of electrical equipment and its circuits; 4. Inflammable and explosive places should have sufficient and applicable fire-fighting facilities, and Check it frequently to make sure it is usable and effective.

3. Know how to put out fires. 1. Cooling fire extinguishing method; 2. Isolation fire extinguishing method; 3. Suffocation fire extinguishing method; 4. Suppression fire extinguishing method.

4. Know how to escape. 1. During self-rescue and escape, you must be familiar with the surrounding environment and evacuate the fire scene quickly; 2. During emergency evacuation, ensure that the passage is not blocked and the escape route is smooth; 3. During emergency evacuation, you must obey the command and ensure an orderly evacuation as soon as possible; 4. When When an accident occurs, shout to others, do not delay, so that you can be rescued in time, and do not be greedy for property; 5. Learn to protect yourself, try to keep a low posture and crawl forward, and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel; 6. Stay calm and Use local materials and make your own ropes with curtains and sheets to escape safely; 7. When escaping, go straight to the passage and do not enter the elevator to prevent being locked in the elevator; 8. When fireworks block the escape route, close the doors and windows and use wet Use towels to plug the gaps between doors and windows to prevent smoke from intruding into the room; 9. When your work is on fire, do not panic and run around, roll on the spot to suppress the flames; 10. When there is no way to escape, shout for help in time. Escape from trouble quickly.

Four meetings:

1. Call the police. 1. Shout loudly and use manual alarm equipment to call the police; 2. For example, use a dedicated telephone, manual alarm button, fire hydrant button smash, etc.; 3. Dial the 119 fire alarm number to call the local public security fire department.

2. Be able to use fire-fighting equipment. (The operation method of various portable fire extinguishers is abbreviated as: pull out the safety pin once, hold the nozzle nozzle with two hands, press the handle with three pressures, and aim at the root of the flame with four fingers.)

3. Be able to put out initial fires. When fighting an early stage fire, we must follow the principles of: control first and then eliminate, save people first, and focus first and then general.

4. Evacuation of personnel will be organized. 1. Organize the evacuation of personnel according to the evacuation plan; 2. Report the situation as appropriate to prevent confusion; 3. Implement guidance in groups.

8. What are some tips on fire safety?

1. Consciously maintain public fire safety. If you find a fire, dial 119 immediately. The fire brigade will put out the fire free of charge.

2. If you discover fire hazards or fire safety violations, you can call 96119 and report to the local public security and fire department.

3. Do not bury, occupy, damage, misappropriate or block fire-fighting facilities and equipment.

4. Do not carry flammable and explosive dangerous goods into public places or take public transportation.

5. Do not use open flames or smoke in places where fireworks are strictly prohibited or in crowded places.

6. Purchase qualified fireworks and firecrackers, comply with safety regulations when setting off, and pay attention to fire safety.

7. Households and units should be equipped with necessary fire-fighting equipment and learn how to use it correctly.

8. Every family should develop a fire safety plan, draw an escape and evacuation route map, and promptly check and eliminate fire hazards.

9. Inflammable materials should not be used for interior decoration.

1. Before turning on the air conditioner, check whether there are loose screws, displaced mesh fans and other foreign objects to prevent accidents; the air conditioner must be grounded or connected to zero for protection; flammable items must not be piled around the air conditioner; When leaving, remember to turn off the air conditioner.

2. Try to avoid charging electric vehicles at night. The charging time should generally not exceed 8 hours, because charging beyond the limited time will cause the charger and battery to heat up, which can easily cause a fire when exposed to high temperatures in summer.

3. When using an electric fan, be careful not to allow water to enter to prevent a short circuit. Regularly add engine oil or sewing machine oil to the oil hole to avoid overheating of the motor. If you find that the power consumption is high or the outer casing temperature increases, In case of high-level abnormality, timely maintenance is required; when the electric fan is found to have abnormal noise, smoke, burning smell, or the shell is electrified and the hands are numb, measures to cut off the power supply should be taken quickly.