What is the launching system of ship-to-air missile?

1In August 1998, North Korea test-fired the Taepodong missile, which flew over the Japanese archipelago and became a topic of widespread concern. North Korea's ability to launch long-range ballistic missiles has naturally attracted the attention of all countries in the world. It is not easy for surface ships to launch ballistic missiles, and some serious technical problems need to be solved.

The idea of launching ballistic missiles from ships was demonstrated by the United States and the Soviet Union as early as the 1940s and 1960s, and the result of the demonstration was that submarine launch was better. But for Iran, Iraq, North Korea and other third world countries, there are still many difficulties, such as multi-stage range extension of missiles. Therefore, it is still an effective means to launch missiles when the surface ship approaches the target.

American missile compatible missile launch system

1947, the United States test-fired the V-2 ballistic missile captured from Germany on the aircraft carrier midway. 1955, the United States began to implement the Soviet strike plan with Jupiter missiles with a range of 1500 nautical miles. However, this range cannot reach the Soviet Union from the United States, so the United States has made a serious comparison between deploying this missile in European allies and deploying this missile on its own surface ships. The advantage of installing it on domestic surface ships is that it does not depend on other countries.

However, in 1956, the United States finally chose to launch a ballistic missile launch system powered by solid propellant through submarines, because submarines are well concealed and not easy to be attacked. However, it is undeniable that surface ships have low investment and low maintenance costs. Therefore, despite the submarine launch mode, the United States has not given up the research on launching ballistic missiles by surface ships.

Soviet Union's "Sea Scorpion" Plan

In the late 1940s, the Soviet Union also studied the launch of ballistic missiles by surface ships, but finally decided to launch ballistic missiles by submarines. Later, the Soviet Union felt that its submarine was behind the United States in launching ballistic missiles, so it restarted the idea of launching ballistic missiles by surface ships in the early 1960 s and began to implement the "Sea Scorpion" plan. However, the military (especially the army) thought that land launch was better and was forced to stop the "Sea Scorpion" project at 1965. In the process of implementing the "Sea Scorpion" plan, civilian ships operating in the Arctic Ocean were used. Because this sea area is easy to contact with the Soviet Union and there are often more than 500 civilian ships sailing in this small sea area, it is not easy to find ships with missiles.

The first ship equipped with missiles was an icebreaker with a displacement of 8700t t. The maximum wind speed this ship can bear is 25m/s, and the temperature it can bear is -30 ~+50℃. The equipped missile is SS-N-8 missile specially developed for submarine launch. The launcher adopts 4S-75 vertical launcher, which was disguised when going out to sea. The ship is equipped with a navigation device with a distance of 3kni and an accuracy of 0.5. In terms of command and control, radio lines are used on board and on land.