Ask for 6 idiom stories, short and urgent! !

Fall behind Sun Shan (last on the list of successful candidates)-fail in the competitive examination.

During the Song Dynasty in China, there was a talented scholar named Sun Shan. He is not only humorous, but also good at telling jokes, so people nearby call him a "funny wit". Once, he and the son of a fellow villager went to Beijing to take a juren exam.

When the list was published, Sun Shan's name was listed at the bottom of the list, but on the list, the son of the fellow villagers who went with him was not admitted. Soon, Sun Shanxian returned home, and fellow villagers came to ask if his son had been admitted. Moriyama is embarrassed to say it directly, and it is not convenient to hide it. So he casually read two poems that were not poetic: "Xie Yuan is in Sun Shan and Xianlang is outside Sun Shan." Xie Yuan is the first in China's imperial examination system. The so-called "Xie Yuan" in Sun Shan's poems refers to a general who passed the exam.

The overall meaning of this poem is: The last one on the list of "Juren" is my Sun Shan, but your son's name is still behind my Sun Shan. "From then on, according to this story, people go to school or take various exams, but they are not admitted, which is called" falling into Sun Shan ".

Ignorance and incompetence

During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, General Huo Guang was an important official of the imperial court and won the trust of Emperor Wu. On his deathbed, Emperor Wu entrusted his youngest son, Liu Fuling (Emperor Zhao), to Huo Guang for assistance. After the death of Emperor Zhao, Huo Guang made Liu Xun Emperor (Xuan Di). Huo Guang was in power for more than forty years, which made great contributions to Wang Jin in the Western Han Dynasty. After Liu Xun acceded to the throne, she made Xu Fei queen. Huo Guang's wife Huo Xian is a greedy woman. She wanted to marry her little daughter, Cheng Jun, to be the queen of Liu Xun, so she took advantage of Xu Niangniang's illness and bribed a female doctor to poison the queen. The poisonous trick was exposed and the female doctor was jailed. Huo Guang knew nothing about this beforehand, but when it came out, Huo told him. Huo Guang was very scared and accused his wife of not doing such a thing. He also wanted to report it, but he couldn't bear to have his wife convicted. After careful consideration, he concealed this heinous thing. After Huo Guang's death, someone reported the case to Xuan Di, and Xuan Di sent someone to investigate and deal with it. Huo Guang's wife heard about it, discussed countermeasures with her family and cronies, and decided to gather people to plan a rebellion. She didn't want to reveal the secret, so Xuan Di sent troops to surround her family. Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, commented on Huo Guang's merits and demerits in Han Huo Guang Biography. Said he was "uneducated and ignorant, and kept in the dark in Dali", that is to say, Huo Guang had no knowledge, so he didn't know the truth of the overall situation. The idiom "no learning and no skill" means no learning and no skill.

lay exposed/open to attacks on all sides

Story: Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to take the east and west of the gorge (in present-day Rongxian County, Jia Luhe) as the boundary and not invade each other. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Sean and Chen Ping, and thought that Xiang Yu should be destroyed when he was weak. Then he chased Xiang Yu's army with Han Xin, Peng Yue and Liu Jia, and chased Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu) eastward. Finally, several layers of troops were arranged to tightly surround Xiang Yu (in the southeast of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). At this time, Xiang Yu's soldiers were few and there was no food. In the evening, he was very surprised to hear the troops around him singing Chu folk songs and said, "Is Liu Bang banned? Why are there so many Chu people in his army? " After talking, I lost my fighting spirit, so I got out of bed and drank in the camp. Sing with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I cried, and everyone around me was very sad, and they all felt that they could not lift their heads. After a while, Xiang Yu got on his horse and escaped from the south with only 800 cavalry. Run away and fight, commit suicide by Wujiang River. Because there is a story in this story that Xiang Yu was surprised to hear the songs of Chu songs around him, and then failed to commit suicide, people later used "besieged on all sides" to describe the personnel environment where people were attacked or persecuted from all directions, resulting in an embarrassing situation of isolation and helplessness. Anyone caught in this situation often has a tragic fate. For example, some people are idle because they often associate with bad people. But later, the bad guys forced him to make a living. When he asks for help from others, others should treat him as a bad person on weekdays, and never sympathize with him or ignore him. This man's situation is "besieged on all sides".

