Introduction to Tiananmen Gate Tower

Tiananmen Rostrum is located in the center of Beijing, the capital of the Republic of China, on the traditional central axis of Beijing, at the southern end of the Forbidden City, close to Tiananmen Square, the Monument to the People's Heroes, and Chairman Mao Memorial. The Great Hall of the People, the Great Hall of the People, and the National Museum of China face each other across Chang'an Street. It covers an area of ??4,800 square meters. It is majestic and majestic in shape. It has attracted the world's attention for its outstanding architectural art and special political status. It is one of the ancient city gates in China. The most outstanding masterpiece.

The Tiananmen Gate Tower is a wooden structure building, with dazzling but orderly arranged brackets and beams under the eaves of the main hall. Dougong is unique to the traditional Chinese wooden frame system. It is a wooden component with the characteristics of warping, elevating and arching. The beam beams are divided into forehead beams and eaves beams. Below the brackets is the forehead beam, with colorful paintings and golden dragon patterns on it. The components between the pillars are called eaves beams, with patterns of golden dragons and seals painted on them.

The main building of Tiananmen Square is divided into upper and lower floors. The upper floor is a majestic tower with double eaves and a mountain-style roof, with a yellow glazed tile roof. It is nine bays wide from east to west and five bays deep from north to south. It is numbered "nine-five" to symbolize the dignity of the emperor. There are 36 doors and windows in diamond pattern on the front. There are white marble railings and railings around the base of the city, with lotus and vase patterns carved on them. Most of the wood used in the tower is nanmu. 60 huge red-painted pillars are arranged neatly. There are caissons and beams on the top of the pillars, and auspicious colorful paintings of golden dragons and group dragon patterns are painted on them. The floor is entirely paved with gold bricks, covering an area of ??about 2,000 square meters. The main and vertical ridges of the roof are decorated with Chi kisses, immortals, and animals; the lower level is a 13-meter-high vermilion platform, surrounded by a low wall capped with glazed tiles, and the lower part is a 1.59-meter-high beautifully carved white marble Xumizuo platform. The total area of ??the city platform is 4,800 square meters. There is a hundred-level staircase on the east and west sides for going up and down the city tower, commonly known as the horse path. There are also 5 arched doorways, the middle doorway is the largest, 8.82 meters high and 5.25 meters wide. Only the emperor can enter and exit. In front of the city tower is the Waijinshui River, on which there are seven white marble stone bridges with carved railings. The widest one in the middle is called "Yulu Bridge". It is specially designed for the emperor; on both sides of the Royal Road Bridge is the "Wanggong Bridge" where the royal family and princes pass; the "Grade Bridge" to the left and right of the Wanggong Bridge is for officials of the third rank and above; officials, soldiers and servants below the fourth rank can only walk on the "Wanggong Bridge". Gongsheng Bridge". Gongsheng Bridge is erected in front of the Ancestral Temple (Working People's Cultural Palace) and Shejitan (Zhongshan Park).

There are 60 red-painted wooden columns with a diameter of 92 centimeters in the main hall of Tiananmen Gate Tower, which bear most of the weight of the roof building. The 36 doors and windows on the front are in the traditional Chinese rhombus pattern. The ceiling caissons on the roof are painted with dragon patterns. The criss-crossing beams and squares in the hall are painted with golden dragons and seals; 17 quaint large palace lanterns, the largest The first one is called the main lamp, with 8 sides, a total height of 6 meters, a diameter of 2.8 meters, and a weight of about 450 kilograms; the remaining 16 are 6-sided auxiliary lamps, each with a height of 6 meters, a diameter of 2.2 meters, and a weight of about 350 kilograms. Kilogram. Each lamp has a small umbrella-shaped lamp in the corner.

There are five gates under the Tiananmen platform. The middle gate is the largest and is located on the central axis of the Imperial City of Beijing. In the past, only the emperor could enter and exit through this gate. A huge portrait of Chairman Mao Zedong hangs above the central doorway. On both sides are large slogans "Long Live the Republic of the People's Republic of China" and "Long Live the Great Unity of the People of the World".

Tiananmen was originally the main gate of the imperial city in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was built in the 15th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty. It was originally called "Chengtianmen", which means being destined to be destined by heaven. It was rebuilt in the eighth year of Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty and renamed Tiananmen. Tiananmen is 33.7 meters high and the city platform below is built on the 1.59-meter Xumizuo. The height of the city platform is 14.6 meters. The city platform is a tower with double eaves on the top of the mountain, 9 bays wide and 5 bays deep. The two numbers 9 and 5 symbolize the supreme. The tower has 60 towering giant pillars, paved with gold bricks, rhombus lattice doors on the north and south sides, and the ceiling arches and beams are covered with traditional Chinese auspicious patterns and golden dragon paintings. There are five arched door openings on the front of the tower, and the door in the middle. Only the emperor has access. A portrait of Mao Zedong hangs above the central doorway, and on both sides are large slogans "Long live the Republic of the People's Republic of China" and "Long live the great unity of the people of the world."

Tiananmen was the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties issued edicts.

It will only be used when the new emperor ascends the throne, gets married, offers sacrifices to heaven and earth, and other major celebrations, and when the emperor's parents enter the palace. In addition, when the emperor's chariot or generals go on an expedition, they must sacrifice roads and flags in front of Tiananmen in order to achieve success and triumph. Return. In front of the city tower is the Waijinshui River, on which there are seven white marble stone bridges with carved balustrades. The widest one in the middle is called the "Yulu Bridge", which was specially designed for the emperor. On both sides of the "Yulu Bridge" are the "Wanggong Bridge" where the princes of the clan passed. The "Grade Bridge" to the left and right of the "Wang Gong Bridge" is for officials of the third rank and above; officials and soldiers of the fourth rank and below can only walk on the "Gongsheng Bridge". Gongsheng Bridge was built in front of the Ancestral Temple, which is today's Working People's Cultural Palace, and the Sheji Altar, which is today's Zhongshan Park. After liberation, the palace underwent four repairs.