What are the methods to prevent and control rodents?

The principle of putting prevention first should be adhered to in rodent control. Once it happens, it is often devastating, especially all kinds of rodents are fierce, which often cause irreparable losses in a short time, and pest control is generally difficult. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job in rat investigation. To investigate the density and species of rodents in order to take corresponding control measures according to the characteristics and feeding habits of different rodents. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the distribution of rodents in the grassland around mushroom shed and mushroom bed, and the occurrence of rodents in semi-artificial cultivated grassland near hillside, pasture and wasteland to prevent the migration and harm of rodents. Specific preventive measures are as follows:

1. Clean up the environment, create a good ecological environment and prevent rats from moving in. When building a mushroom shed or a mushroom cup, you should stay away from residential areas, warehouses, underground ditches, Woods and other places where mice are easy to hide. After the shed is built, the stone piles and hay piles near the mushroom shed should be thoroughly cleaned. The old shed should be blocked before feeding and prevented in advance.

2. Poison bait trapping is a common and effective measure. Commonly used rodenticides are as follows:

(1) The chemical name of Antuo is 1- naphthylthiourea, also known as α-naphthylthiourea. Molecular formula: C 1 1H 10N2S. White crystal, industrial gray or taupe powder, almost insoluble in water, stable in sunlight and air. It is highly toxic to mice and can cause pulmonary edema and death. The toxic dose to Norwegian rats is 6 ~ 8 mg/kg. In the production of Grifola frondosa, it is often made into poison bait for trapping and killing. Pay attention to the safety of livestock and poultry when using.

(2) Chemical name of Daryun: 3-(3- p-bromobiphenyl)-1, 2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl -4 hydroxycoumarin. It is yellow-white crystalline powder with melting point of 228 ~ 232℃, insoluble in water and petroleum ether, but soluble in organic solvents. Acute toxicity is very strong, selective toxicity to rats and safety to other animals. Dosage form: 0.0025% ~ 0.005% poison bait. Generally, 0.005% poison bait is used once, which has good effect on many kinds of wild rats.

Choose the mouse's favorite bait and mix in a proper amount of rodenticide to trap and kill. For example, rats should use diet, vegetables and meat as bait; Gerbils choose wheat; Carrots, potatoes and vegetables are suitable for Tenebrio molitor. The best choice for zokor is green onions and carrots. Secondly, the effective dosage is determined according to the size of different rodenticides and rat species. At present, there are many kinds of rodenticide on the market. Taking medium-sized rat species as an example, the dosage of different rodenticides and pesticides is shown in Table 6- 1.

Table 6- 1 dosage of common rodenticide bait (%)

The dosage of Tenebrio molitor can be reduced appropriately, and 3% zinc phosphide can be added to the bait; For large zokor, 10% zinc phosphide is needed. The method of mixing bait is to add a certain amount of adhesive, such as thin batter, rice soup and so on. , into the food that mice like to eat, and then mix the rat poison evenly. You can also boil the grain half-cooked, take it out and mix it with rat poison while it is hot. Juicy vegetables, such as green onions, carrots and potatoes, are used as bait and are mixed raw. The bait is cut into chunks the size of beans and then mixed with pesticides.

When using poison bait to trap and kill rats, it is necessary to take advantage of the period when rats have difficulty in eating, otherwise the poisoning effect will be affected because rats eat less. The poison bait used in the field is selected in early spring, when the crops have not been sown and the grass has not germinated, and the poison bait has the best rodent control effect. Put10 ~ 20g bait in the place where rodents feed or within the range of1~ 2m from the rat hole. Never put bait in a rat hole or hole, so as not to arouse the vigilance of rats and refuse to eat. Bait should be given at one time, because rats will not be poisoned and die at one time, and they will not eat bait again. For zokor who live underground all the year round, it is necessary to throw bait into the hole with the help of auxiliary tools to achieve the effect of trapping and killing.

The decoy string consists of a string rod, a string handle and a rotating string barrel. Kebabs are made of iron, about 1.5 meters long, and are engraved with scales to grasp the depth of kebabs. The rotary meat skewer consists of an iron inner sleeve and an iron outer sleeve, the sleeve is provided with a rotatable opening and closing feed port, the inner sleeve is fixed on the cutting rod, and the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve. When in use, the poison bait is put into the skewer, inserted into the rat hole, and the feeding holes of the inner and outer cylinders are overlapped by rotating the handle, so that the poison bait flows into the hole. Because zokor is afraid of light and wind, in order to prevent it from pushing the bait out of the hole when blocking the hole, it immediately blocks the cutting hole with wet soil after pulling out the skewer.

The feeding tube adopts a bamboo tube with a diameter of about 3 cm, the inner section is removed, one end is cut into a tongue shape, and a wooden stick matching the inner diameter of the bamboo tube is sleeved inside. When in use, the wooden stick is inserted into the bamboo tube and inserted into the rat hole together, then the wooden stick is pulled out, the bait flows into the rat hole along the bamboo tube, and finally the bamboo tube is pulled out, and the jack is blocked with wet soil.

When using poison bait to kill rats, we must prevent human and animal poisoning. It is forbidden to graze chickens, ducks and livestock after using poisonous bait in the wild. After poison bait is used indoors, outdoors or in mushroom shed, it should be marked later. It is forbidden to play with children and cause poisoning.

3. Because there is enough food, when the poison bait is not effective in trapping and killing mice, smoke cannons can be used for fumigation. First, 2 ~ 3 layers of waste newspapers are rolled into a paper tube with a length of 10cm and a diameter of 2.5cm, one end of which is broken, and then10 ~15g of cigarette powder is filled, and then ignition twist and a little gunpowder are added to the opening end for later use before it is broken.

The bong powder is made of gunpowder, dry horse manure powder, sulfur and powdered pesticide with fumigation effect. The commonly used formulas are as follows:

65438+ 0.5 part of sulfur powder, 5 parts of gunpowder and 3.5 parts of dry horse manure.

1 part sulfur powder and insecticide, 3 parts dry horse manure powder and 5 parts gunpowder.

2.5 parts of mirabilite, 2 parts of insecticidal pesticides and 5.5 parts of dried horse manure.

The use method is to find out the rat hole and its connected hole first. Before shooting, all the holes except one for the smoke gun must be sealed with soil. Otherwise, rats may run out of other holes. If the hole is large, you can put 1 ~ 2 smoke cannons to ensure that there is enough smoke gas in the rat hole to improve the rodent control effect.

4. If it is difficult to kill with poison bait or bong fumigation, aluminum phosphide fumigation can be used. Aluminum phosphide is a gray-green tablet, 3 grams per tablet, which decomposes rapidly in humid air to release phosphine gas, and reacts more strongly when it meets acid. Medication is like a pipe. Find out the situation of the hole and block it, send aluminum phosphide into the hole, and then fill it with water to block the hole for fumigation.

5. Artificial capture is one of the safe and effective methods commonly used by people, such as using mousetraps, ground arrows, rat cages and irrigation. The control of zokor adopts a step-by-step approach. According to the characteristics of zokor activity, where there is a new mound, first dig a hole, insert a straw stick, and draw a tread mark 20 ~ 25 cm away from the dug hole. At the same time, shovel the soil thin, and the distance from the hole is 5 ~ 10 cm. Because the zokor is afraid of light and wind, it will quickly push the soil to block the dug hole and touch the grass stick to move. At this time, it will immediately step on the tread mark with its foot to prevent the zokor from retreating into the tunnel and dig it out with a shovel.