Under what specific circumstances did Zhou Yu get a better kneeling snow than Zhuge Liang?

The following are the materials found on the Internet, and do not represent my views. It may be biased and should be considered more.

Originally, Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang were not comparable. First, there were always people comparing them. Second, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms deliberately belittled Zhou Yu, raised Zhuge Liang, and even fabricated stories such as borrowing an arrow from a straw boat, borrowing Zhou Yu's three qi, borrowing Dongfeng, etc. to obliterate Zhou Yu's achievements in Battle of Red Cliffs. The myth of Zhuge Liang abruptly accused Zhou Yu of being "narrow-minded", which made Zhou Yu synonymous with "narrow-minded" and left a legacy. This is very unfair to a generation of big stars who are broad-minded and perfect.

This post will be based on the official history of the Three Kingdoms, supplemented by other official history with high prestige in the history circle, and unofficial history and the Romance of the Three Kingdoms will not be considered. If you want to reply to an argument, please be careful when quoting historical materials. I want to emphasize this point in particular, because unofficial history has low credibility, and many places are attached to it and beautified by future generations.

1 Military: Zhou Yu scored 9 points. Zhuge Liang got 6 points.

Comments:

Zhou Yu: Needless to say, Battle of Red Cliffs is also a rare classic battle in the history of China. In the face of Cao Cao and Cao Cao's 300,000-strong military force, Zhou Yu showed perfect comprehensive military capabilities in the whole campaign, such as managing the army, planning, employing people, commanding before the war and foreseeing before the war. The strong combat capability of the 30,000 Water Army Corps trained by Zhou Yu has also greatly expanded the results. What is indispensable is this series. After Battle of Red Cliffs attacked the Confederate army, the Confederate army was numerous and strategically important, and Zhou Yu won again.

In addition, Zhou Yu and Sun Ce fought in successive years, which made great contributions to the inheritance of Jiangdong, winning every battle-attacking Hengjiang, taking advantage. Crossing the river to fight Moling, breaking glory,. Close the lake, take the river, enter the Quo, attack Anhui and pull it out. Near Yang, defeated, begging for Jiangxia, and Luling were also ordered to leave Baqiu Town. Overall, give 9 points.

Zhuge Liang: The Romance of the Three Kingdoms compiled a lot of meritorious deeds for Zhuge Liang, but in fact, Battle of Red Cliffs set Bowangpo on fire, set a new field on fire, set Hanzhong, and took Shu, which was empty. . . . And so on. The so-called record was played by Luo Guanzhong for Zhuge Liang. In the official history, Zhuge Liang did not fight many wars in his life, and he won even fewer wars. His most famous battle was the Northern Expedition to Wei, that is, "Six Moves out of Qishan" in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, but Zhuge Liang failed every time he retreated. Zhuge Liang's military ability has long been evaluated in the official history of the Three Kingdoms: "It is better to be a general than to govern people, and to govern the army for a long time and to plan short." It can be seen that Zhuge Liang's military talent is his shortcoming.

For this kind of evaluation, some fans put forward military foresight and refute it on the basis of military theory, but it should be noted that all theories should ultimately serve practice. Zhuge Liang's military theory has not achieved satisfactory results in practical application. The five northern expeditions to Wei were all costly, but they all failed in the end and were dragged to death by Sima Yi. Although there were some small-scale wars in the middle, they did not have a decisive impact on the whole world situation, let alone a big blow to Wei. However, at home, due to years of fighting and wasting money, it was a huge failure, which accelerated the early demise of Shu. This is incomparable with Zhou's influence in Jiangdong and Chibi.

In addition, Mao Zedong, a great strategist in China, also believes that the failure of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition mainly lies in strategic mistakes, rather than other objective reasons. "Sima Yi's greater wisdom lies in not fighting, which makes the light fade", that is to say, Zhuge Liang was deliberately dragged to death by Sima Yi. From this point of view, Zhuge Liang is obviously not an excellent military commander, not comparable to Sima Yi or Zhou Yu. If you are interested in or have questions about Chairman Mao's comments, you can study them yourself.

Generally speaking, although Zhuge Liang lost more and won less, he still had certain talent and performance in the military. Should be considered a qualified military commander, although not excellent, so I gave 6 points.

2 Strategy: Zhou Yu: 9 points, Zhuge Liang, 5 points.

Evaluation: Zhou Yu's strategy is reflected in the analysis of Chibi before the war and in his view of taking Shu in Letter to Sun Quan.

