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The most famous portrait in the world-Mona Lisa

The people of Florence, to be exact, the whole Italian people know that Leonardo da Vinci is a genius. He is the first painter who can paint a portrait of a person vividly and beautifully.

This is why a wealthy businessman named Zogondo asked him to paint a portrait of his beautiful young wife, Mona Lisa, or La Zogondo.

This portrait took Leonardo four years, and when he finished it, he didn't want to give it to Zogondo or anyone else. When he was invited by the king of France, he left Italy for France with this portrait.

Leonardo da Vinci died in France, which is why the Mona Lisa was painted in France. This is the wealth that the French people are proud of.

Why is Mona Lisa so famous? People have been talking about her mysterious smile for centuries. Her smile is really mysterious: it seems to be changing. Different audiences or at different times look and feel different. I think she sometimes smiles comfortably and gently, sometimes looks serious, sometimes looks slightly sad, and sometimes even reveals ridicule and ridicule.

How did the artist achieve this effect? For example, in the work Hermes by the sculptor Plasi Thales, we see how the facial expressions of the characters in the sculpture change. The round surface reflects light so subtly that the sculpture looks as if it is smiling or has another serious expression, which is entirely based on the change of light.

In a painting, the change of light can't be as different as in sculpture. However, on Mona Lisa's face, dim shadows appear from time to time, covering her eyes and lips with a veil. However, people's smiles are mainly manifested in the corners of the eyes and corners of the mouth. But Leonardo da Vinci painted these parts very lightly, without clear boundaries, so there was this elusive "mysterious smile".

This painting has a story. When Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa, he invited a musician to play beside her so that she could sit patiently and calmly like a model. Her eyes told us that she was listening. Now, if we look at her beautiful hands and consider them together with her face, we will feel that kind of eyes are more sincere. Her right hand is gently placed on her left hand, and her middle finger is completely unsupported. We feel it beating gently with the rhythm of the music.

When we look at the scenery behind such a lifelike portrait, we will be surprised by the unreal background. Peaks, roads, bridges and flowing water all appear in a dreamy atmosphere, as if to prove that Mona Lisa's thoughts are immersed in a dreamy world.

The fantastic portrait of Mona Lisa and the fantastic world around her are the genius creations of Leonardo da Vinci, which explains why the portrait of Mona Lisa will become the most famous and unforgettable portrait in the world.

Mona Lisa. Also known as LA GIOCONDA

Before 2003, this most famous painting in the world was exhibited for a long time in the Baibang Exhibition Hall of the De Nong Wing Hall of the Louvre. Later, it moved to a larger exhibition room to satisfy the desire of a large number of tourists to feast their eyes. It is rumored that Leonardo da Vinci spent ten years painting her lips. This painting is the only one that no one can doubt was painted by Leonardo da Vinci, although it has neither signature nor date. It has more than one name. The French and Italians use different words to call it a woman who doesn't care. This seems to be Leonardo's favorite work, so he "takes it with him everywhere", as dan brown said. There may be another reason: the painting is not finished yet.

This painting was painted in oil on a poplar board and was originally bought by the French king for 4000 gold coins. After the French Revolution, these paintings were transferred to the Louvre Art Museum. Napoleon took it and hung it in his bedroom. It was only after he was exiled that the painting was returned to the Louvre. It turns out that this painting is much bigger than it is now. The original picture frame had two columns, indicating that the picture was placed on a high platform.

Dan brown's point of view is fascinating: Mona Lisa is a combination of "Amon Lisa", creating a combination of women and men. But if so, it can also form "Salle (and) anima"-the sun and soul, which involves the worship of "invincible sun", one of the main religions of Constantine the Great in Roman times, and many Christian customs and practices have been inherited since then. Mona Lisa's identity is also dispensable: dan brown suggested that Leonardo himself was dressed as a woman, which may even be true. Computer image analysis shows that Mona Lisa and Leonardo are self-portraits, and their facial features are closely related. However, public opinion generally believes that this painting is a portrait of Giocondo's wife Lisa by Francesco Romeo.

The reason behind the smile is also puzzling, and it is difficult to get to the bottom of it. A doctor in Italy thinks she has a disease-she grinds her teeth when she is sleeping or depressed. Leonardo always makes his models happy, so she is unlikely to be depressed. He once hired six musicians and raised a Persian cat and a ghost? For companionship. At that time, Leonardo used this kind of smile, as did other painters, including his mentor Verozzi O.

Some people think this painting is "mediocre and boring", but Leonardo has made new explorations in his creative style. Mona Lisa is very different from other paintings of the same period because she didn't wear any jewelry. Leonardo once again broke the routine and made her look relaxed, surpassing the traditional rigid sitting posture.

