Gao Qiu's personality characteristics in the 500 words of Water Margin.

Gao Qiu was born in the late Northern Song Dynasty. He was Su Shi's mini history (buddhist nun). Later, all the ministers and secretaries were entrusted to Wang Xi. Because he is good at cuju, he is favored by Duan Wang (Hui Zong). Hui Zong acceded to the throne, the officer to the same department, Song abandoned the pool when he was in office. He was deeply portrayed in Shi Naian's Water Margin. He died in Jingkang at the beginning of his freshman year.

Gao Qiu-A Brief Introduction to Social Life in the Late Northern Song Dynasty. In the historical novel Water Margin, there was a former court official (a senior official in charge of military affairs) Gao Qiu, who was an abominable villain. He forced 800,000 imperial coach Wang Jin to leave his hometown and destroyed 800,000 imperial coach Lin Chong. He always conspired against Liangshan heroes, and finally framed Song Jiang and others. Although Water Margin is a novel, such a vicious character can't be regarded as a credit history. But it is not groundless, out of thin air.

Gao Qiu is a real person in history, but this person is unknown in history books. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Wang Mingqing wrote "After the Swing", saying, "Gao Qiu, Mr. Ben Dongpo's short story, has a good writing style. Dongpo left handsome Zhongshan from Hanyuan and left it to Zeng Wensu. Wensu has resigned from the historical sequence, and Dongpo belongs to Wang Jinqing. Thus, Gao Qiu became Su Shi's mini-history (that is, the role of a small secretary, which is said to be extremely bookish in Water Margin). He is clever and good at copying and writing. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), Su Shi was transferred from Hanlin to Zhongshan House, and Gao Qiu was given to Ceng Bu. Although Su and Yu belong to the old and new factions, they still have a certain friendship despite their contacts. According to some scholars' research, Wang Mingqing's grandfather was Ceng Zhi and Ceng Zhi was Ceng Bu's son. His records in the Zeng family should be reliable. But Ceng Bu declined Su Shi's kindness. So Su Shi recommended Gao Qiu to his friend Wang Shen (Wang Jinqing), the captain of Xiao Wang, and Gao Qiu returned to Tokyo.

Gao Qiu-Main Experience The Water Margin says that he met a noble person later. Xiao Wang and his nephew Duan Wang both made friends. Both Xiao Wang and Qiu sent Gao Qiu to deliver things to Duan, and he got to know Duan Wang (later). Duan Wang was attracted by Duan Wang and stayed with him from then on. This persuasion is well-founded.

Wang Shen is Song Shenzong's brother-in-law and Duan Wang's uncle (Hui Zong). In the history of Song Dynasty, although she was an enlightened son-in-law, she was a person who attracted bees and butterflies, and left princess royal in the cold. The princess later died of depression, so angry that Zongshen was demoted to Wang Shen immediately after the princess was buried. However, Wang Shen is a master of calligraphy. When Hui Zong is in his hiding place, he often learns from him and keeps a good relationship with him. In three years (1 100), Gao Qiu's life took a major turning point because of an accident, that is, his acquaintance with Duan Wang. In After the Swing, it is said that Wang Shen and Evonne met while waiting to appear in court. Evonne forgot to bring a piercing knife, so he borrowed one from Wang Shen and repaired his sideburns. Evonne said to Wang Shen after using it: "The style of this punching knife is very novel and lovely." . Wang Shen replied, "I've made two recently, and one has never been used. I'll send someone to deliver it to you later. " In the evening, Wang Shen sent Gao Qiu to Duan Wangfu to send a perforated strainer knife. As it happens, Evonne is playing football in the garden, and Golf stands by and looks disapprovingly. Maybe Evonne noticed the boy's expression and asked, "Can you play too?" Gao Qiu is also youthful and agreed. So they kicked each other around, and Gao Qiu tried his best to kick the ball like glue, which was very much to Evonne's taste. Evonne was overjoyed and immediately sent a message to Wang Shen: "Thank you for the grate knife. I will accept it with the person who sent it." , Gao Qiu became king Evonne's cronies.