Before the Chibi War, Zhou Yu's analysis was extremely in place. "Today, Ma Jia Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is the future trouble for Cao Cao. And give up the pommel horse, to fight the boat, to compete with wuyue who is not directed by China. Nowadays, the cold weather and the lack of wormwood in horses have driven China literati to travel far and wide. If they don't study soil and water, they will get sick. These four men are also suffering from fighting, but Cao Cao is desperate. General, fuck the bird, it should be today. " Extremely keen and keen, Battle of Red Cliffs's victory also illustrates this point.

Zhou Yu's views on Shu are also very insightful. According to Zhou Yuchuan, Liu Zhang was an Yizhou animal husbandry and Zhang Lu invaded. My purpose is to see the power of Beijing. "Now Cao Cao has lost his mind, but he is worried about his heart, and even the general has failed to deal with it." Go to Shu with begging, win Shu and Zhang Lu, and stay and stick to its land to help Ma Chao. General Yu and General Yu also exchanged exercises in Xiangyang, and the North can also make plans. "Analysis is in place.

Some people who are opposed to taking Shu think that Zhou Yu's method can't succeed, because there is Cao Cao before and Liu Bei after him, waiting for him. But as mentioned above, Cao Cao has no spare capacity to deal with Sun Quan, and although Liu Bei is extremely reluctant to let Sun Quan win Shu in the rear, their greatest enemy is Cao Cao. Liu Bei has neither the strength nor the courage to tear up the alliance with Sun Quan and sneak attack on Sun Quan behind his back, because the consequence of doing so is bound to be mutual loss and cheap Cao Cao. While Zhou is good at fighting, the legion has strong combat capability, and Liu Zhang is weak, but his military and political ability is extremely mediocre. He is busy playing Zhang Lu, and Zhou Yu has a great chance of winning, whether by sneak attack or frontal attack. Therefore, Zhou Yu said that "it is said that Bashu, Xiangyang and Lai are under control", which is very certain. It can even be said that this assurance is greater than that of Battle of Red Cliffs. Battle of Red Cliffs Liu Bei heard that Zhou Yu had only 30,000 troops to fight, and 300,000 thought he was bragging, but it was later proved that Zhou Yu was not bragging, especially taking the strategy of Shu.

Zhuge Liang: There is only one Longzhong couple who can embody Zhuge Liang's strategy. Liu Bei, Fa Zheng and others have completed the strategy of conquering Hanzhong and taking Shu. There are many problems in congenital diseases in Longzhong. Mao Zedong, as a military master, once commented: "At the beginning of Longzhong's confrontation, one misstep becomes an everlasting regret. In the end, Guan Yu, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang were invincible. " It is generally believed that the reason for the demise of Shu Han is Zhuge Liang's long-term confrontation. China's art of war emphasizes the concentration of forces to defeat the enemy with scattered forces. This is also Mao Zedong's usual strategy. The three-point force made it impossible to concentrate the already weak forces of Shu and Han, dispersed the situation in the whole country, in vain, and eventually perished.

3 Employers: Zhou Yu scored 8 points and Zhuge Liang scored 3 points.

Evaluation: Zhou Yu is magnanimous. He recommended many talents such as Lu Su to Wu Dong, and every time he recommended them, he would say that the talents of the other side were ten times his own. And before each battle, Zhou Yu will make a comprehensive plan, brainstorm and listen to the opinions of his subordinates. This habit has achieved good results in battles such as Battle of Red Cliffs, which is similar to Cao Cao's being good at employing people and listening to his subordinates. Give eight points.

Zhuge Liang: Zhuge Liang has been cautious all his life, whether fighting or employing people per capita. He monopolizes power, does everything himself, and never comes clean. Although he is diligent, he lacks the wisdom of overall strategy and is not good at measuring and managing talents, which leads to the withering of talents in Sichuan. Later, there was a situation that "there was no general in Shu, but he was regarded as a pioneer". The failure of the Northern Expedition caused by the misuse of Ma Su was even worse, only to find that Jiang Wei could offset it. Yang Yi and Fei Yi appointed after Zhuge Liang's death are not so good either. Generally speaking, it is reasonable to give 3 points.

4 moral loyalty. Zhou Yu 10, Zhuge Liang 10. Result: draw.

