This poem in Xin Qiji's Broken Array shows the author's imagination of fighting.

Xin Qiji-"Broken Array" was sent to Chen Tongfuqiang.

Drunk in the dream of watching the sword under the oil lamp, dreaming back to the old days of the military camp, a horn sounded. Give the roast beef to the men and the band will play northern songs. This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn.

Horses run like Ma Delu, bows and arrows fly like thunder. It is a good idea for the emperor to complete the great cause of recovering the lost land of the country and gain a good reputation from generation to generation. Poor hair has become a white-haired man!

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In a drunken dream, I lit an oil lamp to watch my sword. In my dream, I returned to the barracks where the horn sounded. Soldiers in the barracks can get roast beef as a reward, so that musical instruments can play magnificent military music to boost morale. This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn. Horses run like horses, bows and arrows thunder. I am bent on completing the great cause of recovering the lost land of the country for you and winning the reputation of the world after death. It's a pity that he has become a white-haired man!

To annotate ...

Chen Tongfu: Chen Liang is a friend of Xin Qiji 12 century. Brilliant, persistent anti-gold, never an official. He was an important poet of the Southern Song Dynasty.

(1) Location: name of the monument. The title is "Send a message to Chen Tongfu".

2 Pick the lamp: Pick the core of the oil lamp to make it bright.

3 dream back: wake up. Blow the trumpet: Blow the trumpet in the army. Barracks: An integrated barracks.

4 "800 Li" sentence: refers to the range where troops are stationed. Speaking of cows, there is a handsome Niu Jiao "Balibo". Under (Huι): Under the commander-in-chief, which generally refers to the military camp. Emblem, in ancient times, refers to the flag of the army. Roast (broil): barbecue.

⑤ Fifty strings: In ancient times, there was a musical instrument with fifty strings. This word refers to all kinds of instruments played by military music ensemble. Turn: play. The voice beyond the Great Wall reflects the joy of frontier fortress.

6 (ground) [four tones] Lu: fierce fast horses. According to legend, during the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei was chased and jumped into the river on his "Luma" to escape from danger.

⑦ Lightning (pìlì√): Strong lightning with loud noise.

⑧ ⑧ ⑧ (Li ⑧ o) But: Done. What's going on in the world: refers to the recovery of the Central Plains.

Pet-name ruby poor white hair: the tragic words of exclamation, the hair is white, and the ambition of life has not been realized.

background

This poem was written in the fifteenth year of Xichun (1 188). At that time, Xin Qiji was dismissed from office and lived on the shore of Shangrao Lake in Jiangxi. Chen Liang in Buyi is brilliant, likes to talk about soldiers, and the debate is lively. He wrote thousands of words and did it. ""Xin and Chen, two like-minded talents, are both people who advocate resisting and saving the country, and they are both generous and sad poets. 1 188, Xin and Chen ehu met, and talking about the anti-Jin event was once a much-told story in the ci circle. This word was written after the dissolution of the Goose Lake Society.

Xin Qiji is not only a poet, but also a patriotic military commander. He actively advocated resisting the northern expedition of the Jin Dynasty and insisted on training and preparing for war during his tenure, so he was constantly rejected and framed by the pacifists. In the eighth year of Xichun (1 18 1), Xin Qiji was impeached and dismissed as a prison officer in Liangxi Road. He had to stay at home with a lake in Shangrao. Chen Tongfu, famous and brilliant, was also a patriot who advocated the Northern Expedition. Xin Qiji and I are like-minded friends. We often write to each other and sing poems together.

Appreciation 1

When Xin Qiji was 20 years old, he took part in the anti-Jin uprising in his hometown of Li Qian (now Jinan, Shandong). After the failure of the uprising, he returned to the Southern Song Dynasty and became an official in many places. He settled the people's livelihood, trained the army, and strongly advocated the recovery of the Central Plains, but he was rejected. Later, he was forbidden to use it for a long time and lived in seclusion for nearly twenty years. This word expresses his dream and lifelong ideal of resisting the enemy and saving the country, and expresses his grief and indignation.