Even more coincidentally, the emperor Song Zhezong died soon, and Duan Wang was chosen by the Queen Mother to succeed him and became the emperor of DaSong. And Gao Qiu, the "veteran" who got on the last bus, was also lucky. From an idle playmate, he jumped into the officialdom of DaSong Dynasty. And rise in the officialdom.

In Song Dynasty, the policy of "promoting literature and restraining martial arts" was adopted in the promotion system of officials, but it was aimed at power and prestige, and the salary and grade of military attache were not low. However, because the status of civil servants is the first, the requirements for them are much higher than those of civil servants. In Song Dynasty, all the civil servants above the county magistrate were qualified as Jinshi, so it is unrealistic for other people like Gao Qiu to squeeze into the civil service circle. The power of the military minister system is relatively low, but the employment qualification is relatively low, and the promotion is also very flexible. For people like Gao Qiu, it is obviously a shortcut to enter the official career.

However, the appointment of military attache in the Song Dynasty was also institutionalized. Without the system, he could not be a three-word official. Hui Zong took pains to promote Gao Qiu. He first put Gao Qiu down to the grassroots level and entrusted it to Liu Zhong Wu, the general guarding the border, to "gild" it, so as to lay the foundation for future promotion. "Biography of Ten Commanders in Southern Song Dynasty" Volume I "Biography of Liu Yong" says: 1. Gao Qiu is the last official of the royal residence, so I hope to show it. In the old method, unless there was a sideline, you couldn't be the three officials (Liu) at that time, and Zhong Wu was the governor, subordinate to Qiu, who was vying for the position of governor. "

Gao Qiu —— The main achievement is that Liu Zhongwu fought against the Song Dynasty in the third year of Chongning (1 104), which led to Zhao Huaide's surrender. Some scholars believe that Gao Qiu may have participated in the above-mentioned fighting at that time. In the second year of Daguan (1 108), Tong Guan and Liu Zhong Wu once again won a great victory in the west. They successfully surrendered the servant brothers of Zangzheng, the king of Qiang, and recovered Jishi County. Hui Zong was very happy about it. He personally met with the very kind Liu Zhong Wu and ordered all nine sons of Zhong Wu to be officials. Judging from Hui Zong's performance, he thought it was a great victory, and Gao Qiu may have participated in the battle. "Danghuang Lu" said that Gao Qiu "made festivals for several years and followed the trend, crossing Sanya people for twenty years." Gao Qiu's promotion capital is probably due to his experience in the Liu Zhong Wu army, while Liu Zhong Wu knows that Hui Zong entrusted Gao Qiu to him for his own purpose, and it may also be to expand Gao Qiu's credit and be accommodating. This can be seen from the close relationship between Gao Qiu and Liu Zhong Wu family. Liu Zhong Wu lost in politics and five years of fighting, but his career was not affected. Gao Qiu put in a good word for him in North Korea. After Liu Zhong Wu's death, Gao Qiu strongly recommended his son Liu Kun to be a general in Hui Zong.

Others think that if Gao Qiu wins the favor of the emperor just because he plays a good game, he will reach the top. This is an underestimate of Gao Qiu. Gao Qiu is not an ordinary person, and he still plays politics with officials, so he can live for ten years. First of all, he is clever and kind, trying to please his superiors, especially Hui Zong, and catering to Hui Zong's ambitious, famous and greedy psychology. Gao Qiu managed the imperial army and played a great role in military training, which was recorded in Meng Yuan's Dream of Tokyo. Gao Qiu's military competition began with "four floats lined up, and there were hundreds of military dramas, such as banners, lions and leopards, trowels, wild cards, ghosts and gods, zaju and so on. Two more ships are listed, all of which are music departments. " Before winning the bid, we started with blowing around, and then in the bidding competition, we had to come up with various tricks such as "spinning around", "eye-catching" and "overdoing", which was quite lively. I am very satisfied with Hui Zong. At the same time, this person has another advantage, not forgetting to repay his old friends who have been good to him. In addition to maintaining close relationship with Liu Zhong Wu family, he also took good care of his original owner Su Shi's family. According to unofficial history, he "never forgets the Su family, and all the sons who entered the capital are diligent in feeding and taking good care of them." Therefore, his actions have also been well received by some people in North Korea.