Zhou Yu: Zhou Yu and Sun Ce are related by flesh and blood, and they are linked by the loyalty of the monarch and the minister. After years of fighting, they laid the foundation for Wu Dong and made great contributions. After the death of Sun Ce, the young Sun Quan succeeded to the throne, and Wu Dong's heart floated. Zhou Yu came back with the troops. Although the military power was in hand, he saw that everyone was slow to pay tribute to Sun Quan, so he took the lead in paying tribute to Sun Quan and supporting him, thus consolidating his position. Later, in order to expand the territory of Dongwu, A did not know how to run around, and finally died of fatigue and injury on the way to the war, which shows his loyalty to Dongwu.

Zhuge Liang: When my late master died of illness, he said, "You are only ten times as talented as Cao Pi, and you will be able to secure the world and eventually achieve great things. If the heir can supplement it, supplement it; If you are incompetent, you can take it yourself. " Although Zhuge Liang later monopolized the power, he did not rebel and usurp the throne like the Sima family of Cao Wei, but was as loyal as Zhou Yu, and his loyalty can be seen.

5 political foresight: Zhou Yu 9, Zhuge Liang 9.

Evaluation:

Zhou Yu is broad-minded, open-minded, brave and fearless, and often has ambitions for Wu Dong. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, after Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, his military strength became stronger and stronger. In the seventh year of Jian 'an, Sun Quan was ordered to take his son hostage. Sun Quan called a meeting of ministers, while Zhang Zhao and Qin Song hesitated. Zhou Yu said, "Jiangdong is a member of six counties, and its soldiers are rich in refined food. The soldiers are invincible. Why send hostages? " As soon as the hostages enter, they must obey Cao Cao. When they are called, they must leave and be controlled by others. And the benefits are only one seal, more than a dozen servants, a few cars and a few horses. How can it compare with the south? It is better not to send it and watch it change. If Cao Shi can lead righteousness with righteousness, it is not bad for military affairs. If the picture is a riot and the soldiers are still on fire, they will not set themselves on fire. General Tao Yong has the courage to resist power and wait for his fate, so why not give him this quality! ""(The full text is too long, half white and half abstract)

This speech is very courageous, and the analysis of the political situation of Sun and Cao Cao at that time is also in place. Sun Quan listened to Zhou Yu and didn't send the hostages away. Cao Cao was resentful. A few years later, the backward army wanted to invade Wu Dong. This time, Zhou Yu and Lu Su fought to the death. Zhou Yu also brilliantly analyzed the reasons why our army was weak and won, which made Sun Quan determined to resist Cao. Finally, Zhou Yu defeated Cao Jun in Chibi. Battle of Red Cliffs also ended in Sun Wu's triumph and Cao Cao's defeat. Zhou Yu realized his promise with his outstanding political courage and outstanding military ability, and laid the foundation for Wu Dong.

Zhuge Liang: Zhuge Liang's Longzhong pair should be regarded as a strategy, which has been analyzed together with Zhou Yu's strategy. As far as political vision is concerned, I personally think that Kong Ming's choice of a master should be a good reflection of political vision. It is obviously a very correct political choice for Kong Ming to choose Liu Bei instead of Sun Quan or Cao Cao. It is a very correct political choice to unite Wu against Cao and unite Wu after the crusade. So give 9 points.

Generally speaking, both of them are ministers of the founding of the country, regardless of the outcome.

6 Open-minded: Zhou Yu scored 9 points. Zhuge Liang 5

Although the Romance of the Three Kingdoms shaped Zhou Yu into a narrow-minded villain in order to beautify Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu in the official history was open-minded. The History of the Three Kingdoms said, "(Zhao) won the hearts of the people ... and several tombs were humiliated. Yu's festival will be tolerated, and he will not be with the school. After the ceremony, he respected himself and said to people,' You won't get drunk if you drink with Zhou Jin's bus friends. At that time, people were impressed by their humility. "And contemporaries also gave a high evaluation," civil and military planning, the English of ten thousand people ",not asking for a very understanding, all the rules are good," building arbitrary knowledge, showing everyone's appearance "and so on.

Zhuge Liang: Chen Shou's "History of the Three Kingdoms" commented: "Only a few people are easy to relax, and they are the tools of British hegemony." But from the perspective of reflection, there is no example of his broad-mindedness and tolerance. Why Li Yan, the minister who entrusted orphans, was demoted, and whether Zhuge Liang rejected dissidents and monopolized power is still controversial in the history circle. Some people say that Zhuge Liang is an "upright minister" like Huo Guang, and he takes it personally. From this point of view, Zhuge Liang's mind is quite inferior to Zhou Yu's.

