What are the common sense of Chinese food drinking etiquette culture?

What are the common sense of Chinese food drinking etiquette culture? Sit in two-thirds of the chair on the left. If you are sitting with a lady, please open her seat. Even if the waiter has this action, you should give a dummy hand, provided that you are a man. Regarding toasting, it is natural to respect the elders or the people with the highest status first. Many people can respect one person, not many people. The toast order should follow the counterclockwise direction. If it is a square table, respect the first, round table.

What are the etiquette cultures of gift giving? China has been a country of etiquette since ancient times, and traditionally attaches great importance to reciprocity. "Benevolence, propriety, wisdom and faithfulness", among which "propriety" is the most classic and brilliant page in China's Confucianism.

Different etiquette common sense in the process of giving gifts;

1. Visiting the sick and giving gifts: Some people like to give nourishing nutrition or health care products to patients. In fact, this is very inappropriate, because during the treatment, patients have to take medicine or injections on time every day, which is actually not suitable for taking supplements. Flowers or bonsai are the best gifts for patients. However, the flowers are very particular, and some words are not suitable for patients. Generally speaking, the following kinds of flowers are good choices: roses, lilies, carnations, all over the sky, birds of paradise and so on.

2. Wedding gifts: As a friend attending the wedding banquet, you should choose the gifts in advance, and the gifts had better be meaningful. For example, send 99 roses to represent "Forever", or send a commemorative gold card or wedding cake to express congratulations and blessings to the bride and groom.

3. Birthday gifts: Birthdays are actually a kind of etiquette to celebrate birthdays. It is ok to be a little more "polite" when celebrating your elders' birthdays. It is not necessary to be too formal when celebrating birthdays for friends of the same age. Besides paying attention to clothes, you must also bring a gift symbolizing health and longevity, such as a beautifully designed cake or a commemorative gold card.

4. Customized gifts: Generally speaking, for the poor, it is best to be affordable; For the rich, exquisiteness is better; For love, love, love. It is better to commemorate; For friends, it is best to be interesting and enlightening. Personal gifts should pay attention to:

1, specific circumstances and occasions;

Gifts should consider specific situations and occasions. Generally, when you go to a private family for dinner, you should bring some small gifts to the hostess, such as bouquets, fruits, local products and so on. If you have children, you can send toys and candy. Invited to the wedding, in addition to artistic decorations, you can also send bouquets and practical items. In New Year and Christmas, calendars, wine, tea, candy, cigarettes and so on can usually be given away.

2. Grasp the timing and way of giving gifts:

Gifts should generally be delivered in person. But sometimes you can attend the wedding and send it in advance. Celebrating festivals and giving annual gifts can be delivered to your door or mailed. At this time, the business card of the giver should be attached to the gift, or the congratulatory message can be handwritten and packed in an envelope of the same size. The recipient's name should be marked on the envelope and pasted on the top of the gift package. Usually, it is not appropriate to give gifts to only one person in a group in public. Because the recipient will feel fooled by accepting bribes, and it will make the person who confiscated the gift feel left out and despised.

Giving gifts to people who are closely related should not be carried out in public, so as not to leave the public with the feeling that they are closely related and completely supported by materials. Only special gifts that are light in ceremony and heavy in righteousness and express special feelings are suitable for giving in public.

3. Pay attention to attitude, action and language expression when giving gifts:

Peaceful, friendly, natural and elegant movements accompanied by polite language expressions are acceptable to the receiver. The practice of quietly putting gifts under the table or in the corner of the room like thieves not only fails to achieve the purpose of giving gifts, but even backfires. Generally speaking, for the poor, it is still affordable; For the rich, exquisiteness is better; For lovers, lovers, lovers, it is better to commemorate; For friends, fun is better; For the elderly, it is better to be practical; For children, it is best to innovate; For foreign guests, it is best to have characteristics.

What are the differences between Chinese and foreign etiquette cultures? In social interaction, we should pay attention to discretion, make clear all kinds of "no" agreements, and do whatever we want, so as not to be too short and taboo.

