Review of earthquake science popularization and peer activities

After reading a work carefully, I believe everyone has a lot to share, so it's time to go back and write about it. But how to write the feedback is appropriate? The following is my review of earthquake science popularization activities with peers. Welcome to read and collect. Post-earthquake science popularization and peer activities: Part 1

Effective rescue methods should be adopted according to the actual situation of post-earthquake environment and conditions, with the aim of safely rescuing the buried people from the ruins.

After knowing and searching, it is determined that there are people buried in the ruins, then the buried position is determined, and rescue signals are transmitted by shouting or knocking at the ruins.

during the rescue, special attention should be paid to the safety of buried personnel. First, the tools used (such as iron bars, hoes, sticks, etc.) should not hurt the buried personnel; Second, don't destroy the supporting conditions around the space where the buried personnel are located, cause new collapse, and make the buried personnel in distress again; Third, we should communicate with the closed space of buried personnel as soon as possible to make fresh air flow to people, and if the dust is too heavy during excavation, we should spray water to reduce dust to avoid suffocation of buried personnel; Fourth, burying for a long time is difficult to rescue for a while, so we can try to deliver drinking water, food and medicine to the buried person to maintain his life.

Before the rescue operation, we should plan and step by step, and consider where to dig, where not to dig, where to use hoes and where to use sticks.

In the past, rescuers acted blindly, stepping on the roof of the buried person's head and killing the buried person. Therefore, scientific analysis and action are needed in the rescue process to get good rescue effect, and blind action will often cause new harm to the rescued object. After the earthquake, there are likely to be aftershocks, and the location of the aftershocks may not be very close to the source. So learning to save yourself is one of the most important measures after the earthquake.

when an earthquake happens, it is essential to have a clear head and a calm attitude. Only when you are calm, it is possible to judge the magnitude and distance of an earthquake by using the earthquake knowledge you usually learn. Recent earthquakes often start with ups and downs, and then swing from side to side. Distant earthquakes are less bumpy, but mainly swaying from side to side, and the sound is crisp and the vibration is small. Generally, small earthquakes and distant earthquakes do not have to flee.

It can be seen that earthquakes, although not completely avoided and controlled by human beings at present, can minimize disasters as long as they can master the skills of self-help and mutual rescue. To sum up, there are the following points:

1. It is very important to keep calm in the earthquake. It has been observed that many innocent people are not killed by crushing or crushing injuries due to the collapse of their houses, but because of mental breakdown and loss of hope of survival, they shout and scream indiscriminately and "strangle" themselves in extreme fear. This is because yelling will accelerate metabolism, increase oxygen consumption, reduce physical strength and tolerance; At the same time, yelling is bound to inhale a lot of smoke and dust, which is easy to cause suffocation and increase unnecessary casualties. The correct attitude is to remain calm in any harsh environment, analyze the environment, find a way out and wait for rescue.

2. Hemostasis, fixation injury and crush injury are common injuries in earthquakes. Open wound and external bleeding should first stop bleeding and raise the affected limb, and at the same time call for help. For open fractures, site reduction should not be done to prevent tissue from being injured again. Generally, clean gauze should be used to cover the wound surface and simple fixation should be made before operation. Fractures in different parts shall be fixed according to different requirements. They were classified and graded according to different injuries and injuries, and sent to the hospital for further treatment.

3. When properly handling the crush injury of the wound, you should try to relieve the heavy pressure as soon as possible. If you encounter a large area of trauma, you should keep the wound clean and wrap it with clean gauze. If you suspect tetanus and aerogenes infection, you should immediately contact the hospital for timely diagnosis and treatment. For large-scale trauma and severe trauma, oral sugar salt water can be taken to prevent shock.

4. Preventing fire and earthquake often causes many "secondary disasters", and fire is a common one. In a fire, you should leave the scene of the fire as soon as possible, take off the burning clothes, or cover yourself with wet clothes, or roll on the ground, or you can directly pour water to put out the fire. Don't beat the flames with your hands, or you will burn your hands. After being bandaged with sterilized gauze or clean cloth, it is sent to the hospital for further treatment.

5. At the same time, we should prevent tetanus and gas gangrene, and bury the corpse as soon as possible, pay attention to the hygiene of diet and drinking water, and prevent the great epidemic after the disaster. On March 24th, the launching ceremony of Sichuan Primary and Secondary School Safety Education Day and the theme activity of "Earthquake Science Walking Together" was held in kangding city Experimental Primary School, Ganzi Prefecture, and a number of popular science books on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction were donated to the teachers and students of the school. Jiang Xiaolin, deputy director of the Seismological Bureau of the province and deputy director of the Emergency Management Department, Feng Junfeng, deputy governor of Ganzi Prefecture, and other leaders attended.

the theme activity of "earthquake science popularization goes hand in hand" is an important activity of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction science popularization jointly carried out by Seismological Bureau of China, Ministry of Education, Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission and Association for Science and Technology. According to the overall arrangement of this activity, the theme activity of "earthquake science popularization hand in hand" in Sichuan Province decided to take Ganzi Prefecture as a pilot, and strive to comprehensively improve the scientific literacy of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of the public through "one-year pilot and three-year promotion".