7 Internal governance: 9 points for Zhuge Liang and 3 points for Zhou Yu.

Evaluation: Zhuge Liang is the prime minister of Shu, and there are many praises for his internal affairs and governance in the Three Kingdoms, so I won't go into details here. All the reasons why Zhuge Liang is good at internal affairs in this biography are composed of comments and praises from Chen Shou and others, and there is a serious lack of evidence. Nearly half of Zhuge Liang's biographies of more than 6,000 words are dialogues and comments, which are quite different from others' biographies, and the case records are seriously inadequate.

But after all, The History of the Three Kingdoms is the most reliable historical material for studying the Three Kingdoms at present, and we give it a high degree of trust, so we still give it a score of 9 and give it a high evaluation.

Zhou Yu: Although there is no clear record in the history books, you can also see Zhou Yu's internal affairs ability from the side-

1 Zhou Yu became a county magistrate at the age of 20. The History of the Three Kingdoms records that he was "grateful to Lujiang" when he was very young. The establishment of gratitude must only rely on managing talents, not just military talents. After Chibi, Zhou Yu became the satrap of Nanjun, but when he died, Lu Su and Cheng Pu couldn't accept Nanjun and had to lend it to Liu Bei, which showed that Zhou Yu was very capable of being the satrap, at least much better than Lu Su. Zhou Yu helped Sun Ce to finance a lot of grain and grass boats, which played a key role in Sun Ce and was also a part of logistics and housekeeping. At the age of 24, Zhou Yu became a satrap and was stationed in Baling, the front line. Besides military affairs, he should also supervise local civil affairs.

Generally speaking, although Zhou Yu's performance in internal affairs is not much, the above historical data show that Zhou Yu just has no energy to engage in internal affairs and logistics, which does not mean that he can't do it. If Zhou Yu had been alive, Zhou Yu would have been the shepherd of Jingzhou in Lu Xun. But after all, there are few records about Zhou Yu's internal affairs in the history books, so only three points are given.

8 temperament and demeanor: Zhou Yu 9, Zhuge Liang 7.

Zhou Yu: The Romance of the Three Kingdoms says that "Yu is strong and handsome", which translates as tall and handsome. The word attractive is often used for women. It can be inferred that Zhou Yu's appearance is more exquisite. According to the novelist of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu's description of "personable and good-looking" can not be adopted, but there is a folk saying that she is as beautiful as a flower, and Su Shi even expressed her admiration for Zhou Lang's elegant demeanor with "heroic spirit, black silk scarf with feather fan and laughing".

Zhuge Liang: In The History of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Biao, Kuai Yue, Gongsun Zan, He Zhen, He, Zhang Qian, Jiang Gan, Peng Yang, Sun Quan, Sun Huan, Cheng Pu, Lv Fan, Lu Ji and Cheng Pu wrote "eight feet long and big in appearance", although great personality is also a compliment.

Therefore, Zhou Yu's 9 points and Zhuge Liang's 7 points should be more appropriate.

9 artistic talent: Zhou Yu 8, Zhuge Liang 6.

Three Kingdoms: Yu Shao is good at music. Although there were mistakes after the three masters. I must know, and if I know, I must take care of it. So people say, "The song is wrong, Zhou Lang is in charge." He has deep attainments in music, which has reached the point where the world knows him.

As far as literature is concerned, Zhou Yu's literary talent can only be seen from his suicide note: "Yu was once a talented person and was once challenged by extraordinary circumstances." He entrusted his heart to him, took charge of the army, and was determined to whip and perform his duties. According to the regulations, Bashu's second trip to Xiangyang depends on lai, which means that if you control it. I am very reluctant, and I am beset by sudden illness. I treated myself yesterday, and it got worse every day. Life is short and sincere, but I hate that I have not shown my ambition and I am no longer taught. Now Cao Gong is in the north, and the border is not peaceful. Liu Bei stayed. It's like raising a tiger, and everything in the world is unknown. This is the autumn when scholars eat, and it is their supreme day. Lu Su is loyal and conscientious, and can replace Yu. People are dying, and it is acceptable to say good things and ridiculous things. Yu's death is immortal. "

This suicide note, written in four parallel characters, is neat in antithesis and elegant in dictionary, which not only reflects Zhou Yu's strategic thought and loyalty of never forgetting the military affairs until his death, but also reflects his literary talent to some extent. Although this suicide note was dictated by Zhou Yu before his death, the time was very hasty, but we can still see Zhou Yu's superb literary accomplishment from it.

