Hainan folk songs

There are four ethnic groups, Li Han and Miao Hui, living in Hainan Island. Their long-term cultural blending and infiltration have special manifestations in the lyrics, sentence patterns and tunes of folk songs. These folk songs with strong local ethnic characteristics have brought endless vitality to the increasingly active original music, which cannot but be attributed to the richness and diversity of Hainan folk songs. The soul work "I Made a Hat to Send to the Red Army" of the famous modern ballet "Red women soldiers" is based on the adaptation of the Li folk song "Wuzhishan Five Rivers" and created by using composition techniques such as variation. Similarly, the magnificent red women soldiers Legato also benefited from the inspiration of Wuzhishan folk songs, such as Chen Guangzhou's "The People's Liberation Army Came to Seven Feet and Seven Miles Village" and Xie Qing's.

Hainan folk songs mainly include Yazhou folk songs in the south, Li folk songs in Wuzhishan area in the middle, and Danzhou folk songs in the west. Because there are Hakka dialects of Han nationality in Yazhou area, that is, Hainan dialect, military dialect, Mai dialect, Danzhou dialect, Jia dialect, Li dialect, Huikou dialect and Miao dialect, the songs of four nationalities and eight languages are almost integrated. Yazhou folk songs are mainly popular in Sanya and Ledong today. According to Sanya Information Book, its causes can be traced back to midnight songs popular in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Wu Ge, Baojuan songs promoting Buddhist teachings in the Tang Dynasty, Zhuzhi Ci in the South of the Song Dynasty, Cantonese songs, Chaoshan folk songs and Hakka folk songs popular in the South after the Ming Dynasty.

Yazhou folk songs originated in Ming Dynasty and matured in Qing Dynasty. They include Hakka folk songs, military songs, Maihua songs, Danzhou songs, jia county water songs, Li songs, Hui songs and Miao songs. Almost all the typical songs and tunes of Hainan Island are covered by Yazhou folk songs. Among them, it is worth mentioning that Li folk songs in Yazhou area have a wide range of themes, rich contents, unique styles and beautiful tunes. It can be divided into two categories: one is the traditional Li songs, that is, the traditional Li tunes are sung in Li language, which is called "Li songs"; The other is Li Diao of China Ci, also known as Hakka Song Li, which is sung in Hainan dialect. This song "Song Li" is deeply influenced by Hakka folk songs, and is the product of the blending of Li and Han cultures. As Zhang Yuehu, an expert and writer of Li culture research, pointed out: "Li people have their own language, but they have no writing. Therefore, their cultural classics cannot be effectively preserved and are not convenient to spread. Chinese songs with ready-made words to remember have been popular in Wuzhishan area and published by some comrades as Li Ge. " "A Brief History of Li Nationality" also said: "Li Nationality folk songs can be divided into ancient folk songs sung in Li language and folk songs influenced by Han nationality sung in China Hainan dialect." In the late Qing Dynasty, Feng Zicai went to the Li nationality to encourage them to learn Chinese. Since then, Hainan dialect has been regarded as the lexical basis of Li songs, and the creation of Li songs has entered a brand-new stage rich in Chinese rhythm, and a scene comparable to Chinese lyrics or poems has begun to appear. For example, the Li folk song "Flowers by the Gexi River" circulating in Jiamao said: "Flowers by the Gexi River, the leaves of banyan trees jingle in the wind. The moon shines in the east and hangs in the west. " At this time, Li folk songs have reached a high artistic level.