(1) No kidding.

It is common for friends to make jokes when they get along. But joking should be moderate and not against etiquette. Excessive jokes often backfire and cause bad consequences.

So, how to master this "degree"?

(1) is determined according to the interviewee.

People have different personalities, some are lively and cheerful, some are generous and open-minded, and some are cautious. For people with different personalities, jokes will vary from person to person.

For a cheerful and tolerant person, a little more jokes can often enliven the atmosphere; For cautious people, make less jokes; For women, joking should be appropriate; For the elderly, when joking, we should pay more attention to giving respect to each other.

Generally speaking, it depends on the characteristics and endurance of the speaker, which will not hurt the self-esteem of the other party, but also make the other party feel relaxed and happy.

(2) According to the mood of the speaker.

The same person may have different moods and emotions at different times. When the interviewee encounters misfortune and troubles in life or work, his mood is relatively low, and what he needs at this time is comfort and help. If you joke with the other person at this time, maybe the other person will think you are gloating. Therefore, jokes should be played when everyone is in a good mood, or when the other party is unhappy because of trivial matters and can reverse the other party's mood through jokes.

(3) According to the occasion and environment when speaking.

In a quiet environment, if others concentrate on their studies and work, joking will affect others' studies and work; In solemn parties or major social activities, joking will dilute the solemn atmosphere; In some sad occasions, such as attending a memorial service or visiting patients, it is not appropriate to joke, otherwise it will make people misunderstand. In addition, in public, try not to tease.

(4) The content of jokes must pay attention to healthy, humorous and elegant artistic conception.

Don't make fun of other people's physical defects, build your happiness on other people's pain. At the same time, avoid making vulgar, boring and low-level jokes. The content of the joke should be thoughtful, informative and interesting, so that everyone can learn knowledge, get education, cultivate sentiment and get positive results.

(2) Don't get angry casually.

Getting angry casually in social situations will have two bad consequences:

First of all, being unfriendly to the angry object will hurt harmony and feelings and lose friendship and trust between friends and colleagues. Secondly, it is not good for angry people, on the one hand, it has a bad influence on my physical condition; On the other hand, it has a bad influence on the image of the angry person, and people will think that he lacks self-cultivation and should not be intimate.

In social life, it is also an instinctive expression that people adapt to the environment and seek environmental recognition and acceptance. In social communication, it is mainly manifested in getting along well with friends and colleagues, not getting angry or losing your temper, and restraining yourself in many ways. To do this, we must first think calmly when things happen; Secondly, we should think more about each other, consider the problem from each other's point of view, and find out our own shortcomings in order to better correct our views; Besides, be gentle and polite to people. Everyone has his own independent personality and unique personality, his own living habits and hobbies, and his own life field that is not interfered by others. Respecting others is actually respecting yourself. Being gentle and polite to others can show one's self-cultivation, demeanor and tolerance, establish one's good prestige and win the trust and respect of more friends.

(3) Don't correct others' mistakes face to face.

China people get along with each other and pay attention to being honest with others. When you meet friends and relatives doing something wrong, point it out to your face and correct it. However, in foreign exchanges, we should not do this. This is because there are differences between Chinese and foreign cultural customs, which are common in China, but not necessarily abroad.

Pointing out other people's mistakes in public not only makes it difficult for you to step down, but also makes you look too mean. There is no need to correct a gentleman who is not familiar with the way of wearing a suit at once.

In short, "not to correct" means not to comment on each other's behavior easily, let alone correct what we think is wrong immediately.

(4) Don't be too enthusiastic

China people advocate caring for others more than themselves, while foreigners mostly emphasize personality independence, so we can't give foreigners Chinese-style kindness care and advice, otherwise it will be thankless.

For example, you ask a foreign friend, "Have you eaten?" He will misunderstand that you laugh at him for not eating. You say hello to him: "Where are you going?" He will accuse you of meddling. When you see that he wears too little when it is cold, you suggest to him, "You should wear more." You obviously mean well, but he will think that you have rudely interfered with his personal freedom.

