What is the most famous painting in the Louvre?

The Louvre Museum is the world's most famous art museum and the most representative national museum in France. After more than 200 years of development, its collection has continued to increase and now has 400,000 items from ancient times to the 19th century. The essence of human art in the first half of the century, with a building area of ??150,000 square meters and an area of ??400,000 square meters. It is a treasure trove of human art known as "the place of praise in the world". It is located in the Louvre on the north bank of the Seine River in the center of Paris with beautiful scenery. The palace, originally a medieval castle, was built in a place called Lupara during the reign of Philip II in 1200 to strengthen the defense of Paris. It is called "Louvre" in French. During the reign of French King Charles V (Charles V 1364-1380), the castle was expanded into a royal residence in 1365. In the mid-16th century, after Francis I succeeded to the throne, the palace was demolished. He ordered the architect Pierre Lescaut to build a palace on the basis of the original castle. Francis also asked famous painters at the time to paint his portrait. He admired the Italian painters and purchased paintings by Faello, the most famous painter in Italy at the time. Including treasures such as the Mona Lisa. After Francis I's son Henry II came to the throne, he rebuilt the parts that his father had destroyed. During the reign of Henry IV, he spent 13 years building the most spectacular part of the Louvre - the Grand Gallery, a gorgeous 300-meter-long corridor. Louis XIV is a famous king in French history. He is called the Sun King. He was only 5 years old when he ascended the throne and served as king in the Louvre for 72 years - the longest reigning king in French history. Louis XIV built the Louvre into a square courtyard and built a magnificent gallery outside the courtyard. He purchased paintings from various European schools, including works by Cashdet, Rembrandt and others. His lifelong obsession with art and architecture left France's coffers empty. During the reign of Louis XVI, the famous Revolution of 1789 broke out, and the first guillotine of the French Revolution was built in the "Arena" courtyard of the Louvre. On May 27, 1792, the National Assembly announced that the Louvre would belong to the public and become a public museum. By the time of Napoleon, more houses were built outside the building, the wings of the palace were strengthened, and arches were built in the arena courtyard. The first carved horses on the arches were from the Basilica of San Marco in Venice. Removed from above. Napoleon decorated the Louvre like never before, bringing into the Louvre the best art that the rest of Europe had to offer. Napoleon renamed the Louvre the Napoleon Museum, and its huge corridors were filled with art he looted. It was not until Napoleon III that the entire magnificent architectural complex of the Louvre was completed, which took nearly 600 years.

The Louvre Museum has now become the most famous national museum of art and history in the world. The collection is divided into seven parts: Greek, Etruscan, Roman antiquities, Egyptian antiquities, ancient Oriental and Islamic art, sculpture, arts and crafts, paintings, prints and drawings, covering human civilization from antiquity to the first half of the 19th century. A precious work of art of its development.

1: "Madonna of the Rocks", Leonardo da Vinci (Italy), 1483-1486, wood board, oil paint, 199 cm·122 cm

Leonardo Da Vinci After arriving in Milan, he began to create the painting "Virgin of the Rocks". The characters in the painting are in a cave, and their situation blends into the dark cave. Leonardo da Vinci used the law of chiaroscuro to shape the body and exaggerate the emotions of the characters. The figures are grouped into a pyramid-like composition, giving it a sense of stability. The image of the Virgin is portrayed extremely perfectly, with Leonardo da Vinci's "formula smile" on her face. The baby Jesus in the lower right corner seems to be bathing in heaven. He points to John and asks John to baptize him. The light trembles on Jesus' limbs. His left hand resting on the ground is the focus of the light. He is the real center of the composition. In the lower left corner, the innocent little John holds up his hands and salutes Jesus in return. Behind Jesus is an angel, and these four people echo each other through their respective gestures.