One of the main characteristics of Leonardo da Vinci's paintings is daubing ("elegant and hazy" as Sophie Neve said in The Da Vinci Code). This is his special way of expressing "crossing nature". Dan brown pointed out in the book that the horizon of pastoral scenery in the painting is different, and the left hand side is lower than the right hand side. According to some explanations, this is the soft and dark side of Leonardo's emphasis on objective existence. There is a pond on the right hand side of the painting, which is higher than the flowing stream on the left. As far as we know, there should be a waterfall behind the Mona Lisa, which is full of ponds and flows into streams. It seems that there should be no more interpretation.

As dan brown said, this painting was stolen in 19 1 1 year. The thief was Italian and took the painting back to Italy. It was 24 hours after the incident that the authorities realized that something had happened. They thought that the full-time photographer in the museum had moved the painting. Then I spent a week searching the Louvre, and only found the photo frame abandoned on the stairs. Two years later, the thief Vincenzo Peluccia sold the painting to the Uffizi Art Museum for $65.438 billion, where it was exhibited before being sent back to Paris.

In order to steal the painting, Pei Roussillat hid in a small room until it closed, and then went into the exhibition room where the Mona Lisa hung. He took the picture off the wall and cut off the frame. In order to escape from the traditional locked door of the museum, he had to unscrew the screw that fixed the door handle. Pei Roussillat used to work in the Louvre, covering paintings with glass, so she is very familiar with the layout of the museum.

1956, a confused tourist threw acid on the picture and repaired it for several years. This painting was last exhibited in Japan in 1974. In order to repay this kindness, Japan presented three pieces of special laminated glass to the Louvre, and the paintings have been wrapped in bulletproof boxes so far. I have realized that the painting will never leave the palace again, because all kinds of risks are really unbearable. The environment of Tibetan painting is constant temperature and humidity, with a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius and a humidity of 55%. The protective layer is equipped with air conditioning and 9 kg of silica gel to ensure the same air conditions. The box is opened once a year to check the condition of the painting and maintain the air conditioning system. No one dares to clean up the picture for fear of damage. The oily water painting under the dust is definitely brighter than what we see.

Appreciation of Mona Lisa's smile

This is a famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci. This painting is about the wife of a fur dealer in Florence. She was only 24 years old when the painter painted her. This woman has just lost her beloved daughter and is often sad and depressed. When the painter painted her, he tried every means to make her smile: asking musicians to play music, sing songs or tell jokes for her, so that a cheerful atmosphere would help her show her smile. Although the Mona Lisa in the painting shows a faint smile, it can be seen from her brow that she is happy, and the smile seems to have just passed over her face. Slightly tilted corners of the mouth and stretched smiling muscles can make people feel the mood of this woman at the moment of painting. But her serene expression shows that her smile is calm and will not cause emotional fluctuations, which is a manifestation of the reserved beauty of ancient women. Because Mona Lisa's smile is charming, many art historians call it "mysterious smile"

In the era controlled by Christian asceticism, women's behavior is subject to many constraints. Without permission, they can't show their joy and pain, otherwise it will be "blasphemy" to God. In ordinary upper-class women, they are not allowed to cry and laugh at will. Therefore, the portraits in the Middle Ages are generally drawn in a rigid and expressionless way. Under the influence of humanism, Leonardo da Vinci began to try his best to express people's feelings. In order to draw the true image of Mona Lisa, he also studied anatomy and physiology, explored the smiling state of facial muscles hidden under the skin, and studied the psychological changes and reaction process of people when they were relaxed and happy. For this reason, he forgot to eat and sleep. Sometimes, the breeze rippling on the lake will attract his attention and inspire him to modify his picture. Secondly, in terms of composition, Leonardo da Vinci changed the habit of using side busts or chest-high busts in portraits in the past and replaced them with front busts. The perspective point rises slightly, making the composition pyramid-shaped. In this way, the Mona Lisa looks more dignified and steady.

And Mona Lisa's hands. These delicate hands are so precise and plump that they completely conform to the anatomical structure. They show her personality, her gentleness, her identity and class status. From these hands, we can see the artist's exquisite painting skills and keen observation of nature. Mona Lisa has no gorgeous clothes, dark brown veil and no decoration; The natural folds of clothing patterns are carefully drawn. He used a mixed color to express the texture of soft satin. The bare chest shows the beauty of this woman's health, luxury and youth. When dealing with the background, Leonardo da Vinci used "aerial perspective". On the contrary, the cliffs, paths, stone bridges, trees and running water behind him are pushed to the distant depths, as if all of them were shrouded in mist, so as to strengthen the image status of the Mona Lisa. It took him four years to draw such a small portrait, which shows that Leonardo da Vinci not only wanted to draw a portrait of a noble lady, but also pursued something in art.

The artistic value of Mona Lisa can not only be considered from the vivid portrait, but more importantly, Leonardo da Vinci embodies his advanced artistic thought in this painting, that is, his attitude of observing nature with scientific spirit. Leonardo da Vinci advocated the harmony of nature in art, but in theology, man was regarded as the embodiment of evil. Leonardo da vinci's "Nalisa" completely violates the religious world view. This is an ode to nature. His portrait affirmed the meaning of life and its beauty.