What are these birds?

Birds in China are divided into six categories: swimming birds, wading birds, climbing birds, land birds, raptors and songbirds. These six categories are collectively called six ecological groups of birds. There are more than 1 10,000 species in the world and more than 1.400 species in China. Although there are many kinds of birds, many birds are on the verge of extinction. Let's take a look at the top ten rare birds in China with Bian Xiao.

1, black stork

Black stork is a large wading bird with beautiful posture, bright color, agile activity and alert temperament. Adult birds are 1- 1.2m long and weigh 2-3kg. The mouth is long and thick, the head, neck and feet are long, and the mouth and feet are red. The feathers on the body are all black except the chest and abdomen, which can reflect many colors under different angles of light. Build a big nest on a tall tree or rock, and its head and neck will be straight when flying.

It feeds on fish and preys on other small animals. Living by rivers and streams in swampy mountainous areas, I have the habit of using old nests. The breeding season is from April to July, and the nest is built in a remote place with almost no human interference. Black storks are mostly migratory birds, only residents in Spain, and only a few of them winter in western Africa through the Strait of Gibraltar. In addition, the population bred in South Africa will not migrate, but will spread to the surrounding areas after the breeding period is over. It is the national bird of Belarus.

From August 2065438 to August 2009, the black stork, a national endangered bird, appeared in the Bayinbuluke grassland wetland in Xinjiang.

2. Zhu

Crested ibis, known as crested ibis and crested ibis in ancient times, is a unique species in East Asia. Medium build, white body feathers, long willow-shaped feather crown on the back pillow, bright red skin from forehead to cheek; During the breeding period, the gray pigment secreted by the neck muscles is constantly pecked by the beak and smeared on the head, neck, upper back and wings, making it grayish black.

Habitat in the open forest area at an altitude of 1200- 1400 meters, wading in nearby streams, swamps and rice fields, strolling to find aquatic animals such as small fish, crabs, frogs and snails, and feeding on insects; Rest overnight in a tall tree; Stay among birds and wander in droves to low mountains and plains in autumn and winter; Nesting begins from April to May, and one nest is bred every year, and each nest lays 2-4 eggs. Parents hatch and hatch. The incubation period is about 30 days, and they leave the nest after 40 days. The age of sexual maturity is 3 years old, and the longest record is 37 years old.

Once widely distributed in eastern China, Japanese, Russian, North Korea and other places, the population declined sharply due to environmental deterioration and other factors. By 1980s, there were only 7 wild populations in the southern foot of Qinling Mountains in Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province, China, and the population reached 200 after artificial breeding (in 2008).

3. red-crowned crane

Red-crowned crane is a kind of crane, a large wading bird with a body length of 120- 160 cm. The neck and feet are long, the whole body is mostly white, the top of the head is bright red, the throat and neck are black, the ears are white to the head pillow, the feet are black, the neck and tail feathers and feet are black when standing, the top of the head is red, and the rest are white; When flying, only the second and third flight feathers, neck and feet are all black, and the rest are all white, with extremely obvious characteristics and easy identification. The bird's head and neck are brown, and its body feathers are white and maroon.

Usually couples or married groups and small groups. In the migration season and winter, several or dozens of family groups often form larger groups. Sometimes there are as many as 40-50 clusters, even more than 100 clusters. However, when they are active, they are still scattered in small groups or family groups in a certain area. At night, they mostly inhabit shallows or reed ponds surrounded by water, and mainly feed on the stems, leaves, tubers, bulbs and fruits of fish, shrimp, aquatic insects, mollusks, tadpoles, nereis, clams, snails and aquatic plants. Distributed in northeast China, eastern Mongolia, east bank of Russian Ussuri River, North Korea, South Korea and Hokkaido.

4. Yellow-bellied pheasant

Yellow-bellied pheasant, also known as horn chicken and ostrich, is about 50 (female) to 65 (male) cm long. On the other hand, the male bird is chestnut brown with yellowish spots with black edges. The top of the head is black with black and chestnut red feathers. Flying feathers are black and brown with brown spots. The lower body is almost pure brown, so it is named "yellow-bellied pheasant" because the abdominal feathers are yellow. There are gorgeous meat skirts and turquoise meat horns composed of turquoise blue and vermilion, which are displayed to females in estrus. Female birds are mostly brown, with black, brown and white fine lines, scattered black spots on the upper body and white spots on the lower body.

It is endemic to China, mainly distributed in Zhejiang, and also distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi. The food is mainly the fruits of ferns. By the end of 20 13, Wuyanling National Nature Reserve was the only protected area in China.

5, black-necked crane

Black-necked crane is a large wading bird with a body length of11kloc-0/20cm and a weight of 4-6kg. The neck and feet are even very long, with gray feathers, black head, front neck and flying feathers, dark red eyes and bare skin in front of the head, and brown and black tail feathers. Above its head, the feathers of the third-class flight feathers are scattered all over the floor, surpassing the first-class flight feathers when the wings are closed. The iris is yellowish brown, the mouth is red, the tip is yellow, and the legs and feet are grayish brown.