However, Gao Qiu is very greedy. Some scholars pointed out that the political situation changed during the Jingkang period, and some ministers wrote to expose Gao Qiu's crime of favoritism. "Jing Yao Kang Lu" contains: "May 20 of the first year of Jing Kang", and the minister said, I would like to press: Gao Qiu ... was in charge of military and political affairs and invaded military camps, with a wide range of private positions, mostly occupying imperial troops, in order to make full use of them. Most of them are skilled craftsmen, both private servers and military partners. Soldiers who can pay to help military craftsmen are exempt from proofreading. All the bricks and mud used in private buildings are taken out of the barracks and made. Please pay in time, but you can't survive and often don't run other businesses. Although the imperial army, they all tried their best to get enough food and clothing. They all abandoned proofreading. They never cared about T-shirts. Those who pay are exempt from teaching privately, and those who have no money are engaged in business to abolish teaching, so when they were in an emergency the day before yesterday, people did not know how to fight, and none of them were available. The imperial court had to give in to barbarians, which was indeed caused by eccentricity. ".Gao Qiu built the land in the military camp into a private house, which didn't count. He regarded the imperial army as a private server, regardless of training, and devoted himself to his own selfishness. Without a skill, you can only spend money to hire craftsmen. If you have money, you can not practice; Those who have no money can only find business to make money, but can't practice. In this way, the army's "lack of military discipline" and "lack of military and political discipline" became useless furnishings, so that when the country was in crisis and faced with the attack of the tiger and wolf army of 8 Jin Army, hundreds of thousands of imperial troops in Kaifeng collapsed rapidly, which was unforgivable.

In the first year of Jingkang, Hui Zong learned that Jin Jun had crossed the Yellow River and fled to the southeast overnight. "Jing Lu" records that he fled to Sizhou in the south, and Tong Guan and Gao Qiu joined him with elite soldiers and imperial guards. At that time, a small team composed of Huizong's letters was established. However, Hui Zong's minions are jealous of each other, intrigue and please each other. Shortly after arriving in Sizhou, Tong Guan clashed with Gao Qiu. "Tong Guan to victory soldiers three thousand retinue crossing the huai for huaiyang. Gao Qiu stayed in Si, with 3,000 troops. " Tong Guan's entourage Hui Zong and others continued to go south, leaving Gao Qiu in Sizhou, named "Controlling Huai Jin", and Gao Qiu returned to Kaifeng on the grounds of illness. According to historical records, Tong Guan and Liang Shicheng, who accompanied the emperor at that time, were both killed sitting together. Tong Guan was executed and beheaded in Kaifeng, and Cai You was also executed on the orders of Emperor Qinzong. It is precisely because Gao Qiu left Jiangnan early and did not participate in the struggle between Hui Zong Group and Qinzong Group at that time that he got a much luckier end than Tong Guan and Cai You. The wicked may not all get what they want, which is also a regret left by history.

-Comment on Jin Shengtan's comment on "Water Margin" once said: "If you don't write Gao Qiu, you will write 180 people, which is a mess; Don't write one hundred and eight people, write Gao Qiu first, this is a top-down mess ". Jin Shengtan deserves to be a gifted scholar. These words are incisive and thought-provoking.

Gao Qiu, the book says that he "plays balloons well". And "talking about singing and dancing, spears and sticks, sumo juggling;" I also learn poetry, books, words and poems at will. "From this point of view, he is a fairly comprehensive figure." It is not the case to talk about benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, faithfulness, conduct, loyalty and kindness. "It's just as well. As the saying goes, "men are not bad, women don't love them." A young man who knows a little about everything like this, is morally "smart" and plays football well, if born in modern times, may become a prince charming in the eyes of girls. If he is lucky, he can lead China to win the World Cup in one fell swoop. But he was born in the Song Dynasty, and somehow he became the captain of the commander of Wangfu. So, you can only play the clown.

