Who is the woman in Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa? What was the original name? Where is the background in the picture?

This is a famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci. This painting is about the wife of a fur dealer in Florence. She was only 24 years old when the painter painted her. This woman has just lost her beloved daughter and is often sad and depressed. When the painter painted her, he tried every means to make her smile: asking musicians to play music, sing songs or tell jokes for her, so that a cheerful atmosphere would help her show her smile. Although the Mona Lisa in the painting shows a faint smile, it can be seen from her brow that she is happy, and the smile seems to have just passed over her face. Slightly tilted corners of the mouth and stretched smiling muscles can make people feel the mood of this woman at the moment of painting. But her serene expression shows that her smile is calm and will not cause emotional fluctuations, which is a manifestation of the reserved beauty of ancient women. Because Mona Lisa's smile is charming, many art historians call it "mysterious smile"

In the era controlled by Christian asceticism, women's behavior is subject to many constraints. Without permission, they can't show their joy and pain, otherwise it will be "blasphemy" to God. In ordinary upper-class women, they are not allowed to cry and laugh at will. Therefore, the portraits in the Middle Ages are generally drawn in a rigid and expressionless way. Under the influence of humanism, Leonardo da Vinci began to try his best to express people's feelings. In order to draw the true image of Mona Lisa, he also studied anatomy and physiology, explored the smiling state of facial muscles hidden under the skin, and studied the psychological changes and reaction process of people when they were relaxed and happy. For this reason, he forgot to eat and sleep. Sometimes, the breeze rippling on the lake will attract his attention and inspire him to modify his picture. Secondly, in terms of composition, Leonardo da Vinci changed the habit of using side busts or chest-high busts in portraits in the past and replaced them with front busts. The perspective point rises slightly, making the composition pyramid-shaped. In this way, the Mona Lisa looks more dignified and steady.

And Mona Lisa's hands. These delicate hands are so precise and plump that they completely conform to the anatomical structure. They show her personality, her gentleness, her identity and class status. From these hands, we can see the artist's exquisite painting skills and keen observation of nature. Mona Lisa has no gorgeous clothes, dark brown veil and no decoration; The natural folds of clothing patterns are carefully drawn. He used a mixed color to express the texture of soft satin. Bare breasts can't show the beauty of this woman's health, luxury and youth. When dealing with the background, Leonardo da Vinci used "aerial perspective". On the contrary, the cliffs, paths, stone bridges, trees and running water behind him are pushed to the distant depths, as if all of them were shrouded in mist, so as to strengthen the image status of the Mona Lisa. It took him four years to draw such a small portrait, which shows that Leonardo da Vinci not only wanted to draw a portrait of a noble lady, but also pursued something in art.

The artistic value of Mona Lisa can not only be considered from the vivid portrait, but more importantly, Leonardo da Vinci embodies his advanced artistic thought in this painting, that is, his attitude of observing nature with scientific spirit. Leonardo da Vinci advocated the harmony of nature in art, but in theology, man was regarded as the embodiment of evil. Leonardo da vinci's "Nalisa" completely violates the religious world view. This is an ode to nature. His portrait affirmed the meaning of life and its beauty.