China people should be sincere and enthusiastic in dealing with people, conform to each other's identity and relationship, and conform to etiquette norms. It is also harmful to care only about enthusiasm. "Enthusiasm offside" will be considered impolite and uneducated.

Excessive enthusiasm makes people feel rude, rash and uneducated, and motivation and effect are often counterproductive. For example, toasting each other at a banquet shows friendship, but if you are too enthusiastic and force people who can't drink to drink, or even drink too much, you will make a fool of yourself, thus destroying the atmosphere of the banquet and hurting the guests' body and mind. A person went to a friend's house to be a guest. The friend was very enthusiastic and prepared rich dishes. He was very grateful to his host for his hospitality, but one of the dishes he didn't like most in his life. The host insisted that he try his cooking, saying it was his best. If you don't eat, the host's kindness is hard to refuse, and the food has already entered your plate. Eat, and it's really hard to swallow. Finally, in order not to disappoint the host, they had to bite the bullet and swallow it, resulting in vomiting, which embarrassed both sides.

(5) Do not interfere with others

In public, every educated person should consciously restrain his behavior and try not to hinder or disturb others because of his behavior.

In addition to turning down your own volume, you should also pay attention to making a long story short and avoid taking up the phone for a long time, otherwise it will not only affect the communication of business information in the unit, but also affect the mood of others.

Public places such as stations, airports and shops. Speak in a low voice so as not to disturb others and use too many gestures. That kind of talk, laughing and laughing, is an obstacle to others and a contempt for others. Don't walk in public, walk lightly, and don't run as fast as you can in case of emergency, so as not to cause others' anxiety.

What are the etiquette cultures in Japan? Basic etiquette:

What is the common language of Japan? Japanese and English are very popular in hotels and big department stores.

Japan has? The habit of taking off your shoes when entering the house, so you need to wear clean shoes and socks in hotels or restaurants in Japan.

What are the general public places? No smoking. Please use a cigarette ash cup to smoke in the designated smoking area or the place marked "Smoking Place". Don't smoke while walking. Smoking while walking in some places will be fined.

Japan has the habit of using ordinary greetings. Please learn simple greetings and answer with the driver and others.

Hot springs? The hotel forbids wearing swimsuits into public baths. Before entering the public bath, you should take off your coat in the lounge, put your clothes in the basket and put a spare towel around before entering the bath. The way to take a bath is: first sit on the stool in front of the shower room and wash your body clean; If there is no shower, you can use a small bathtub to wash your body and take a bath.

What's the point of dating a Japanese? Arrive 5 ~ 10 minutes early, and you can't stand up. If you have something to visit, you should inform in advance, and it will be considered extremely impolite to come to the door suddenly.

Please follow up and down the stairs, especially when taking the escalator? Left (Tokyo area) or? The habit of walking to the right (Osaka).

Attend? Business activities need formal attire, and gifts and business cards should be prepared in advance.

Attend? Please ask more questions in the discussion and exchange activities to avoid silence.

For example. Please follow the instructions when exchanging business cards, distributing information and taking photos separately on formal occasions.

Dress etiquette:

Japanese people attach great importance to their clothes, whether on formal or informal occasions. On formal occasions, men and most young women wear suits. Men usually wear ties when they wear suits. Kimono is a traditional Japanese costume, which is characterized by sewing a piece of cloth. Nowadays, except for some special professionals, men rarely wear kimonos in public. Japanese women like to stroke their eyebrows, and generally like to draw thin eyebrows that are slightly curved. They think this is the most modern femininity.

Bowing etiquette

Japanese people usually bow when they meet. It is advisable for familiar people to bow to each other for two or three seconds when they meet; If you meet a good friend, you will bend over a little longer; When you meet people with higher social status and elders, you have to wait for the other person to look up, and sometimes even bow a few times. They also shake hands in social situations.