2: "Ship of Fools", Bosch (Netherlands), about 1490, wooden board, oil paint, 57.8 cm·32.5 cm

Bosch was a painter from the Netherlands at the end of the 15th century A painter with a very unique style. The content of his works has become more complex year by year, and the themes are mostly taken from folk tales, jokes, and fables. His painting style breaks away from the tradition of iconography, and the characters are strange and changeable, with profound meanings and full of whimsical images. This work was created when the feudal system in Western Europe was on the verge of crisis. The satirical poem "Ode to Fools" by the humanist Erasmus was one of his inspirations for creating "Ship of Fools". Bosch cleverly combined realism and romance, poignantly satirizing the church and bureaucracy at the time. The ship could no longer move forward, but the bishops, theologians, plantation owners and fools who believed deeply in the church were still on board intoxicated with their crazy free will. They sang loudly, flirted wantonly, and hung long flags on the mast in an attempt to show their vitality, but all in vain. Anyone who dared to point out the truth would be dead, as the head hanging from the mast showed. The joyful scene of the fools is full of sharp irony, and the clear heaven and earth envelop the fools' sins, which is really unforgettable.

3: "The Banker and His Wife", Mathis (Flanders), 1514, wood panel, oil paint, 71 cm·68 cm

Maxis He was one of the most outstanding painters in Flanders in the early 16th century, and his works were deeply influenced by Italian painting style. Most of his paintings are based on religious themes, and he also makes some portraits and satirical genre paintings. This "Banker and His Wife" is one of his important genre paintings. The painting style is realistic and fully reflects the author's painting style. The close-up of the characters is facing the viewer, and the background is small and delicate, reflecting the real social scene. It is an early work depicting the daily life of ordinary people in modern art. The painting is very detailed. The husband is concentrating on weighing the coins, and the wife is paying attention to him while flipping through the book. There is a mirror on the table, which reflects the rectangular window and the street view outside the window. You can even see the people beside the window. The background is a long row of shelves. The plates, books, and utensils placed on the shelves are all depicted realistically. The author combines the complex styles he learned from painting with his creative emotions to form a unique painting style.

4: "The Wedding Banquet at Cana", Veronese (Italy), 1563, canvas, oil painting, 665.3 cm·990.6 cm

Veronese received it from his teacher He was inspired by Xiang’s use of color and combined it with the bright silvery gray tones that he is good at to form his own unique style. His works are splendid and decorative, with grand compositions, rich and transparent colors, bold brushwork, and an organic combination of form and spirit. Veronese liked to paint with denim and had a strong interest in expressing luxurious banquet scenes. "The Wedding at Cana" is the largest work in the Louvre Museum and is based on stories from the Bible. The whole picture is filled with characters and complicated decorations, but there is no sense of visual oppression. In addition to the central characters Jesus and the Virgin, many other characters include real royal nobles, monks, cardinals, painters, and their relatives and friends. Veronese uses religious stories to show secular wedding scenes in an urban setting. The characters in the picture are gorgeously dressed, and the whole scene looks magnificent against the silver-gray background. In the orchestra in the center of the foreground, masters of art such as Titian, Veronese, Tintoretto and others are all depicted as playing musicians. The crowded crowds, buildings and the empty sky form a contrast, and the horizontal and vertical lines achieve compositional unity, allowing the artist to maintain a sense of balance and depth in the painting. The hourglass and music score on the table symbolize the passage of time. In the description in the Bible, Jesus did not want to obey the Virgin Mary's request at the wedding banquet in Cana. He said: "My time has not yet come." It can be seen from this that Veronese seems to want to show off his beauty in luxurious worldly scenes. It also explores deeper philosophical meanings, which also makes this work more thought-provoking.

