Tone value of Putonghua

Exclusion of light tone and vowel syllables Objective: To examine the pronunciation of initials, finals and tones of candidates. Requirements: In 100 syllables, each initial appears at least three times, and the missing or confusing words in dialect increase by 1-2 times; Generally, each vowel appears at least twice, and the missing or confusing vowels in dialects increase by 1-2 times. If the initials or finals of words are the same, arrange them separately. Don't let adjacent syllables have disyllables or rhymes. Scoring: this score accounts for 10% of the total score, that is, 10. Deduct 0. 1 minute for mispronouncing the initials, finals or tones of a word. Deduct 0.05 points for each word with defective pronunciation. A word is allowed to be read twice, that is, when the examinee finds a slip of the tongue in the first pronunciation, he can correct it and judge it according to the second pronunciation. Time limit: 3 minutes. Deduct points for overtime (0.5 points for 3-4 minutes, 0.8 points for more than 4 minutes). Pronunciation defect: 1 read only monosyllabic words and two disyllabic words. The pronunciation defect in 1 mainly refers to the inaccurate pronunciation position of initials, but it is not that one initial in Putonghua is pronounced as another, such as J, Q and X in front of the tongue are pronounced too close to Z, C and S; Or replace the correct pronunciation position of an initial in Putonghua with a closer position, such as reading the pre-consonants J, Q and X into tongue sounds; Or when reading the initials of the tip of the tongue, the position where the tip of the tongue touches or approaches the upper jaw moves backward or forward too much, but it is not completely misunderstood as the pronunciation of the tip of the tongue; The defects of vowel pronunciation are mainly manifested in the obvious lack of vowel roundness and poor sense of language; Or the opening of vowels is obviously not enough, and the auditory nature is obviously inconsistent; Or the tongue movement of vowels is obviously insufficient; Tone shape and tone are basically correct, but the tone value is obviously low or high, especially if the relative high and low points of the four tones are obviously inconsistent, it is judged as tone pronunciation defect; This defect is generally systematic, with 5 monosyllabic errors deducted from each tone. If both 1 and 2 have the same problem, the two items will be deducted respectively.

2. Read 50 disyllabic words

Objective: In addition to the pronunciation of initials, finals and tones, we should also study the pronunciation of tone sandhi, finals and light tone. Requirements: 50 disyllables can be regarded as 100 monosyllables, and the number of initials and finals is roughly the same as that of monosyllables. In addition, there are no less than 2 times of linking words and no less than 4 times of linking other tones; Not less than 3 times softly; Hua Er has at least four rhymes, and the arrangement of words should avoid the centralized appearance of the same test item. Scoring: this score accounts for 20% of the total score, that is, 20 points. 0.2 points will be deducted for mispronouncing the initials, finals or tones of a syllable. If the pronunciation is obviously defective, 0. 1 point will be deducted each time. Time limit: 3 minutes. Overtime deduction (3-4 minutes deduction 1 minute, more than 4 minutes deduction 1.6 minute). Pronunciation defect refers to the same as described in item 1, and the pronunciation of rhyme is obviously not satisfactory. If one or both of 1 and 2 tests lose points 10% respectively, that is, 1 question loses points 1 point, or 2 questions lose points, it is judged that the Putonghua level of the candidate cannot enter the first level. If candidates have obvious phonetic defects, even if the total score reaches A, they will be downgraded to B. ..

read aloud

3. Read aloud from the reading materials in the fifth part of the examination syllabus (No.65438 +0-50). Objective: To investigate the level of reading written materials in Putonghua, focusing on pronunciation, tone sandhi (rising tone, "one" and "no") and intonation (tone). Scoring: This score accounts for 30% of the total score. That's 30 points. Accumulate the first 400 words (excluding punctuation marks) of each material, deduct 0. 1 for each phonetic error, deduct 0. 1 for missing a word, and deduct points for dialect intonation in different degrees at one time (3 points for outstanding problems; Obviously, 2 points will be deducted; Slightly reflected, deducted 1.5 points. Deduct 1 minute for each pause or improper sentence break; If the speech speed is too fast or too slow, 2 points will be deducted at one time. Time limit: 4 minutes. Deduct for more than 4 minutes and 30 seconds 1 minute. Note: The number of words in each article in the reading material (1-50) is slightly different. In order to achieve a consistent grading standard, the errors in the first 400 words of the reading material (each article is marked after 400 words) are accumulated in the test. But the study of intonation and speech speed should run through the whole article. Judging from the requirements of the exam, we should take 50 works that provide exercises for candidates as a whole and master them comprehensively through pre-exam exercises.

talk with each other

Objective: To investigate the ability of the candidates to speak Mandarin and the degree of standardization they can achieve without written support. Give priority to one-way speech, supplemented by two-way dialogue between examiners and candidates when necessary. One-way dialogue: candidates should speak for 4 minutes according to the topic determined by drawing lots (not less than 3 minutes, and the examiner should ask the candidates to stop speaking after 4 minutes). Scoring: this score accounts for 30% of the total score, which is 30 points. Including: (1) voice features account for 20%, that is, 20 points. Among them, the grade is: Grade 1, 20 points, Grade 2 18 points. Phonetic errors are less than 10 times, and dialects are not obvious; 16 third-grade phonetic errors are less than 10 times, but the dialect is obvious; Or the dialect is not obvious, but the pronunciation error is roughly between 10 and 15 times; 14 fourth grade phonetic errors are between 18 times and 15 times, and the dialect is obvious; The fifth grade 10 score, the phonetic error exceeds 15 times, and the dialect is obvious; There are many phonetic errors and strong accent in the sixth gear and eighth gear. If the phonetic feature is determined to be second grade (or below), even if the total score is above 96, it cannot enter the first class. If the phonetic feature is determined to be in the fifth gear, even if the total score is above 87, it cannot enter the second category A; In either case, you will be demoted in class. (2) The standardization of vocabulary grammar accounts for 5%. The grading level is: a 5 points for vocabulary and grammatical norms; 4 points in the second grade, occasionally vocabulary or grammar does not meet the standard; The vocabulary and grammar of grade three and grade three often do not conform to the norms; (3) Natural fluency accounts for 5%, that is, 5 points. The rating scale is: level 1, 5 points, natural and smooth; 4 points in the second day of junior high school are basically fluent and poor in spoken English (similar to the performance of memorizing manuscripts); Improper speech speed in the third gear and incoherent words; The lack of speaking time must be made up by the two-way dialogue between the examiner and the examiner. In the trial stage, the above scoring method is adopted, and the proportion of oral scores is appropriately increased with the change of the situation.