What etiquette cultures were there in the Tang Dynasty? Details are as follows:

1, Chinese etiquette

Etiquette and ceremony in China. In ancient China, there were five rituals: auspicious ceremony, wedding ceremony, guest ceremony, military ceremony and funeral ceremony. According to folklore, etiquette includes four kinds of life etiquette: birth, coronation, wedding and funeral. Actually, etiquette can be divided into politics and life. Politics includes offering sacrifices to heaven, land, ancestral temples, sages of teachers, drinking ceremony in the hometown of respecting teachers, meeting ceremony, military ceremony and so on. Life includes five sacrifices, high sacrifice, Nuo ceremony, birth ceremony, crown ceremony, food etiquette, gift etiquette and so on.

2. The origin of etiquette

According to Xunzi, there are "three books", namely, "the foundation of heaven and earth", "the foundation of ancestors" and "the foundation of learning from teachers". In etiquette, the funeral is the earliest. Funeral for the dead is to appease their ghosts, and for the living, respecting the old and loving the young, filial piety and virtue have become a kind of etiquette. In the process of establishing and carrying out etiquette, the patriarchal clan system in China was born (see "The Patriarchal Clan System in China"). The essence of etiquette is the way to govern people, and it is a derivative of the belief in ghosts and gods. People think that everything is manipulated by invisible ghosts and gods, and performing etiquette is to please ghosts and gods to get happiness. Therefore, etiquette originates from the belief in ghosts and gods, and it is also a special manifestation of the belief in ghosts and gods. The appearance of "Three Rites" (Yili, Li Ji and Zhou Li) marks the mature stage of etiquette development. In the Song Dynasty, etiquette was combined with feudal ethics and moral preaching, that is, etiquette and ethics were confused and became one of the effective tools to promote ethics. Salute serves to persuade morality, and red tape makes full use of it. It was not until modern times that etiquette was really reformed. Both the etiquette of national political life and the etiquette of people's life have become the new content of the theory of no ghosts, thus becoming the etiquette of modern civilization.

3. Ancient political etiquette

1 sacrifice to heaven.

Worship to heaven, which began in the Zhou Dynasty, is also called suburban worship. On the day of winter solstice, it is held in the capital of the southern suburbs. The ancients first paid attention to the worship of entities, and the worship of heaven was also reflected in the worship of the sun, the moon and the stars. All these specific worship, after reaching a certain amount, are painted as worship of heaven. The worship of heaven in Zhou Dynasty developed from the worship of "emperor" in Yin Dynasty. The supreme ruler is the son of heaven, and offering sacrifices to heaven serves the supreme ruler. Therefore, the prevalence of worship of heaven did not come to an end until the Qing Dynasty.

2 worship the ground.

The solstice in summer is the day of offering sacrifices to the earth, and the etiquette is roughly the same as that of offering sacrifices to heaven. In the Han Dynasty, the Earth God was called Mother, and she was the goddess who blessed mankind, also known as the country God. The earliest place of sacrifice was blood sacrifice. After the Han Dynasty, the belief in geomantic omen, which was not suitable for breaking ground, prevailed, and the rituals of offering sacrifices to the land included offering sacrifices to mountains and rivers, offering sacrifices to the land gods, the valley gods and the country.

(3) ancestral hall.

The ancestral temple system is the product of ancestor worship. Ancestral temple is a place where people set up for the deceased before his death. The ancestral temple system consists of seven temples for emperors, five temples for princes, three temples for doctors and one temple for scholars. Temples are not allowed in Shu Ren. The ancestral hall, the son of heaven and the princes are located on the left side of the door. Doctors sleep on the left and right in the temple. The common people set the ancestral hall next to the kitchen hall of the dormitory. When offering sacrifices, choose a corpse. Bodies are usually served by grandchildren. The god in the temple is a wooden cuboid, which is only placed when offering sacrifices. Sacrifices cannot be called by their first names. During the sacrificial ceremony, nine worships such as kowtow, nod, empty bow, vibration, auspicious worship, fierce worship, strange worship, praise worship and Su worship are performed. The ancestral hall also offered sacrifices to the first generation of emperors. The Book of Rites Quli stipulates that all the ancestors who made contributions to the people, such as Yao, Shun, Yu, Huangdi, King Wen, should make sacrifices. Since the Han Dynasty, people began to build cemeteries and shrines to offer sacrifices to the previous emperors. On the other hand, Ming Taizu established an imperial temple in Kyoto. During the Jiajing period, the Emperor Temple was built in Fuchengmen, Beijing, to worship the first king and the 36th emperor.