This word was written when the author was frustrated and lived in Xinzhou. He doesn't have the pain of battlefield fighting in the past, but he has the enthusiasm of battlefield fighting. By creating a magnificent artistic conception, Ci expresses the strong feelings of killing the enemy and serving the country, restoring the mountains and rivers of the motherland and establishing fame. Summarize a sentence and express the grief and indignation of unfulfilled ambitions.

In the first movie of the word, the screenwriter was unhappy at home and could only drown his sorrows by drinking; However, even when I was drunk in the middle of the night, I turned on the light again and again and looked at the sword that had accompanied me for a long time to fight against the enemy, eager to focus on the front line and send troops to the Northern Expedition. It is with such longing and longing that the author enters the dream. He vaguely felt that it was almost dawn, and there was a loud and magnificent horn in the continuous military camp. He rewarded the soldiers with a large piece of roast beef for them to share; The military band played high-pitched frontier war songs to entertain. On the battlefield of hunting in the autumn wind, he reviewed various military forces and prepared to go out.

The following passage followed by a description of the heroic and victorious ending of the battle: the soldiers galloped on their horses, as fast as Lu and as fast as lightning; When the strong bow is pulled open, ten thousand arrows are fired in unison, and the sound is like "thunderbolt", which is thrilling. The enemy collapsed and completely failed. He led the soldiers to finally complete the great cause of recovering the Central Plains and reunifying the motherland, and won an immortal reputation both before and after his death. Here, we see the image of a brave general with high spirits and lofty aspirations. He is like a tiger, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger! However, at the end of the word, the author sighed deeply: "White hair is born!" " Fell violently from the peak of feelings. It turns out that magnificent military capacity, galloping battle array and brilliant victory are all dreams. In fact, under the pressure of Gou 'an traitorous ruling group, the author has no way to serve the country, and the years are wasted. Poor White Happens contains a lot of unspeakable depression, anxiety, pain and anger!

This word is majestic and high-pitched, and it really deserves to be called "sophistry." However, the tragedy and lingering conclusion are in sharp contrast with this. It is even more emotional and thoughtful. The structure of words is also different from ordinary words. The upper and lower chapters are semantically coherent, and the upper and lower chapters are indistinguishable until the last sentence suddenly falters, which is a typical work of Xin Qiji's "depression and frustration".

From the whole word, there is a strong contrast between hero and tragic, ideal and reality. The author can only look at the sword when drunk, gallop to kill the enemy in his dream, and lament when he wakes up. This is a personal tragedy as well as a national tragedy. The author's loyalty, whether awake, drunk or dreaming, can't be forgotten, which is a vivid embodiment of his lofty and deep patriotism and dedication.

Appreciation 2

Li Bai has a poem called Visit to Ancient Vietnam. The poem reads: "The King of Yue Gou Jian defeated Wu Gui, and the soldiers returned home in splendor. The ladies-in-waiting stayed in Man Chun Hall for a long time, but today only partridges can fly! " In this seven-character poem, there are three sentences about the prosperity of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and the last sentence points out the decline of Yue. Although the feelings expressed are obviously different, the layout of the articles is similar. Ci begins with two antitheses of "two, two, two", and through concrete and vivid description, it shows multi-level affection. In the first sentence, there are only six words, and the image of a strong man is shaped by three continuous and distinctive actions, which makes readers realize the inner activities of the characters and imagine the living environment of the characters, which means endless. Why are you drunk? After being "drunk", why not go to bed, but "light up"? "Pick" this "light", why don't you do nothing, just pull out your sword and look at the light again and again? This series of questions, as long as you look at the whole word carefully, may make the answers you deserve, so there is no need to explain. "There are more silent complaints than talking". What kind of "explanation" can show the inner world of the characters more powerfully than this wordless action?

The action of "lighting" points out the night scene again. In the dead of night, when everything is silent, the strong man can't sleep and has to drink alone. After eating "drunk", I still can't calm down, so I follow "holding the lamp" and "watching the sword". Tossed and turned, finally fell asleep.

As soon as I fell asleep, everything I just thought became a dream. "Dream" said something, but it was quickly changed to a new lens: "Dream back to the corner." A brave man woke up from a good dream and it was dawn. A military camp is connected to a military camp, and the horn rings. How powerfully the sound of the horn inspires people to forge ahead! And that strong man happens to be the general in charge of these barracks. So, he jumped up, dressed neatly, and wanted to turn everything he thought in "drunkenness" and "dreams" into reality.