Zhuge Liang: Zhuge Liang's main job is to set an example before and after. The former model is recorded in the official history, while the latter model is full of doubts. The rumor was forged by his nephew Zhuge Ke. But we didn't think wrong here. I believe Zhuge Liang did it.

General comment: Zhou Yuwen is an all-rounder in literature and music, while Zhuge Liang only showed his literary talent from the official history. So one gives eight points and the other gives six points.

10 diplomacy: Zhuge Liang 4, Zhou Yu 1.

Originally, I didn't want to set up this article, because Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang didn't specifically embody it, but it seems that some people talked about it and used it as evidence of Zhuge Liang's diplomatic ability, indicating that Zhou Yu's diplomacy was not as good as Zhuge Liang's. We might as well analyze it.

Zhuge Liang's only diplomatic talent was that Battle of Red Cliffs sent messengers to Wu Dong to persuade Wu Dong to resist Cao Cao. Before that, Lu Su had persuaded Sun Quan to unite with Liu Bei to resist Cao Cao. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Lu Su said, "My husband Jingchu is adjacent to China, and the water flows northward. . . . There are Gujincheng City, fertile land, Wan Li and Shifu. If there is evidence, the emperor's capital is also there. . . . Sue asked someone to hang the watch of her second son, and comforted those who used it in the army, and said that he would be prepared to care for the people all over the world and rule Cao Cao with one heart and one mind, and he would happily do as he said. If there is harmony, the world can be settled. If you don't leave soon today, you may do it first. " On the right is the delivery line. "

As can be seen from the above, whether Zhuge Liang comes or not, Lu Su has been persuading Sun Quan to unite with Liu Bei to face Cao Cao, and Sun Quan has seriously considered accepting his suggestion. After Zhuge Liang arrived in Dongwu, he also advised Sun Quan to fight, but Sun Quan was afraid of Cao Cao's army and still hesitated. So Lu Su advised Sun Quan to call Zhou Yu back. Zhou Yu made a big plan for Sun Quan and analyzed the reasons why Cao Jun was weak and our army would win. Zhou Yu said, "Otherwise. Although Cao Cao is a famous Han Xiang, he is actually a Chinese thief. With SHEN WOO's outstanding talent and the strength of his father and brother, the general established a separatist regime in Jiangdong, with thousands of miles of land, good use of troops and outstanding achievements. . . . . . . . Now there is no peace in the north, and Ma Jia Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is a future trouble for Cao Cao. And give up the pommel horse, to fight the boat, to compete with wuyue who is not directed by China. Nowadays, the cold weather and the lack of wormwood in horses have driven China literati to travel far and wide. If they don't study soil and water, they will get sick. These four men are also suffering from fighting, but Cao Cao is desperate. General, fuck it. It should be today. These four men are also suffering from fighting, and Cao Cao is desperate. "

As can be seen from the above, Lu Su is the primary hero of Sun Liu's alliance, followed by Zhou Yu's incisive analysis of Cao Cao's military situation, which gave Sun Quan confidence. Zhuge Liang was neither the initiator of Sun Liu's alliance, nor did he eliminate Sun Quan's fear of Cao Cao, making Sun Quan determined to resist Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang's main function in going to Wu Dong is just to be an emissary and a mouthpiece. 4 points should be appropriate.

As for Zhou Yu, diplomacy has nothing to do with a military commander like him. If you must say something, such as the interview with Jiang Gan quoted in the Notes on the Reflection of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu met with Jiang Gan to show his prestige, refused to lure Cao Cao into surrender, and made Jiang Gan silent before he could speak. After returning, I had to sigh to Cao Cao, "Zhou Yu is frank and unspeakable." So the score is 1.

Total score: Zhou Yu 74, Zhuge Liang 62, Yu slightly wins. Zhou Yu has made such a great contribution in his short life at the age of 36, so he is a wizard. When Zhuge Liang was 36 years old, his achievements were far less than Zhou Yu's, especially many of his talents, such as internal affairs, were only displayed in the second half of his life. Therefore, Zhou Yu's untimely death is really a great loss for Dongwu.

In contrast, although Zhuge Liang is indeed an outstanding celebrity in history, the folk image has been more and more deified under the touting of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which has seriously deviated from its true historical image.