At first, he was not popular in Tokyo. Just accompany other childe brothers, run red lights, play cock and horse, and wander around romantically. Later, he was released out of bounds and had to settle in Liu Dalang, Huaixi. Three years later, Zhezong granted amnesty to the whole world. He wanted to go home, so he sent a letter from Liu Dalang to Dong 'a Bing's home in Tokyo. Dong's soldiers saw him as a poor man and were afraid that staying at home would bring bad children, so they wrote him another letter and gave him to Xiao Su. For the same reason, Xiao Su Mountain hare also wrote a letter and sent him to Wang Taiwei's home. At this time, Gao Qiu, like a ball, was passed around and had a hard time.

But he should make a fortune. One day, captain Xiao Wang asked him to send something to Duan Wang, who was playing football. At the sight of that chubby thing, this bastard felt itchy in his heart, so he stepped forward and kicked the ball to Duan Wang's feet, which actually kicked himself into the ruling group. Later, Song Jiang and others also planned to "go to the side yard with swords and guns to get a wife's shadow." And Gao Qiu stopped Gankun with one foot. The charm of football can be seen here.

The road after that was smooth. Zhezong died, and Duan Wang became the king of Hui Zong. Less than half a year later, Gao Qiu invited Qiu Fu in Shuaifu. As the saying goes, "When one person gets the word, chickens and dogs ascend to heaven", the straw bag became the emperor and sealed the steamed buns below one by one, and he was still a big official. At best, golf, who can only be a football coach, suddenly became the "Chairman of the Military Commission", and soon five people and six people followed.

However, steamed bread is steamed bread after all. Maybe if you are lucky at present, you can get unlimited wealth by buttering yourself up and repaying your master. However, the knowledge in your stomach and the skill in your body can't be taken by a few flatterers. A creature like Gao Qiu can usually get an award, sign a name for the soldiers of the three armed forces, and be like a figure; When the donkey or horse walks around, the bastard nature in his bones is exposed. Later, many troops were organized to suppress Liangshan, but none of them succeeded, wasting a lot of money and food. For the last time, he personally led the Crusades for ten quarters. But just like playing a monkey, he was killed three times by Song Jiang and caught up the mountain by Zhang Shun. If it weren't for Song Jiang's eagerness to woo him back, I'm afraid Gao Taiwei's head would really be kicked by the soldiers.

Such people may not be able to do well when they do good deeds; You can do bad things, but you can definitely do bad things You see, when he took office, he neither rectified military discipline nor reviewed military forces. The first thing he did was to repair Wang Jin, who was on holiday with him. A few years later, Gao Yanei, the adopted son, took a fancy to Lin Chong's wife because he was young and active, so he tried his best to push this honest man who had been submit to humiliation back. Later, Yang Zhi lived on the street and had no place to live. Gao Taiwei has made an indelible contribution to the gathering of such a group of tigers and wolves in Liangshan Water Park.

This comedy is not the first time or the last time in the history of China. When God created a leader, he never forgot to create a few villains and put them around to amuse him and praise him. Therefore, there is a Huang Hao around Adou and a He Kun around Gan Long. Even Tang, who was called the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty by the world, did not forget to put Li beside him when he appointed Yao Chong as his photo, telling a dirty joke from time to time to entertain himself.

The situation in Song Huizong is more complicated than the above. Before he ascended the throne, he was a man who did not ask about political affairs. He plays the piano, chess, calligraphy, painting and bamboo silk all day. Compared with Gao Qiu, he is a really attractive man. He not only plays well, but also has culture and connotation. The unparalleled love in ancient and modern times, coupled with a naturally handsome face and rich family, will definitely be dumped now. If he honestly becomes his writer, artist or lover, he may still leave many beautiful stories in the history books, but who knows that his precious brother Zhezong is busy going west and even the prince is not born. Ministers discussed it and finally pushed the happy monkey up.