Three or four sentences, there is no need to talk about antithesis, and poets also use even sentences. Too many even sentences tend to be boring; But here it's just the opposite. In two words, the skill is extremely strong, vigorous and powerful, which highlights the majestic military capacity and the high fighting mood of the generals. "800 Li under fire, 50 strings beyond the Great Wall": The soldiers rejoiced and enjoyed the roast beef presented by the general; The army played inspiring fighting music. As soon as the beef is finished, it forms a neat line. The general is full of energy and high spirits, and he is an "autumn soldier on the battlefield." How well the word "autumn" is written! Just like "Mazhuang in crisp autumn", "point soldiers" going out indicates an invincible prospect.

In terms of form, Broken Array consists of two films with the same syntax, level tone and rhyme. The beginning of the latter film is called "Guo pian", which is generally written as: it must be related to the former film and "change of heart", thus indicating that this is another paragraph, forming the realm of "mountains breaking clouds".

Xin Qiji often breaks through this restriction, such as "He Xin Lang Bie Mao's Twelve Brothers" and this song "Broken Array". After "Autumn Soldiers Go to the Battlefield", it was magnificent, and it ran straight through the later film "Lu made of horses, fast speed, bow like a thunderbolt": the general took an iron horse, galloped with his whip, and quickly rushed to the front, bowing and thundering, and ten thousand arrows were fired in unison. Although there is no more description, from the flying of "Luma" and the loud noise of "Thunderbolt String", it seems that we have seen several continuous pictures: the enemy fell; The defeated army will be defeated, and the chaotic army will be chaotic; The general took the lead, pursued victory, and ended the battle instantly; The victory song was played and the flag fluttered happily.

This is a counterattack. The general is patriotic, but he also pursues fame. If you win the first world war, your name will go down in history, which not only "saves the king's affairs in the world", but also "wins his name before his death". Isn't it magnificent

If we stop here, it would be a "sophistry". However, in that era when the capitulators unified state affairs, there was no condition for a real "sophistry". What I wrote above is exactly the ideal that the poet is striving for. The poet used his rich imagination and became a general in the world. Just after climbing the ideal peak, he suddenly plummeted and fell back to the cold reality, lamenting deeply: "Poor white hair is born!" " White hair has been born, and the ideal of recovering lost ground has become a bubble. When I think that I only have lofty aspirations, but I "die of serving my country without a battlefield" (to borrow Lu You's poem "Tap Water"), I can only eat wine in sleepless nights, watch the sword when I am drunk and dreaming of death, and chase the battlefield in my dreams, and I am happy for a while. This situation is really "sad". However, who "pities" him? So he wrote this poem "Zhuang Ci" and sent it to Chen Tongfu in the same "poor" situation.

The same father is Chen Liang's word. Scholars call Mr. Longchuan. Brilliant, heroic, and free to speak. Claiming to be able to "tear down the wisdom and courage of a lifetime and open the heart of the ages." He successively wrote Five Theories on Zhongxing and Filial Piety, and actively advocated the war of resistance, thus being hit by capitulationists.

Song Xiaozong visited Xin Qiji in Shangrao in the winter of the fifteenth year of Xichun (1 188) and stayed for ten days. After leaving, Xin Qiji wrote down the word "He Xinlang" and gave it to him. He composed a song. Later, I sang it over and over again with the same plaque. This song "Broken Array" was written around this period.

In the sense of the whole word, the first nine sentences are one paragraph, which vividly depicts a heroic, loyal and brave general image, thus showing the poet's great ambition. The last sentence is a passage, expressing the grief and indignation of "ambition is hard to pay" with a deep sigh. Strong and sad, ideal and reality, form a strong contrast. From this comparison, we can think of the corruption and incompetence of the court in the Southern Song Dynasty, the people's dire straits, and the anguish that all patriots could not serve the country. It can be seen that extremely bold words can also be written in an extremely subtle way, but they are different from the subtle ones of the graceful school.