Jiang Xiaolin pointed out in his speech that practice has proved that improving the scientific quality of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of the public is an effective way to reduce the risk and loss of earthquake disasters. Doing a good job in popular science of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in the new era is a realistic need to promote earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in Sichuan ethnic areas and an urgent need to improve the scientific quality of people in ethnic areas.

Jiang Xiaolin emphasized that the theme activity of "earthquake science goes hand in hand" takes primary and secondary schools as the core position, teachers and students as the key targets, ethnic areas as the main areas, and capacity enhancement as the fundamental task, and takes the "Five Ones" series of activities: donating a set of books, holding a lecture, holding a drill, holding a theme class meeting and cultivating a communicator as the main contents, which is important for improving the scientific literacy of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction of the public in the province. All levels of emergency, education, folk religion, science and technology association and other relevant departments should improve their ideological understanding, take pragmatic and effective measures, provide necessary supporting conditions, and solidly promote the theme activities.

Jiang Xiaolin hopes that the pilot school will seriously organize and carry out the "Five Ones" series of activities, incorporate the scientific knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction into the safety education program of primary and secondary schools, realize the normalization of popular science of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, give full play to the popular science effect of "educating a student, influencing a family and driving the whole society", and make due contributions to the construction of a safe Sichuan. The earthquake is cruel, making many people displaced, making many people lose their precious lives, being separated from their relatives by a day, and making many children lose their parents, leaving a shadow in their young hearts that cannot be erased. After the earthquake, the city was in ruins, with cries and screams. The scene of the earthquake made people stunned. When we saw those poor victims, we felt sympathy for them.

I want to ask, why did the earthquake happen? After searching on the Internet, I know: Because the earth is constantly moving and changing, it gradually accumulates huge energy, which causes the rock strata to suddenly rupture or cause the original faults to move. This is an earthquake. Earthquakes can also cause disasters such as volcanic eruptions and tsunamis. In the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake in 28, high-rise buildings collapsed, killing more than 68 thousand compatriots in the province; More than 17,9 missing compatriots; Rural houses were damaged by 3.476 million households; There were 4.45 million wounded and sick people. This huge number after another shows that this earthquake is very big, and how much damage and loss it has brought to Wenchuan compatriots. And our people in other places are always concerned about the disaster and donate money to Wenchuan compatriots. 1.6 billion yuan, here bread contains our concern for Wenchuan compatriots. Their death has brought us endless sorrow, but also awakened us to pay more attention to the usual earthquake drills and knowledge when an earthquake occurs, you know? Let me talk about it.

During an earthquake:

First, be careful not to panic. Only when you are calm can you have a clear mind and make a correct judgment.

Second, you should hide first in an earthquake, because the escape time in an earthquake is only 12 seconds of gold, but the earthquake will shake the ground, just like walking on a suspension bridge, and it is not feasible to escape. You have to hide in a corner or toilet, and a relatively solid corner will form a "survival triangle" when the wall collapses.

Third, when the earthquake situation is stable, you can escape. When you escape, you should hold your head and cover the important parts and run to the open place. I learned these three points when I was listening to the earthquake lecture. Everyone should know more about these common sense, which may be of great help to you during the earthquake. So, why is our mother earth so cruel? I think we have to find the reason from ourselves. Mother Earth is selfless. She gives us everything she has, such as mineral resources, water resources, forest resources, biological resources and so on. What is not given to us by her? However, we humans always take from her, even destroy natural resources at will, and recklessly abuse chemicals to hurt our mother earth, so she will be angry. These earthquakes are her punishment for us, and this is also the evil result of our failure to protect the earth carefully. Earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, starting from me, let us pay more attention to environmental protection, cherish our nature and protect our mother earth, but she will always smile and our disasters will be much less. 5

Students who have studied geography know that China is located between the Pacific Rim seismic belt and the Eurasian seismic belt, and is squeezed by the Pacific plate, the Indian plate and the Philippine Sea plate, and the seismic fault zone is very active. According to the statistics of earthquake monitoring data in previous years, the frequency of earthquakes of magnitude 5 in mainland China is about 2 times a year, the frequency of earthquakes of magnitude 6 is about 3-4 times a year, and the frequency of earthquakes of magnitude 7 is about 2 times every three years.