It is conceivable that before this, few ministers were sure to visit his palace. Everyone is busy buttering up to the emperor. Who has time to pay tribute to this playboy? Therefore, when his ass just touched the dragon chair, he was very nervous in the face of strange faces under the steps. These bastards are screaming on the surface. What are they thinking? God knows! He can't help feeling lonely.

One day, he came back from the imperial court and met Gao Qiu. He looked at it carefully and thought that the figure and shape were excellent materials for being a loyal minister And in Gao Qiu's view, Huizong is a good material for taking charge? With the appearance of a group of clowns like BLACKPINK, the pace of the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty was greatly accelerated.

Golf, formerly known as golf, is a rascal and street hooligan in Tokyo. Even his father couldn't stand him, so he went to the government to sue him. As a result, Gao Qiu was "distributed out of bounds with twenty crutches". Later, Gao Qiu went to Huaixi and went to Liu Shiquan, an idle Han Chinese who opened a casino.

Unexpectedly, Liu Shiquan didn't want to take this rascal in for a long time. Under the recommendation of Liu Shiquan, Gao Qiu returned to Tokyo and joined the drug dealer Dong Jiangshi. Dong Jiangshi didn't want to take him in, so he sent him there and recommended him to Xiao. This time, Gao Qiu found a bosom friend, and Wang treated him like a family. Soon, Xiao Wang took a fancy to Gao Qiu. Since Gao Qiu defected to Xiao Qiu, he has actually revealed the opportunity to get rich. At this time, although Gao Qiu was still a Wang, he had virtually climbed the high branch, and it was only a matter of time before he reached the top. The author of Water Margin ingeniously added a word "Xiao" in front of Wang Du Taiwei and his uncle Wang Duan, indicating that every villain who is hated by ordinary people is naturally appreciated by villains. As the saying goes, birds of a feather flock together.

The little brother Duan Wang was none other than the emperor Hui Zong who acceded to the throne later. Hui Zong is a football fan. As it happens, playing football is Gao Qiu's strong point, so people in Tokyo call him "golf". Of course, just playing well is not enough. Gao Qiu has other skills. Look at his performance when he met Huizong for the first time: first, a "mandarin duck turned around" kicked back the ball that had just rolled to his feet, which surprised Hui Zong; Then, when answering Hui Zong's question, he quickly "knelt down", then "knelt down with his hands crossed", "worshipped the Tao" and "worshipped the Tao again", which was extremely respectful. When Hui Zong asked him to play football, he "kowtowed and apologized" and "tried his best to flatter the king"

Besides, Emperor Hui Zong was very happy to meet such intimate friends as Golf. After he acceded to the throne, he was promoted to Gao Qiu in less than half a year and became the commander-in-chief of the Temple Shuaifu. When golf became rich, it was changed to "autumn". Probably he thinks there is a beast next to the word "Mao", and it would be a person if it were a single person.

The villain succeeded, and the first thing to do was to express personal grievances. Gao Qiu found that Wang Jin, the coach of the 800,000 imperial guards in Tokyo, was under his command, and Wang Jin's father beat Gao Qiu. Therefore, Gao Qiu wanted revenge, causing martial arts coach Wang to flee with his mother overnight. At that time, there were frequent border troubles in the Song Dynasty, and it was at the time of employing people, but Wang Jin, a useful talent of the country, was cornered. Strangely, the Northern Song Dynasty did not perish, and Hui Zong was not captured alive by 8 Jin J!

"Water Margin" begins with the story of the rise of a rogue Gao Qiu, without mentioning the protagonist Liangshan hero in the book. The implication is clear: the country is in turmoil and the people are struggling until officials force the people to rebel, and the emperor and his favorite corrupt officials are hard to blame. When China published a large number of Water Margin in the 1970s, people thought that Water Margin was "only aimed at corrupt officials, not at the emperor", but it was not. In the imperial era, Shi Naian had to use Qubi. Just think, Gao Qiu, Tong Guan, Cai Jing, Yang Jian and others, who is using common sense and reusing them? If there is no bad king, how can there be traitors?

Hope to adopt ~ ~