(4) offering sacrifices to sages.

After the Han and Wei Dynasties, the Duke of Zhou was a saint and Confucius was a teacher. In the Tang Dynasty, Confucius was the sage and Yan Hui was the teacher. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the ceremony of "releasing wine" has always been a ritual of learning and a ritual of offering sacrifices to Confucius. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, wine-releasing ceremonies were held twice a year in the spring and autumn, and Confucius and Yan temples were also set up in county schools all over the country. In the Ming Dynasty, Confucius was called "the most holy teacher". In the Qing Dynasty, Shengjing (Shenyang, Liaoning Province) established the Confucius Temple. After making Beijing its capital, imperial academy, the capital of Beijing, was elected as imperial academy and set up a Confucian Temple. Confucius called it "the forerunner from Dacheng to Wenshengxuan". Qufu's temple system, sacrificial vessels, musical instruments and etiquette are all based on Beijing imperial academy. Rural drinking ceremony is the product of offering sacrifices to sages. ⑤ Meeting ceremony. When subordinates meet their superiors, they should pay their respects to each other, and officials should also pay their respects to each other. When they meet, Volkswagen, Marquis and Ma Xu should pay tribute twice. The subordinates face west first, and the superiors face east first. When civilians meet, the young and the old salute, and the young salute. Say goodbye to the four foreign worshippers and pay homage nearby. ⑥ Military salute. Including conquest, taxation, hunting, construction, etc.

4. Ancient life etiquette

(1) birth ceremony. From a woman's seeking for a child when she is not pregnant to a baby's first birthday, all etiquette revolves around the theme of a long life. Shu Gao's sacrifice is begging etiquette. At this time, an altar was set up in the southern suburbs, and all the empresses participated. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, there were sacrifices made by Gao Qi. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the ceremony of Gao Qi was formulated. During the Jin Dynasty, Gao Qi offered sacrifices to Di Qing, and a wooden square platform was built in the north of Yong 'anmen in the east of the imperial city. There was no sacrifice by Gao Qi in Qing Dynasty, but there was a ceremony of "changing rope" with the same meaning. Birthday ceremonies have a preference for sons over daughters since ancient times. Birthday ceremonies also include "Three Dynasties", "Full Moon", "Hundred Days" and "One Year". The Three Dynasties are the three days when the baby was born and received various congratulations. When the baby is one month old, the full moon shaves the fetal hair. Hundred-day uncle recognition, naming ceremony. At the age of one, we should grasp the rites of the week and predict the fate and career of our children.

2 bar mitzvah. Also known as the coronation ceremony, it is a coronation ceremony for men to enter the ranks of adults. The coronation ceremony evolved from the adult ceremony attended by young men and women who were popular in clan society at maturity. The Han dynasty followed the crown ceremony system of the Zhou dynasty. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Jia Guan began to accompany with music. Crown ceremony was practiced in the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and was abolished in the Qing Dynasty. Many ethnic minority areas in China still have ancient adult rituals, such as pulling teeth, dyeing teeth, wearing skirts, trousers and tying a bun.

