The Artistic Features of Dingzhou Yangko

As an ancient folk art of the Han nationality. Most of the artistic features of Yangko are short plays focusing on once in a lifetime. Nianbai is life-oriented, mainly in dialects, and sometimes rhymes are used according to the needs of the play. When performing, he is good at singing and narrating. The lyrics are colloquial, easy to understand, full of life, and sound kind and touching. The structure of the lyrics is also very free, not limited by seven or five sentences, some as few as three or five words, and some as many as two or three crosses, and they all use lines, but they all rhyme; Sometimes, in order to emphasize a certain plot or a certain emotion, the singing method of "overlapping sentences" is repeatedly used, so there is also the saying of "Jiufan Yangko". Before liberation, there were no strings, only percussion music, that is, drums, gongs, water cymbals and hand gongs. Six gongs open the chamber, two gongs are sung in the previous sentence, and six gongs are used in the next sentence of yangko opera, so it is also called "big gong chamber". Gong cavity is not fixed, and actors can sing freely according to their own voices.

Dingzhou yangko is good at performing family dramas that reflect farmers' lives in content; There are seven basic sentences, cross sentences, etc., but they often break through the limitations in singing and form prose-style sentence structures. The traditional singing method is that both men and women sing with their own voices, which is a singing method of shouting with real voices. Danxing is played by men, never using "chanting", but approaching the female timbre in timbre. The traditional singing method is not fixed, and the actor can tune it at will. In duet, several people can sing in different tones. Accompanied by orchestral music, the key is fixed at D, and the female voice is still used, but the male voice is falsetto. Slippery is widely used in singing skills, and vibrato is very distinctive. A lot of function words are used in the aria, such as yo, oh, hey, my place, Ben, that, otherwise, come and have a look. , can be seen everywhere in the aria.

1952, yangko was first accompanied by strings. At the beginning, I tried a Jinghu and an erhu accompaniment. 1954, jinghu was changed to banhu, and later I added bass hu, di, sheng, sanxian and da. The actor industry of Yangko is the same as other major operas, including Tsing Yi, Laosheng, Lao Dan, Xiao Sheng and Clowns. Aria is a kind of "plate cavity" structure. The basic tone consists of two sentences with different tail cavities. Traditional board has cavity, adagio, running water, crib, allegro and board singing. After liberation, they created English-style boards and scattered boards, and at the same time absorbed the tunes of other operas such as Hexi tune (Sixian), (Mixed Bud), (Sixian) and (Lotus Falls), as well as the folk tunes of Han nationality such as (Wandering around) and (Folk Songs).