Please give it to the unmanned farm in the future.

Unmanned farm is an all-weather, full-process, full-space unmanned production and operation mode by using new generation information technologies such as Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, 5G and robots. Through remote control of farm facilities, equipment, machinery and other intelligent equipment and robots, all farm production and management tasks are completed. The essence of unmanned farm is to realize machine substitution.

Unmanned farms are the final form of machine substitution, and the Internet of Things has replaced human sensory organs. Big data and artificial intelligence form the intelligent cloud brain, replacing the human brain; Unmanned agricultural machinery (hereinafter referred to as unmanned agricultural machinery) refers to all robots, drones and mechanical equipment. Used in agricultural production) has replaced manned agricultural machinery that requires the participation of human limbs.

The key technologies of unmanned farms mainly include Internet of Things technology, big data technology, artificial intelligence technology and unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment technology. According to the module division, the key technologies of unmanned farms can generally be divided into perception data fusion technology module, planning decision-making technology module and control execution technology module. Perceptual data fusion technology module mainly includes Internet of Things technology, planning and decision technology module mainly includes big data technology and artificial intelligence technology, and control and execution technology module mainly includes unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment technology. The key technologies of unmanned farms mainly include the following:

(A) Internet of Things technology

In recent years, with the continuous development of traditional Internet technology, the Internet of Things technology has been derived. Internet of things technology mainly includes sensors, data transmission and other technologies. Internet of Things technology connects information such as environment, crops and intelligent agricultural equipment in real time, builds a "neural network" for unmanned farms and provides accurate data support for unmanned farms. Internet of Things technology is the basis of intelligent unmanned farm, which is helpful to scientific and accurate agricultural production.

Sensors are widely used in various agricultural equipment, making the production process of unmanned farms visible and controllable. For example, farming machines use ultrasonic sensors, infrared sensors and pressure sensors to sense the farming depth and farming resistance of machines and tools in real time.

Data transmission technology includes wired data transmission technology and wireless data transmission technology. As a new wireless data transmission technology, 5G technology has the advantages of fast transmission speed and low delay. The application of 5G technology in unmanned farms will become an important development direction of smart agriculture.

(b) Big data technology

Big data technology mainly includes big data collection, processing, storage and analysis. Agricultural big data technology can scientifically and reasonably analyze agricultural data, find the potential relationship between data, and then guide agricultural production. Agricultural big data has now become a new resource for agricultural development. Agricultural big data technology can establish and continuously improve the experience database of unmanned farms and form a more scientific and accurate methodology to guide agricultural production.

(3) artificial intelligence technology

Artificial intelligence technology mainly includes intelligent identification, intelligent learning, intelligent reasoning and intelligent decision-making. Artificial intelligence technology allows unmanned farms to have intelligent brains, and machines have human-like thinking ability. In the process of agricultural production, unmanned farms can learn, train and grow their wisdom independently through artificial intelligence technology, thus making more scientific and reasonable planning decisions. Artificial intelligence technology mainly has application scenarios in agriculture, such as crop identification and detection, crop diseases and insect pests and deficiency diagnosis, precise control of crop production, quality sorting and traceability of agricultural products, and management of land and planting resources.

(D) unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment technology

Unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment technology mainly includes digital condition monitoring, intelligent information perception, automatic navigation control, intelligent power drive and intelligent equipment operation. Unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment mainly includes unmanned agricultural machinery, agricultural robots and agricultural drones. Agricultural machinery unmanned driving is an important embodiment of unmanned farms. Unmanned agricultural machinery mainly includes unmanned precision sowing machinery, unmanned tillage and soil preparation machinery, unmanned plant protection machinery and unmanned harvesting machinery. When unmanned agricultural machinery works in farmland, it needs reasonable path planning, accurate attitude control, sensitive automatic obstacle avoidance and autonomous stop.

Unmanned agricultural machinery needs to make behavior decision and reasonable path planning in actual operation. Scientific and reasonable decision-making and planning can ensure the safety of unmanned agricultural machinery. Planning and decision-making technology module is the brain of unmanned agricultural machinery, which is mainly composed of computing units. The data collected by various sensors are transmitted to the calculation unit for calculation, planning and decision-making. The control execution technology module of unmanned agricultural machinery receives the control commands formed by the planning decision technology module, and sends these commands to the steering and braking system to complete autonomous steering, braking and other operations, and realize accurate attitude control, sensitive autonomous obstacle avoidance and autonomous parking.

Agricultural robots can be divided into weeding robots, fertilizing robots and harvesting robots. In the face of complex working conditions and harsh environment, agricultural robots can also complete agricultural production operations normally. When the agricultural robot receives the working instruction, it can move to the working position and work autonomously.

Unmanned agricultural machinery, agricultural robots, agricultural drones and other unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment together constitute an unmanned farm ground-air cooperative operation system. Unmanned intelligent agricultural equipment is an important carrier of front-end Internet of Things technology, big data technology and artificial intelligence technology. Based on the front-end unmanned intelligent perception and planning decision, the specific operation of unmanned farm is completed.