(3) Strict food etiquette. Dining is held in the ancestral temple, and the cooking is too firm to drink guests. The emphasis is on etiquette rather than diet. Yan is a banquet, the ceremony is held in the bedroom, and guests and friends can enjoy drinking. Yan Li has a profound influence on the formation of China's food culture. Festive banquets have formed festive food etiquette in China's folk food customs. Eating Yuanxiao on the 15th day of the first month, cold rice and vegetables in Tomb-Sweeping Day, zongzi and realgar wine in Duanyang in May, moon cakes and laba porridge in Mid-Autumn Festival, and making friends to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new are all festive ceremonies. Eating certain foods on some festivals is also a kind of eating etiquette. Seats for banquets, the order of serving, and the etiquette of persuading wine and toasting all have the requirements of men and women, the relationship of inferiority and the taboo of praying for blessings.

4 guest gifts. Mainly used to receive guests. There are different levels of gift etiquette for guests. When the scholars meet, the guests see the master, taking the pheasant as the guide; When doctors meet, they take geese as baskets; When you meet a doctor, you should take a lamb as a basket.

⑤ Five sacrifices. Refers to the sacrificial gate, gate, well, stove and middle room. In the Zhou Dynasty, people visited households in spring, roamed around in summer, visited doors in autumn and visited wells in winter. During the Han and Wei dynasties, there were five sacrifices every season, and in March of Meng Dong, there was a total sacrifice. In the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, the theory of "Seven Sacrifices to Heaven Emperor" was adopted, offering sacrifices to Siming (a minor god in the palace), Guo Men, Guo Xing, (a wild ghost), Hu and Zao. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were still five sacrifices. After Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, special sacrifices such as doors, households, baby carriages and wells were abandoned, and the stove was only sacrificed on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, which was consistent with the folk story that the kitchen god told the sky on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month. The national sacrificial ceremony adopted a folk form.

6 Nuo instrument. Originated in prehistoric times and prevailed in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Nuo ceremonies in the Zhou Dynasty were designed to drive away evil spirits and epidemics in the four seasons. Zhou people believe that the operation of nature is closely related to the good or ill luck of personnel. With the change of seasons, the variation of cold and heat, the epidemic of plague and the taking advantage of ghosts, timely mourning is needed to exorcise evil spirits. Fang Shixiang is the main god in Nuo ceremony. Twelve animals formula Shixiang appeared in Nuo instruments in Han Dynasty. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties followed the Han system, and entertainment elements were added to Nuo ceremonies, with musicians playing Fang and twelve animals. So far, the Nuo ceremony of Tujia nationality in Guizhou is the most complete and typical.

What are the etiquette cultures in Britain? In Britain, when a baby is born, parents and relatives usually name the baby according to the characteristics of the baby and the occupation of the father. Some prominent mothers will use their maiden name as their second name. In Britain, children only call their parents' brothers and sisters uncles. Old people in Britain pay attention to independence and don't like being called old. They don't need help when they walk.

In Britain, people stretch out the index finger and middle finger of their right hand in speeches or other occasions, with their palms facing outward, forming a V-shaped gesture to indicate victory; In Britain, if someone sneezes, others will say "bless you" to show good luck.

What are the so-called "nine worships" in the ancient "kneeling" etiquette culture? One is "kowtowing", that is, kneeling on the ground; The second is "nodding", that is, bowing to the ground; Third, "short", that is, bow to the hand; Fourth, "vibration", that is, both hands hit each other and worship; The fifth is "Bai Ji", that is, worshipping God and then reaching the ground with the quantity; Sixth, "worship fiercely", that is, worship after arriving at the ground with the amount; Seventh, "strange worship", that is, kneel first and then worship first; Eight words "praise worship", that is, worship and worship; Nine words are "Subai", that is, bowing. Among them, kowtowing, nodding and empty bow are the so-called "formal worship", which are the basic types of bow ceremony. Other types come from "formal worship". In feudal society, in order to maintain the hierarchy, the ruling class required people to target different objects on different occasions. Such as offering sacrifices to heaven, gods, ancestors, kings, sons, fathers, students and so on. "Nodding" is a courtesy among peers. "Empty bow" is an honorific answer to kowtow to humble people. "Lucky Bow" and "Fierce Bow" are performed in various temples and funerals. "Strange Bow" is a special bow ceremony in the army.