At present, the prediction level of an earthquake can't accurately tell the time, place and magnitude, but after decades of exploration, we have a way to reduce the losses caused by the earthquake, which is "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction".

When an earthquake strikes suddenly without the forecast of impending earthquake, please be calm and keep a clear head first. Because the strong vibration lasts only a few seconds to tens of seconds, the time is short, so the method of "nearby shock absorption" should be adopted.

If you encounter an earthquake at home, first turn off the liquefied gas and cut off the power supply to prevent fire. Then hide under solid furniture (such as beds, dining tables, etc.) nearby, or hide in the inner corner or open a small bathroom, and then evacuate to an open place outside after the earthquake to prevent aftershocks.

If you encounter an earthquake while walking outdoors, don't hide in billboards, neon stands, telephone poles, etc., and quickly run to an open place to hide, squat down and put your head in your hands. You need to run to an open place quickly to avoid, squat down and put your head in your hands. It is best to cover your head with a bag or soft items around you.

If you have a class in the school classroom or have a meeting in the auditorium and suddenly encounter an earthquake, don't panic and flee. Running around and squeezing will cause trampling, squeezing and crushing, which will lead to unimaginable consequences. Students can temporarily hide under their desks, with their backs to the windows, and protect their heads with schoolbags. After the earthquake subsides, they can quickly and orderly run to the playground and other open places under the command of the teacher. If you are on the playground, you should run to the middle quickly, never hide under the shelf or at the corner, and never run back to the teaching building to avoid being hurt by falling walls or falling glass and bricks. Evacuation should be organized after the earthquake.

"knowing the earthquake" will not "fear the earthquake". Although the earthquake is unpredictable, we can plan ahead and learn more about scientific earthquake prevention and safe escape, so as to prevent earthquakes and reduce disasters and protect our lives. My speech is over, thank you! Post-review of earthquake science popularization and peer activities 6

Causes of earthquakes

The constant movement of materials in the earth will produce a huge energy that acts on rock formations. When this energy is accumulated to a certain extent, some rock formations will bend and deform, and then they will break and move sharply in some fragile areas, releasing huge energy instantly. These energies spread in all directions in the form of seismic waves, and earthquakes occur.

Ways to avoid danger during an earthquake

Generally, it takes only ten seconds from the occurrence of an earthquake to the collapse of a house. This requires us to make the right choice calmly in an instant. People often stand unsteadily when a strong earthquake strikes. If you can't escape for a while, find a relatively safe place nearby to squat or get down. At the same time, try to find a pillow, cushion, schoolbag, washbasin or thick book to protect your head and neck, and then quickly evacuate to the outdoor open area after the earthquake.

1. In residence (buildings and bungalows): To stay away from external walls, doors and windows, you can choose kitchen, bathroom and other places with small rooms that are not easy to collapse. The specific hiding place can be next to the table or bed, or next to solid furniture or close to the wall. Never jump off a building!

2. In the classroom: Students use schoolbags to protect their heads and hide at desks. After the earthquake, the teachers will instruct them to leave the classroom in an orderly manner.

3. In the workshop: turn off the power and air supply quickly, and hide near solid machines, equipment or office furniture.

4. In shopping malls, exhibition halls, subways and other public places: hide under solid columns or corners, and avoid dangerous things such as glass windows, advertising light boxes, tall shelves and large chandeliers. After the earthquake, follow the command of the staff and evacuate in an orderly manner.

5. In gymnasiums and theaters: cover your head, crouch and crouch beside the row chairs.

6. In the vehicle: the driver should immediately drive away from dangerous areas such as overpasses, tall buildings and steep cliffs, and stop on the open road for shock absorption; Passengers should not jump out of the car, and then get off and evacuate after the earthquake.

7. In the open area: try to avoid crowded people, and the whole family should gather together to take care of the elderly and children to avoid getting lost.

8. Special reminder: During an earthquake, many things that are used to it may become deadly "killers", so we must be highly vigilant. Stay away from high-rise buildings, chimneys, tall and old trees, etc., especially buildings with glass curtain walls. Avoid transformers, telephone poles, street lamps, high-voltage lines, billboards and other high-altitude hazards. Avoid dangerous buildings, dangerous walls, narrow alleys, houses with high doors and parapets, and high-piled building materials that are prone to collapse. Don't use the elevator. 7

If you are buried under the rubble during the earthquake, it is dark and there is only a very small space. You must not panic, be calm, and build up your confidence in survival. I believe that someone will come to save you and do everything possible to protect yourself.

After the earthquake, there are often many aftershocks, and the situation may continue to deteriorate. In order to avoid new injuries, we should try our best to improve our environment. At this time, if you have an emergency bag with you, it will play a great role in getting out of danger.

in this extremely unfavorable environment, first of all, we should protect the smooth breathing, remove the sundries in the head and chest, and smell the gas.