The joke of the grass-roots emperor

There are three elements in the establishment of a dynasty, namely, the title of the country, the title of the year and the capital city. The name and title of the Ming dynasty are available, but the question of where its capital is made Zhu Yuanzhang quite embarrassed. Choosing Yingtian as the base of Wang Ye's development was applicable at that time. Nanjing has the natural barrier of the Yangtze River, the Huaihe River in the north can be developed, Jiangnan can be controlled in the south, and it is economically close to the rich Suzhou and Hangzhou. However, the previous dynasties with Nanjing as their capital were all small dynasties leaning towards the south of the Yangtze River, and they didn't last long, which was a shadow in Zhu Yuanzhang's mind. Moreover, after the Ming army occupied the capital and announced that the Yuan Dynasty had withdrawn from the Central Plains, how to control the vast areas in the north was also a problem. Long before he entered the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang made a special trip to the capital of song dynasty. In addition to holding a front-line military meeting, there is another important thing, that is, to make a field trip to the capital of song dynasty to see if he can pick up a ready-made one. The results of the survey are very disappointing. In addition to no danger to defend, after years of war, the originally rich and prosperous land has become a poverty-stricken area with extremely weak economic foundation, and the original palace compound has been completely destroyed. Zhu Yuanzhang gave up the idea of building the capital of song dynasty, but in order to confuse everyone, he named it Beijing. Of course, many people have to build large buildings and carry out some infrastructure, which is called Nanjing. At this time, North and South Beijing, Jinling for Nanjing, Girder for Beijing, Spring and Autumn (August of the first year of Hongwu) I visited. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang had a whim, why not build the capital in his hometown of Lin Hao? If you build your hometown into the political, economic and cultural center of the country, won't the people in your hometown live a good life? In September of the second year of Hongwu (A.D. 1369), Zhu Yuanzhang wrote a letter to establish the capital in Lin Hao, and left Prime Minister Li Shanchang was responsible for establishing the capital. However, after the project was really rolled out on a large scale, problems followed. Lin Hao is so poor that it has become a problem to eat. When a huge construction team enters this small town, "There is a river in front, a Huai River in the back, relying on risks and using water by boat". It is said that the whole project involves about 90,000 craftsmen, 0/40,000 non-commissioned officers/kloc, and 500,000 migrant workers. Together with the craftsmen who are responsible for firing city bricks in southern provinces, prefectures and counties, the total number of people who collect, transport wood, stones and supply grain and grass in various places has reached more than one million. In order to reverse the situation of vast territory, sparsely populated and barren land, Zhu Yuanzhang also ordered the relocation of140,000 rich households in Jiangnan area. Apart from making up for the population shortage in Lin Hao, the more important reason is that the southeast region was occupied by Zhang Shicheng before, and many people here have contributed to Zhang Shicheng. In fact, Zhu Yuanzhang was trying to crack down on the literati and the landlord class in the southeast, and stipulated that they should not leave Lin Hao after they moved. A major project like the capital will inevitably involve a large number of land occupation problems. In the process of land expropriation, there will inevitably be forced demolitions, coupled with the huge profits of those princes and nobles, the soaring local prices are certain, farmers who have lost their land have no livelihood, and it is also miserable to come to participate in the project battle. Zhu Yuanzhang's original intention was to let the people in his hometown live a well-off life. People have meat to eat and wine to drink. Only when they are full of food and drink can they have the spirit to sing praises to his fellow emperors. Unexpectedly, it backfired, and the people in his hometown suffered more than before he became emperor. Liu Ji strongly opposed Lin Hao as its capital before, but it seems really wrong not to listen to him this time, all because he was impulsive and thoughtless, leaving such an unfinished project. Zhu Yuanzhang learned from a painful experience. In April of the eighth year of Hongwu (AD 1375), the system resolutely stopped the Zhongdu project, which had been going on for six years. There are different opinions about Zhu Yuanzhang's sudden order to stop the construction of Zhongdu, which is incalculable and about to be completed. There is a widespread saying that after Zhu Yuanzhang decided to build Zhongdu, he visited it twice. The first time was February in the fourth year of Hongwu (A.D. 137 1), mainly to inspect the construction of Zhongdu, that is, Zhu Yuanzhang made a decision to immigrate to Zhongdu and enrich the population of the central region after this inspection. Zhu Yuanzhang's second visit to Haocheng was four years later, and the history books recorded Zhu Yuanzhang's whereabouts accurately. He first went to Chuzhou, visited Langya Mountain, and wrote "Feeling Old and Keeping Order" on a whim, saying, "Supervise the capital, cross Chuyang, take advantage of spring scenery and set foot in the western suburbs." The details of the rivers and mountains, the city is as old as ever ... "This is a very successful revisit to the old place. During this trip