What are the hazards of smog? What are the methods to prevent the harm of fog and haze?

With the deterioration of air quality, haze weather began to appear. At present, many places in China have foggy weather, which brings a lot of harm. What is the cause of haze weather? What are the hazards of smog? What are the methods to prevent smog hazards? Let's take a look with Bian Xiao!

What is smog?

Smog/haze (wámáI in English) is a combination of fog and haze. Smog is very common in cities. In many areas of China, fog and haze are combined as disastrous weather phenomena for early warning and forecasting, which are collectively called "haze weather".

Hazy weather refers to the hazy vision of the atmosphere when the relative humidity of the atmosphere is between 80-90%. The low visibility of this situation is caused by the mixture of haze and fog, which is called haze weather. But this kind of weather is very rare, because the atmospheric humidity is between 80-90%, usually after rain, the rain will filter out the dust in the atmosphere. After the rain, there is generally less dust in the atmosphere and it is not easy to form smog.

Causes of haze weather formation

Fog refers to the weather phenomenon that the visibility is lower than 1 km due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the atmosphere. The formation of smog is mainly the result of a large number of suspended particles in the air and meteorological conditions. There are three reasons for the formation of haze weather:

1, the phenomenon of increasing static wind in horizontal direction.

2. There is an inversion in the vertical direction.

3. The increase of suspended particles in the air.

With the growth of urban population and industrial development, the number of motor vehicles has soared, and the emissions of pollutants and suspended solids have increased greatly, which directly leads to the decline of visibility. In fact, dust "smog" will also occur in home decoration, and indoor dust is pervasive, which is not only harmful to the health of staff and users, but also increases the cleaning burden. When the dust is serious, it will also bring many hidden dangers to the decoration project.

In addition to meteorological conditions, the increase of atmospheric particulate matter (including coarse particulate matter PM 10 and fine particulate matter PM2.5) caused by industrial production, vehicle exhaust emissions and coal burning in winter is an important factor of smog. At present, the level of pollutant discharge in many cities is at a critical point, which is very sensitive to meteorological conditions. When diffusion conditions are good, the air quality can reach the standard, and once adverse weather conditions are encountered, the air quality and visibility will drop rapidly.

What are the hazards of smog?

First, the harm of smog to people

1, lung injury

Smog weather has the greatest impact on the respiratory system, which has become the consensus of most people that the respiratory system has the most frequent contact with the external environment and the contact area is large. Hundreds of atmospheric particles can directly enter and adhere to the upper and lower respiratory tract and lungs of the human body, most of which will be inhaled by the human body. Secondly, the haze weather weakens the surface ultraviolet rays, which easily increases the activity of bacteria in the air. Fine particles can "carry" bacteria and viruses deep into the respiratory system, causing infection.

2. Hurt my heart

Harvard University School of Public Health has proved that particulate pollutants on cloudy days will not only cause myocardial infarction, but also cause myocardial ischemia or injury. The United States investigated 25,000 people with heart disease or bad heart, and found that with the increase of PM2.5, the mortality rate of patients would increase 10 μ g/m3.

Step 3 damage blood vessels

There are many pollutants in the air in foggy days, and the air pressure is low, which is easy to induce acute attacks of cardiovascular diseases. When the fog is heavy, the water vapor content is high. When people exercise outdoors, sweat is not easy to be discharged, which makes people feel chest tightness and blood pressure rise. Moreover, in foggy weather, the air pressure is relatively low, and people will feel irritable and their blood pressure will naturally rise. In addition, in foggy days, the temperature is often low. Some patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease suddenly go from warm indoor to cold outdoor, and blood vessels expand with heat and contract with cold, which will also increase blood pressure, leading to stroke and myocardial infarction.

4, hurt the skin

Skin also has respiratory function. In clean air, the skin will be very comfortable and moist, but in a dirty environment, the skin will be very uncomfortable.

5. Brain injury

Smog not only harms organs, but also affects the nervous system invisibly. Zhong Nanshan once introduced that the 65th annual meeting of the American Geriatrics Association came to a conclusion that if PM2.5 in the air increases 10 μ g/m3, people's brain function will age for three years.

6. Injury of reproductive system and urinary system

The influence of smog on semen quality is mainly manifested in the later stage. Inhalable substances in smog enter human blood circulation and gradually accumulate in various organs of human body, including scrotum in semen factory. In addition, because the genitourinary system is the fastest metabolizing tissue in human body, when particles inhaled from outside enter human blood circulation, it is the genitourinary system that will be affected first, which will cause some diseases of genitourinary system, such as renal failure, uremia, oligozoospermia, sperm malformation and prostatic hyperplasia.

In addition, it should be noted that diseases such as colds and allergies are more likely to attack or worsen in foggy days; Some pathogens in smog can cause headaches and even induce diseases such as hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage; Hazy weather will also lead to the weakening of ultraviolet rays in the surface layer, which can enhance the activity of infectious bacteria in the air and increase infectious diseases.

The above is Bian Xiao's introduction, I hope I can help you!

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