Have Sun Shaozhen's "masterpiece close reading" original?

by Sun Shaozhen, published by Shanghai Education Press in June, 29

Here's a third one that can be downloaded

/f/7634967.html

Reading Sun Shaozhen's Masterpiece Close Reading-Analysis, Microscopy

Reading Sun Shaozhen's Masterpiece Close Reading this semester, Baidu searches for the person first, and the introduction is as follows. He graduated from Qingpu Junior High School in 1952 and Chinese Department in 196, and worked as a teaching assistant at Peking University. In 1961, it was redistributed to Fujian Chinese Department because of the old account of defending "Rightists" during the "anti-Rightists" period. In 199s, he studied at Trier University in Germany, lectured at the English Department of Southern Oregon University in the United States, and was a visiting researcher at Lingnan College in Hong Kong, and lectured at the Translation Department. At present, he is a professor and doctoral supervisor in the College of Literature of Fujian Normal University, and he is also the vice president of China Literary Theory Society. He began to publish his works in 1953. Joined in 1983. He is the author of poetry anthology Minning Town (Cooperation), prose anthology Facing a Stranger, essays The Structure of Beauty, What Sun Shaozhen Said, Literary Creation, Sun Shaozhen's Collected Works (three volumes), On Variation, Fifty Humors, On the Danger of Beauty-Selected Sun Shaozhen's Humorous Prose, etc. The Theory of Literary Creation won the 1-year Excellent Achievement Award in Fujian Province, the Qifeng Literature Award in Taiwan Province, the first prize of the National Writing Society, and the second prize of the Excellent Achievement in Social Sciences in Fujian Province.

I glanced at the table of contents and went straight to the book "Introduction". It was really extraordinary to read it. I admire Mr. Sun's courage. He really said what his predecessors had not said. Whether in middle school or university class, the microscopic interpretation of classic texts is both a difficulty and a weakness. It is difficult for students to see the text at a glance, and sometimes there are some obstacles in the text, so it is not troublesome to turn to annotations or reference books. This is different from math, physics and English courses. If the teacher doesn't explain the difficulties and doubts in the textbook, students can't understand them thoroughly with spontaneous perceptual understanding. The authority of natural science or foreign language teachers is based on making students understand from ignorance, and from unknown to known. Chinese teachers, however, are not so cheap. What they face is not the perplexed unknown, but the self-righteous "known". If we can't reveal the unknown from the known, point out the blind spots in their feelings and understanding, turn the known into the unknown, and then eloquently reveal the profound mystery, so that they can suddenly realize it, they may fail to live up to the glorious title of teacher. The mission of Chinese teachers is much more arduous and glorious than that of math, physics and English teachers. English teachers' explanations of mathematics and physics are often ready-made and recognized all over the world, while Chinese teachers need to use their lives to make unique comprehension, exploration and discovery. There is a way for people who are not qualified for such tasks, that is, to muddle through, treat others' known as unknown, treat their unknown as non-existent, repeatedly wage guerrilla warfare outside the text, and repeatedly nag about what people know, ready-made, incomprehensible and lifeless, and even artificially create difficulties, confuse themselves and fool students. Such a teacher failed his life in vain. According to common sense, such teachers should be very few, but according to my years of observation, the reality is just the opposite. I'm asking myself whether I've scrutinized the text repeatedly and whether I have my own unique understanding.