There is something noteworthy about the tone of this word. The upper and lower six sentences in the Broken Array are all flat, that is, the previous one is flat and the next one is flat, which constitutes a harmonious and soothing syllable. There are two seven-character sentences in the upper and lower films, but they are not flat, but flat and flat, forming an angry and violent syllable. Harmony and anger, liberation and agitation form a contradictory unity. The author makes good use of this tone of contradiction and unity, and appropriately shows the complex psychological changes of the lyric hero and the transformation of many scenes such as battle preparation, battle progress and battle victory in the dream, which has received vivid artistic effects.

The layout of this word is also noteworthy. The phrase "get drunk while watching the sword" suddenly sounded, followed by the taste of dreams, the division of company battalions, the direction of soldiers on the battlefield, and the victory of the enemy, protruding like an eagle, soaring into the sky. However, when soaring in the sky, it suddenly fell and sighed that "poverty happened", which forced readers to shed tears of pity for the author's ambition. This style of writing, which plummets and comes to an abrupt end at the same time, is often exciting because of its unexpected strong artistic effect if used well.

Appreciation 3 This word was written by the author when he was frustrated and lived in Xinzhou. He did not have the sufferings of previous battlefield battles, but he was enthusiastic about battlefield battles. By creating a magnificent artistic conception, Ci expresses the strong feelings of killing the enemy and serving the country, restoring the mountains and rivers of the motherland and establishing fame. Summarize a sentence and express the grief and indignation of unfulfilled ambitions.

[Content Comment] The poet was full of worries about home and country, and drowned his worries with wine after his friend left. He lit the oil lamp, pulled out his sword, and floated back to the fighting situation of that year. Loud horns blew all over the company camp, and the soldiers were sharing large pieces of barbecue on the vast land. At this time, drums, musical instruments and musical instruments are all ringing, reflecting the magnificent military music of frontier fortress life. It turns out that soldiers are on the battlefield! In the poet's pen, the seemingly handy military scene and fiery fighting passion naturally gushed out. The word "Lian" reveals the grandeur of momentum and the purge of military capacity. "Eight Hundred Miles" and "Fifty Strings" are natural, and complement each other with "Blowing Horn Camping", creating a magnificent and broad artistic conception.

The next film begins with two close-ups: the horse flying fast and the arrow thundering, which is thrilling. Horses and arrows, two typical things, are picturesque in colorful words. All this is to "get rid of" national humiliation, restore "what's going on in the world" in the Central Plains, and win the "immortal name" in order to display talents and contribute to the country! After reading these, the vivid scenes of commanding soldiers, the heroic soldiers who will raise flags, and the sincere loyalty of "ending the king of the world" are all on the paper, but a sudden turning point-"poor white hair is born"! I fell from the peak of my ideal to the abyss of reality. The whole word came to an abrupt end, leaving readers with endless thoughts.

This word is majestic and high-pitched, and it really deserves to be called "sophistry." However, the tragedy and lingering conclusion are in sharp contrast with this. It is even more emotional and thoughtful. The structure of words is also different from ordinary words. The upper and lower chapters are semantically coherent until the last sentence suddenly falters, which is a typical work of Xin Qiji's "depression and frustration"

Appreciation 3

Xin Qiji's persistence in this work calls himself "Zhuang Ci", which runs through the whole article. Based on the experience of fighting against the Jin Dynasty thirty years ago and the ideal of reviving the Central Plains, the author described a magnificent military camp life in his poems with romantic methods. The first sentence "watching the sword after drinking" vividly shows the ambition to kill the enemy. After Dream Back, the bugles sounded in the barracks, military music fluttered, military flags fluttered, and the soldiers had a hearty meal, vividly describing the magnificent military capacity of the soldiers on the battlefield. In the next movie "Lu Feifei, A Horse", I wrote that I hope to gallop on the battlefield and take the lead. Imagine realizing the strong ambition of "getting rid of the king's affairs in the world and winning fame before and after death", but the reality is "in vain" and expressing great indignation at the difficulty in rewarding the ambition. The first nine sentences are well written, which reflects the weight of this sentence and is a powerful criticism of the Southern Song Dynasty court.

! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Well, here, I have a lot of money. You can't let me down. I have a lot to say! ! !