5: "Gypsy Girl", Hals (Netherlands), 1628-1630, canvas, oil painting, 58 cm·52 cm

Hals is a 17th century An important representative of Dutch portrait painters. He is good at capturing the characters' instant expressions and making them lifelike. "Gypsy Girl" is his most representative masterpiece. The girl in the painting has messy black hair and a cunning smile on her face. Her rosy cheeks and vivid bright eyes strongly convey the exotic style of this cheerful and energetic girl. The painter depicts the gypsy girl's clothing with bright and broad strokes, emphasizing the character's optimism and cheerfulness; he uses a half-length composition to highlight the character's expression and posture; he uses warm tones to express the unrestrained and unrestrained nature of the girl. Although this is a portrait, it incorporates the characteristics of genre paintings. Therefore, it is speculated that it is a work of a painter with very advanced painting skills and experience. It reflects the exquisiteness of his portrait art in all aspects.

6: "The Inspiration of the Poet", Poussin (France), 1630, canvas, oil painting, 184 cm·214 cm

Poussin is good at drawing from mythology, religion and historical stories The subjects in his works are full of three-dimensionality, and the compositions are well-proportioned and complete. These characteristics are reflected in his early work "The Poet's Inspiration". The theme of the work is to praise the poets of his time. In the picture, the sun god Apollo is sitting sideways in the middle, holding the piano with one hand and pointing to the poet's notebook with the other hand, dictating to the poet beside him; the poet is holding a pen in one hand and a notebook in the other, looking up and thinking; on the left side of the picture It was the beautiful muse Calliope, who was looking at them happily. Two little angels holding laurel wreaths woven from laurel branches and leaves hover around the Sun God. Legend has it that the sun god Apollo once fell in love with the beautiful goddess Daphne. Daphne was forced to turn into a laurel tree. Apollo was very regretful and took off the branches and leaves on the tree and turned them into a laurel wreath as a memorial. In the painting, the little angel is preparing to put the laurel wreath on the poet's head, which is a tribute to his artistic achievements. The composition of the picture is rigorous and harmonious, reflecting the author's infinite admiration for classical art.

7: "Magdalena before the Oil Lamp", Latour (France), about 1640-1645, canvas, oil painting, 128 cm·94 cm

Latour is a famous painter in the Lorraine region of France and a pioneer of classical painting. Most of his works are religious paintings and genre paintings. He once created two very similar works about Magdalena. Latour was good at depicting things under candlelight at night, and this type of work is called "night painting". His paintings have a sculptural fullness, with simple backgrounds and prominent figures. In the picture, Magdalena is wearing a white top and red skirt, sitting in front of an oil lamp, holding her chin with her left hand, and stroking the skull on her lap with her right hand, lost in thought. The light of the oil lamp reflected her meditative face and plump breasts, and also illuminated the thick Bible, the cross, and the whip she used to whip herself on the table. Her legs were also vaguely visible in the light and shadow. The painting relies on the depiction of candlelight to create a real, natural and solemn atmosphere, filled with a touch of gloom and loneliness. This kind of "night painting" gradually fell into disfavor, but Latour's work has always been regarded as a masterpiece and widely circulated.

8: "The Lame Man", Ribera (Spain), 1642, canvas, oil painting, 164 cm·94 cm

Ribera is a painter of the Neapolitan School and Spanish painter The bridge between the art of painting and one of the most important and distinctive successors of Caravaggio's artistic style. His works have a wide range of themes and unique styles. Most of his religious paintings have a secular tendency, praising people rather than gods, and depicting mostly people at the bottom of society. "The Lame Man" is an important work by Ribera that reveals the state of society and is one of the greatest paintings depicting human dignity. The wandering child in the painting is lonely and has a disabled foot. He stands alone in an open field, carrying a cane on his shoulder, just like a soldier carrying his gun. He turned sideways to people, showing a sad giggle, and the note in his hand said: "For the sake of God, have mercy on me!" The painter vividly depicted this portrait genre painting with simple and unpretentious artistic language. .

The softest colors were used when painting the boy's clothes. The light in the picture comes from the boy himself, suggesting a joyful self-confidence in the lonely abandoned child. For him, living is a winner, and as long as he is alive, he is already calm and satisfied. He moved forward with heroic courage, his face glowing with the radiance of a pure heart.