What is Nobel Prize in Literature?

Nobel Prize in Literature was a will written by Nobel on 1895,165438+1October 27th. He donated 31220,000 Swedish kronor to set up a fund, and awarded the interest as a bonus every year to "the person who made the greatest contribution to mankind in the past year". According to his will, the Swedish government established the Nobel Foundation in the same year, which is responsible for distributing the annual interest of the fund in five equal parts, and the literature prize is one of them.

Not everyone is qualified to be a nominee for the Nobel Prize, and group nominations and individual applications are not accepted. The qualifications of the nominees for the literary prize are: an academician of the Swedish Academy of Arts, and a person equivalent to an academician of the Academy of Arts in various countries; Professors of literature and linguistics in institutions of higher learning; Nobel Prize in Literature winner; Chairman of writers' associations of various countries.

It will take at least two or four weeks from the resumption of classes in the College of Liberal Arts to the announcement of the award-winning results. Discuss, comment and vote every Thursday night until a candidate gets more than half of the votes (at least 8 votes are required). If there is no more than half of the votes after many times, sometimes a compromise will be reached, and the two will be divided equally (four times so far), and sometimes the vacancy of that year will be left for the next year.

Extended information selection organization:1786 On April 5th, King Gustav III of Sweden established the Swedish Academy in Stockholm. The proper name of "Swedish Academy" has neither the title of "royal" nor the definition of "literature", but it is less than the word "royal" in the "Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences", so it is often confused, thinking that the literature prize and the science prize are awarded by one institution. "

The Swedish Academy of Literature is limited to 18 lifelong academicians, all of whom were directly appointed by Gustav III at first. Every academician sits in a numbered chair and stays motionless for life. Vacancies of deceased academicians were nominated by other academicians, voted in secret, and then appointed by the king and announced to the public. Because language was emphasized in the past, traditional academicians were mostly linguists and historians, and writers and writers were only a few. This situation has not been fundamentally changed until now. According to the Constitution of Swedish Academy, there is always an authority in the legal field among academicians.

1896, the Swedish Academy of Literature accepted the task awarded to Nobel Prize in Literature, and its functions gradually tilted towards literature. More and more writers and writers have been elected as academicians by-elections, and now more than half of them have finally become "literary colleges".

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Nobel Prize in Literature