Inhabits in plateau swamps, lakes and floodplains at an altitude of 2500-5000 meters, and often moves in groups in other seasons, especially in the wintering area in winter, and often integrates dozens of large groups. It mainly feeds on plant leaves, rhizomes, sparganium, tubers, algae, corn and sand. It breeds in Ladakh, Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and northern Sichuan in China, and overwinters in northeastern India, southern Tibet in China, Guizhou and Yunnan. It is the only crane in the world that grows and breeds on the plateau.

6.white crane

The white crane is a large wading bird, slightly smaller than the red-crowned crane, with a body length of 130- 140 cm. When standing, the whole body is white, the forehead is bright red, and the mouth and feet are dark red; When flying, the tip of the wing is black and the rest of the feathers are white. The iris is brown and the mouth and feet are dark red. The feet turn red at the age of 2 and the mouth turns red at the age of 3.

Habitat in open plains, marshes, grasslands, tundra swamps, rock edges of large lakes and shallow marshes. It is often a single, paired and paired group, and dozens or even hundreds of large groups are often integrated in the migration season and winter festival, especially in the halfway stations and wintering places. It mainly feeds on stems and tubers of Sophora alopecuroides, POTAMOGETON POTAMOGETON, Carex and Eleocharis tuberosa, and also eats leaves and buds of aquatic plants and a small amount of animal food, such as mussels, snails, mollusks, insects and crustaceans. China, Indian, Iranian, Afghan and Japanese.

2065438+On September 28th, 2009, the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress closed. The meeting passed the Decision of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress on Determining the White Crane as a "Provincial Bird" in Jiangxi Province, and decided that the White Crane was a bird in Jiangxi Province.

7. Chinese merganser

Chinese merganser is a bird of the genus Merganser, commonly known as Chinese merganser, which is endemic to China. Its mouth is flat on the side and pointed at the front end, which is different from other species of Duckbill. The mouth, legs and feet are red. The head and upper back of the drake are black, and the lower back, waist and tail are covered with white feathers; There are white wing mirrors on the wings; The long feathers on the top of the head stretch back into a double crown. There are black fish-scale markings on the wing feathers.

Fast-flowing rivers in forest areas, sometimes in open lakes. Pair up or start a family. Diving fishing. It is distributed in Siberia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Hebei and the south of the Yangtze River in Chinese mainland, and mainly inhabits streams, valleys, meadows, ponds and grasslands of broad-leaved forests or coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests. The type origin of this species is in China.

8.red-necked crane

Red-necked crane is a large wading bird, which is divided into three subspecies. The hind toe is small and high, so it can't hold the first three toes, so it can't live in a tree; The feathers of the whole body are generally light gray, and the adult bird's neck shows red skin. The primary flight feathers and primary flight feathers are black, and the white slender inner flight feathers vertically cover the tail. The mouth is grayish green and the feet are pink. Habitat in grassland, paddy field, swamp and wetland and forest edge. Feed on the roots and tubers of rice and aquatic plants, as well as fish and frogs. Breeding in July-65438+February, nesting among tufted plants in swamp areas, made of stems and leaves of aquatic plants. Each nest lays 2 eggs, green or pink and white with brown and purple spots. Females hatch eggs and males guard them. The incubation period is 30 days and the chicks are taken care of by both parents. It is distributed in Yingjiang and Xishuangbanna in India, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia and China.

9. Golden Eagle

The golden eagle belongs to the raptor. Its body length is 76- 102 cm, its wingspan is 2.3 meters and its weight is 2-6.5 kg. Androgyny; When not growing, the head and neck are yellow and brown; Except for the outermost three wings, the bases of the two wings are decorated with white, and the rest of the body is dark brown; The tail of the feather is grayish white and the tail of the feather is black; Adult birds have no white wings and tails, and the feathers on their heads turn golden brown. Its legs and claws are covered with feathers.

Inhabits in alpine grasslands, deserts, river valleys and forest areas, and often goes to the hills and plains at the foot of the mountain in winter, with the highest altitude of more than 4000 meters. Usually living in mountainous or hilly areas, especially on the cliffs of valleys and nesting on the protrusions of mountain walls. Known for its agile and powerful flight; Feeding on large and medium-sized birds and mammals. Distributed in temperate zone, sub-frigid zone and frigid zone in the northern hemisphere.

10, brown eared pheasant

Brown-eared pheasant is a rare bird in China, with a body height of about 60 cm, a body length of 1- 1.2 m and a weight of 5 kg. Its whole body is dark brown, its head and neck are gray-black, and there are short and fluffy black feathers on its head. Its face and cheeks are bare and featherless, and its tail is bright red. Short wings, not good at flying, strong legs and good at running.

Brown-eared pheasants mainly inhabit forest areas dominated by Larix principis-rupprechtii and spruce, and mixed forests of Larix principis-rupprechtii, spruce, poplar and birch. Only found in Shanxi, China, Northwest Hebei, Huanglong Mountain in Shaanxi and Dongling Mountain in Beijing. 1987 has only a few hundred wild populations. According to the literature report in 2009, the number of wild brown-eared pheasants in China is about 65,438 +0.79 million. It is listed as a national first-class protected animal in China.

People will die one day, so to spare endangered animals is to spare ourselves. The bat incident in 2020 illustrates this point. So, let's take nature as our home, be close to animals, * * * take care of our home, and * * * create a harmonious blue sky!