What are the differences between Chinese and western etiquette cultures? Oriental culture advocates collective and team spirit, and people are highly dependent. Western culture advocates independence and individual freedom. For example, China people pay attention to self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world. Personality is of paramount importance, and this personality is based on caring for the country, loving the collective, family harmony and harmonious interpersonal relationships. If you only consider personal interests, your personality will be greatly reduced.

And Americans have a stronger legal concept. On this premise, they advocate personal freedom and don't want to be interfered by the government, church or other organizations, just like me. In the family, children have the concept of self-reliance and self-improvement since childhood. Young people always want to be independent as soon as possible and get rid of the shackles of their parents. They don't want to rely too much on their families and parents, otherwise, they will lose their freedom and respect from others. This, China culture is different. Family is the most important collective life in China. Parents cherish their children and hate that they can't think of everything for them. They think that when their children grow up and get married, they should give them a big deal. When they have children, they should sacrifice their old age to take care of their grandchildren, that is, they put all their hopes on their children and take care of them too much, and their self-care ability will be poor. Even today, in China, where the planned economy is transforming into a market economy, employees of state-owned enterprises are reluctant to throw away the iron rice bowl/this dependence is the heritage of China traditional culture. To modern cultural concepts. Oriental culture advocates collective and group spirit, and people are more dependent. Western culture advocates independence and individual freedom. For example, people in China pay attention to self-cultivation and family harmony. Governing the country and calming the world is very important, and this character is based on caring for the country, loving the collective, family harmony and interpersonal harmony. If you only consider personal interests, your character will be greatly reduced.

In America, people have a strong legal concept. On this premise, they advocate personal freedom, do not want to be interfered by the church or other organizations, and like to go their own way. In the family, children are instilled with the concept of self-reliance and self-improvement from an early age. Young people always want to be independent as soon as possible and get rid of their parents' control. They don't want to rely too much on their families and parents, otherwise they will lose their freedom and respect from others. China's culture is different. Family is the most important life group in China. Parents cherish their children, hate their children and can't think of everything for them. As a result, their children grow up and have to do a lot for them when they get married. When they have children, they have to sacrifice their old age to take care of their grandchildren, that is, they put all their hopes on their children, which leads to poor self-care ability. Even in today's China, employees of state-owned enterprises are extremely reluctant to lose their iron rice bowls during the transition from planned economy to market economy. This dependence is the heritage of China's traditional culture and has a far-reaching influence on modern people's cultural concepts.

Differences in communicative languages

In daily greetings, most people in China use "Have you eaten?" "Where to?" Wait, this shows a kind of intimacy between people. But for westerners, this kind of greeting will make the other person feel suddenly, embarrassed or even unhappy, because westerners will understand this question as an "inquiry" and feel that the other person is asking about his private life. In the west, they just say "hello" or "good morning!" According to the time. "Good afternoon!" "Good evening!" Do it. And the British will meet and say, "What a beautiful day!"

In terms of appellation, in Chinese, only people who are familiar with it can "call them by their first names". But in the west, "name" is much broader than Chinese. In the west, "Mr" and "Mrs" are usually used to address strangers with unknown names. For women in their teens and twenties, they can be called "Miss" and married women can be called "Madam" or "Madam". Family members, regardless of rank, can generally call each other names or nicknames. At home, you can call your parents by their first names. All male elders can be called "uncle" and all female elders can be called "aunt". This cannot be done at home. Be sure to distinguish between Qing dynasty and Qing dynasty, old and young, otherwise it will be considered impolite.

There are many different farewell words in Chinese and western languages. For example, when saying goodbye to patients, people in China often say things like "drink more boiled water", "put on more clothes" and "go to bed early" to show their concern for patients. But westerners will never say anything like "drink more water" because it will be considered as pointing fingers. For example, they will say "take care" or "I hope you get well soon" and so on.