Success or failure is due to the same person; Something will be done or destroyed by the same person.

Success is in Xiao He and failure is also in Xiao He; Metaphorically, the success or failure of things is all because of the same person.

Story: When Liu Bang was a Hanwang, Han Xin defected to his door and became a junior official. He ran away because he couldn't show his military talent. When Xiao He, the Prime Minister, heard that Han Xin had left, he pursued him overnight with his entourage. After his recovery, Xiao He recommended Han Xin as a general. Since then, Han Xin has made great contributions to the unification of Liu Bang and the establishment of the Han Dynasty. When Liu Bang became emperor, he did not trust Han Xin, so he lifted his military power and renamed him King Chu, and later he was reduced to Huaiyin Hou. Later, Liu Bang went to crusade against a generation of leader Chen Si. Because Han Xin has relations with Chen Si, someone took the opportunity to tell Liu Bang's wife Lv Hou that Han Xin was planning a rebellion after seeing Chen Si's failure. Hearing this, Lv Hou discussed with Xiao He the plan to trick Han Xin into the palace and kill him on the spot. At the beginning, it was Xiao He who strongly recommended Han Xin as a general; It was also Xiao He who later designed to kill Han Xin. So people say: "Success is also Xiao He, and failure is also Xiao He."

bleed

Story: Li He, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, began to write poems and articles at the age of seven, and he was brilliant. As an adult, he wholeheartedly hoped that the court would attach importance to him, but he never succeeded in politics and had to devote his depressed mood to poetry creation. Every time he goes out, he asks for a bag with great bookishness. As soon as he was inspired and came up with some good poems, he wrote them down immediately and reorganized them after he got home. Mother always said with distress: "My son has put all his energy and painstaking efforts into writing poems, and he really has to spit out his heart before he will give up!" " During his short 26-year career, Li He left more than 240 poems, which condensed his life's hard work. Han Yu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote two poems: "Take the liver as paper and write words with painstaking efforts. "That is to say, dig out your heart, use it as paper, and write articles with blood. Later, people often use the metaphor of "painstaking care" to think hard.

Endure hardships to achieve some ambition.

Story: During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a war between wuyue. Yue was defeated by Wu, and Gou Jian was captured by Fu Cha. Later, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, released Gou Jian and sent him back to Huiji, the capital of Yue. Gou Jian hangs a gallbladder in the place where he sits and lies, and lies on the straw at night, facing the gallbladder. Try gall at dinner every day. Always ask yourself: "Have you forgotten the humiliation of being defeated?" In this way, Gou Jian and Tong Gan * * * and * * mutually assured destruction. After ten years of development, production and training, Fu Cha was finally defeated and Wu was destroyed in 473 BC.

(of an unknown person) achieved amazing results at the first attempt.

A blockbuster, soaring. It tells the story of Chu Zhuangwang in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After Chu Zhuangwang ascended the throne, in order to observe the dynamics of the ruling and opposition parties and let other countries relax their vigilance against him, he was in power for three years without issuing a decree. He either goes out hunting and plays in the palace every day, or drinks with the concubines in the harem for fun, and no one is allowed to give advice. He ordered the whole country: "Whoever dares to give an idea will be punished as a capital crime!" Both the ruling and the opposition are worried about the future of Chu. At that time, Uchijima, who was in charge of military and political affairs, tactfully advised Zhuang Wang by guessing: "When I was in the south, I saw a bird, which landed on the mound in the south. For three years, I haven't spread my wings, sung or been silent. What's the name of this bird? " Knowing that Uji Island is hinting at himself, Chu Zhuangwang said: "If you don't spread your wings for three years, you are growing wings; Not flying, not singing, is to observe people's attitude. Although birds don't fly, they can fly to the sky; It doesn't sound good, but it will be amazing. Go home, I know what you mean. " After that, Chu Zhuangwang reorganized the Chaogang and revived Regal, which soon made Chu rich and the army strong.