I would like to ask the professors of Chinese Department in universities to teach Chinese in middle schools. How sure are you that you can surpass the standard of middle schools in micro-analysis? Excuse me, how many professors of classical literature can convince people of the beauty of "Frost leaves are red in February flowers", "February spring breeze is like scissors", "The grass is close at a distance, but there is nothing" and "The canoe has passed Chung Shan Man"? What's so good about "leaves are dropping down like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river always rolling on"? It's been spoken for many years, and it's still the impressionistic language in classical poetry. What is needed in the middle school classroom is genuine and systematic analysis, not mysterious and empty praise. I would like to ask the professor of aesthetics, if the students reflect that the image of the father in The Back is "very ungainly" and "violates traffic rules", how many people can point out what kind of aesthetic problem this is on the spot? Who can theoretically answer students' questions: Are Xue Baochai, Fan Yi and Zhou Puyuan bad people? For a long time, the interpretation of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond reflects "the depression and contradiction of intellectuals after the failure of the Great Revolution". Who can see the shackles of literary concepts and thinking methods from it? If students can't feel the beauty of life declining in Autumn in the Old Capital by Yu Dafu, how should they deal with it? For Xu Zhimo's Farewell to Cambridge, middle school teachers feel unable to analyze it. Can you tell them where to find the contradiction? Why is there no murderer in Xianglinsao's death? Why does the "I" in Blessing feel guilty? How to explain whether the novel is redundant? Why did Lu Xun say in his letter to Fu Sinian that "Diary of a Madman" was "very naive and should not be like this in art"? Why do you like Kong Yiji best? So where is the artistic maturity of Kong Yiji? In "The Last Lesson", is it credible that little French changed his mind about learning French? A day later, he relapsed and hated French grammar. What should I do? In "Necklace", it is found that the borrowed necklace is fake. Why not continue to write and exchange the real necklace to make up for the economic loss? Isn't this more "interlocking"? Why do the characters in The Emperor's New Clothes have no personality? The wise old man in "Yu Gong Yi Shan" is really realistic and wise, and it is Yu Gong who is reckless. Should Zhicuo be rehabilitated? How to analyze the transformation between "stupidity" and "intelligence"? In A Chang and Shan Hai Jing, Lu Xun introduced the first mother's name in two paragraphs, wasn't it redundant? Why did Lu Xun, who advocated deleting unnecessary words as much as possible, waste space like this? Wait, wait, wait

To solve these microscopic problems, we should not only have profound macro-learning, but also have the kung fu of concrete analysis of specific problems. This kind of kung fu is not ordinary, but excellent. The characteristic of this kind of excellent kung fu is to see the spirit in detail, the more subtle, the more sophisticated and the more academic. A foot's hammer, half a day, inexhaustible, thorough analysis is fearless and inexhaustible. This is the tip of wisdom and the peak experience of life. At such a cutting edge, the title of professor does not guarantee any advantage. The naivety and rudeness of micro-analysis originated from the university classroom, which poisoned primary and secondary schools for a long time and became a stubborn disease. University professors should feel ashamed, blushing and ashamed. However, the reality is that the professors who show compassion for others live well. Why is this? The college system of the university sheltered them. The academic evaluation system regards the microscopic analysis of the text as "pediatrics". In fact, this is ignorance. No matter in natural science, economic science or even management science, micro-analysis is by no means a "pediatrician" but a "university question". The teaching of the famous MBA in the United States and the most famous colleges (such as Harvard and Northwest University) is mainly based on case analysis, and even the graduation thesis can be omitted.

Macro-basic research and applied research in specific departments are closely related. Theoretical physics and experimental physics promote each other. Studying the origin and development of the universe and human beings is a question for universities. Study a grain of sand and see the whole world from it; Study a drop of water and see the sea from it; Study the virus of civet cats and find the way to restrain SARS; It is also a question for universities to study fruit flies and seek the way of longevity from them. Studying cerebral vessels is not necessarily more noble than studying squid. Macro has macro difficulties and limitations, and micro has micro difficulties and limitations. The two should not be neglected. However, what is most lacking at present may still be microscopic. Of course, I don't want to blame all the responsibilities on university professors. Middle schools have their own problems.

Empty talk, cliche, big talk, nonsense and even slang, which lack micro-foundation, have long been a chronic disease. However, in the reform of basic education, by emphasizing the equal dialogue between teachers and students, they found a legal refuge, so full-time irrigation turned into full-time questioning. Shallow questions, retarded answers, and talkative people are everywhere. On the surface, it's noisy, but in essence, it's empty and confused. Put on a show in the method of dealing with the text, multimedia luxury packaging, fancy, dazzling. However, the analysis of the connotation of the text is sometimes like a dragonfly, and sometimes like a puppet exploring the sea.

As far as learning is concerned, there are two methods. One is to grasp the general principles on the basis of macro-theoretical construction, and then build a strategic plan from a strategic perspective, and then make a specific analysis of a limited number of cases when necessary; Another method is to conduct extensive and large-scale case analysis after grasping the macro theory to a certain extent, universality and regularity. On the basis of case analysis, develop the theory and even subvert the authoritative theory. It seems that there are fewer people taking this road, which is almost unique in China. However, in the west, structuralism and deconstructionism all started with text analysis. This method is hard and a little handicraft. However, it also has its advantages, that is, its foundation is relatively strong. The theory summarized on the basis of such text analysis has considerable reliability and feasibility.

what is a subtle interpretation? It's only today. I believe that after reading this book, I will definitely read the text carefully and find the wonderful scenery in the nuances.