to Lin Hao, Zhu Yuanzhang mainly did two things: one was to inspect the construction of Zhongdu in detail, and the other was to offer sacrifices to the imperial tomb. The fifth volume of Fengyang New Book records that Zhu Yuanzhang lived in the "Palace of Happiness in the Imperial City" during his stay in Lin Hao. It can be inferred that a brand-new capital had begun to take shape and was about to be built. But no one thought that Zhu Yuanzhang suddenly decided to stop building Zhongdu after returning to Nanjing. It turned out that when he visited the palace, he got an important message: craftsmen did something to vent their inner dissatisfaction during the construction because of heavy work and insufficient food, and the means were extremely bad. They even made and drew some mantras on the ridge of the palace. Some people believe this kind of thing, but no one believes it. Isn't this a blatant murder of royalty? Zhu Yuanzhang flew into a rage and ordered an investigation. Although a group of craftsmen involved in the crime were later executed on the spot, Zhu Yuanzhang was deeply shocked and realized that the rule of the Yuan Dynasty had just been overthrown, the people had not been freed from the war, and the unified war continued. At this time, large-scale construction is indeed a major mistake. In connection with the actions of Huaixi Xungui, led by Li Shanchang and Hu, Zhu Yuanzhang had to re-examine the decision of Huaixi Xungui, which he relied on, prompting him to abandon the local concept and let Zhongdu Project dismount in time with the courage of a strong man. The matter of Zhongdu was forgotten, and he never went back to his hometown, which had been renamed Fengyang. Zhu Yuanzhang explained that the reason for stopping the construction of Zhongdu was to waste people and money. But there are obviously deeper reasons for this. Most of the meritorious people around him are Fengyang villagers. These people are proud of their merits, and they often violate the law and discipline (Ding Yuanhou privately helped the craftsmen who built the capital to build their own houses). After the establishment of Fengyang in North Korea, didn't it further encourage these people's power? Now that Zhu Yuanzhang has realized the problem, it is bound to change the employment policy, from relying heavily on the Huaixi Party to appointing talents from all over the world. In the 11th year of Hongwu (A.D. 1378), Zhu Yuanzhang officially issued a imperial edict, taking Nanjing as the capital, which formally ended the unresolved capital problem for many years. At the beginning of Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, he had made great efforts to build the walls and palaces of Nanjing. It is said that after Nanjing was built, Zhu Yuanzhang came to Zijinshan with civil servants and military commanders with great interest, overlooking the scenery of Nanjing and proudly asking his ministers, "How is my capital city built?" "Ministers will naturally follow his meaning and pay their best respects. Judy, the fourth prince who was only fourteen years old, said, "There was a cannon on the Purple Mountain, which hit Zicheng." Zhu Yuanzhang looked intently and broke out in a cold sweat, which added a heart disease to Zhu Yuanzhang's heart. In the 24th year of Hongwu (A.D. 139 1), Zhu Yuanzhang sent Prince Zhu Biao to inspect Guanzhong, meaning to move the capital to Guanzhong. At that time, the main threat of the Ming Dynasty came from the remnants of Mobeiyuan. The purpose of moving the capital to the northwest is to strengthen control over the northern region. The reason why Beiping was not considered was that Zhu Yuanzhang was partial and wanted to leave it to his favorite fourth son Judy as a fief. Zhu Yuanzhang's second son, Qin Wang, was extremely dissatisfied with this. Guanzhong is his fief. After moving the capital, his fief was gone. If it weren't for Zhu Biao's intercession, Zhu Yuanzhang almost abolished his king of Qin. Zhu Biao made a detailed investigation of Xi and Luoyang, compared the topography of the two places, and presented Zhu Yuanzhang with a map of Shaanxi after he returned to China. Personally, Zhu Biao prefers to choose Xi 'an as the capital, because Xi 'an was once the capital of the Western Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty, full of kingly flavor. However, something unexpected happened and Zhu Biao died the next year. White-haired people send black-haired people, and Zhu Yuanzhang, who is nearly old and thin, has been hit hard, and he has no energy and mood to consider moving the capital. At the end of that year, Zhu Yuanzhang personally wrote an article on "Sacrificing the Kitchen", expressing his despair: "I have governed the world for decades, and everything is prepared according to the ancient times. The situation in Victoria Palace is not balanced. I wanted to move the capital, but now I am old and tired, and the world is at the beginning of peace, and I don't want to work for the people. There are several reasons for prosperity and waste, so we have to leave it to fate. I only want to study hard and bless my children. " A resigned look, it sounds really bleak. Zhu Yuanzhang, who claimed to be the winner all his life, felt the greatest regret that the Prince died young and did not solve the capital problem, which soon brought bad consequences. Four years after his death, his fourth son Judy easily overthrew his successor, Hui Di Zhu Yunwen, and Zhu Yunwen himself disappeared. For more details, please pay attention to "Grassroots Counterattack: Zhu Yuanzhang", and JD.COM is 100 minus 50! Grassroots counter-attack: Zhu Yuanzhang and Qin Shilin's Biography of Historians 25 yuan successfully reached the top of the social proxy biographies of historical figures, celebrities, political leaders and emperors.