White pollution has caused serious damage to human production and living environment. What positive measures have people taken to deal with this problem?

I. Global 10 Major Environmental Issues

1, climate warming

2. Ozone layer destruction

3. Loss of biodiversity

4, acid rain spread

5. The forest area has decreased sharply.

6. Land desertification

7. Air pollution

8. Water pollution

9. Marine pollution

10, solid waste pollution

Second, the environmental situation in China

1, air pollution is soot pollution, dust and acid rain are the most harmful, and the pollution degree is getting bigger and bigger.

2. Acid rain is mainly distributed in the south of Yangtze River, east of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Sichuan Basin. Acid rain pollution is the most serious in central China.

3. The water in rivers, lakes and reservoirs is generally polluted to varying degrees. Except for some inland rivers and large reservoirs, pollution tends to increase, especially in the waters near industrialized towns.

4. Among the seven major water systems (Pearl River, Yangtze River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Hailuan River, Liaohe River and Songhua River), the Yellow River Basin, Songhua River and Liaohe River Basin are seriously polluted by water.

5. The pollution of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in large freshwater lakes is extensive and eutrophication is serious.

6. The Bohai Sea and the East China Sea are seriously polluted, while the South China Sea is relatively light.

7. The deterioration of the ecological environment in fishery waters has not fundamentally changed, and there is an increasing trend.

8. Urban environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.

9, urban surface water pollution is generally serious, showing a worsening trend. Most rivers are polluted to varying degrees.

10, two thirds of the rivers and more than100000 hectares of farmland in China have been polluted.

Three. Theme of environmental day over the years

1974: There is only one earth.

1975: human settlement

Water, an important resource of life

1977: Pay attention to ozone layer destruction, soil erosion, soil degradation and deforestation.

1978: development without destruction

1979: for children and the future-development without destruction.

1980: New 10 year, new challenge-development without destruction.

198 1 year: protect groundwater and human and human food chain; Prevent the pollution of toxic chemicals

1982: to commemorate the Stockholm conference on human environment 10, to raise environmental awareness.

1983: manage and treat hazardous wastes to prevent acid rain.

1996: Our Earth, Home and Residence

1997: for life on earth.

Overview of environmental pollution

Due to people's insufficient expectation of the negative impact of highly developed industries and unfavorable prevention, three global crises have resulted: resource shortage, environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Humans constantly discharge pollutants into the environment. However, due to the diffusion, dilution, redox and biodegradation of atmosphere, water and soil, etc. The concentration and toxicity of pollutants will naturally decrease, which is called environmental self-purification. If the discharged substances exceed the self-purification capacity of the environment, the environmental quality will change adversely, endangering human health and survival, thus leading to environmental pollution.

There are many classifications of environmental pollution:

According to environmental factors: air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution.

According to human activities: industrial environmental pollution, urban environmental pollution, agricultural environmental pollution.

According to the nature and sources of environmental pollution: chemical pollution, biological pollution, physical contamination (noise pollution, radioactivity, electromagnetic wave) solid waste pollution, energy pollution.

Environmental pollution will cause direct damage and influence to the ecosystem, such as desertification and forest destruction, and will also cause indirect harm to the ecosystem and human society. Sometimes this indirect environmental impact is more harmful than the direct harm caused at that time, and it is more difficult to eliminate. For example, the greenhouse effect, acid rain and ozone layer destruction are all environmental impacts caused by air pollution. This kind of environmental effect from environmental pollution is lagging behind, and it is often difficult to be detected or predicted when pollution occurs. However, once it happens, it means that environmental pollution has developed to a very serious degree. Of course, the most direct and easily felt consequence of environmental pollution is to reduce the environmental quality of human beings and affect their quality of life, physical health and production activities. For example, urban air pollution causes air pollution, and the incidence of people is rising. Water pollution worsens the quality of water environment, and the quality of drinking water sources generally declines, threatening people's health and causing premature birth or malformation of fetus. Serious pollution incidents not only bring health problems, but also cause social problems. With the intensification of pollution and the improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection, disputes and conflicts between people caused by pollution have increased year by year.

At present, environmental pollution problems have appeared in different degrees all over the world, including atmospheric environmental pollution, marine pollution and urban environmental problems. With the globalization of economy and trade, environmental pollution is becoming more and more international. In recent years, the problem of transboundary movement of hazardous wastes is a prominent manifestation in this regard.

Environmental protection, starting from the little things around us. ...

Recently, a group of middle school students in Beijing wrote a letter to Premier Zhu Rongji advocating environmental protection, which aroused the Premier's great attention ... Ask ourselves, shouldn't each of us reflect deeply on this?

Environmental protection is not a new problem for us, and our government has already put forward a clear governance goal. As every ordinary person in real life, although it is impossible for all of us to directly engage in environmental protection work, we can start from small things and start from me. When you see the faucet dripping in the bathroom, can you raise your hand and turn it off? The battery is used up, can it be collected separately instead of thrown away? Can you consciously not use ultra-thin plastic bags when shopping? ..... Although every little thing is insignificant, it shows how much we are aware of environmental protection.

I know an old lady who takes a small cloth bag every time she goes shopping and a small steel spoon every time she goes to a restaurant. It looks ordinary, but it is really not easy for this old comrade to consciously insist on not using white plastic bags and disposable chopsticks for many years. This requires not only a firm belief in environmental protection but also good habits. There is no doubt that environmental awareness is closely related to people's education level, and it is easiest for us to find supporters of environmental protection on university campuses. However, we can often find a lot of leftovers in the trash can of the university cafeteria. The author also heard that there was such a college student who was enthusiastic about environmental protection and went to the Yunnan border to protect the golden monkey, but he forgot to turn off the tap in the water room several times. This reminds us that it is not easy to protect the environment in an all-round way and popularize and improve the environmental awareness of the whole nation. Environmental protection includes not only protecting animals and forests, preventing air and water pollution, but also all kinds of small things that are everywhere in our lives.

In the final analysis, human protection of the environment is based on the protection of the increasingly depleted resources on the earth and the minimum conditions for our survival and development. When industrial civilization entered the 2 1 century, its damage to the environment became more and more serious, and the utilization of resources became abusive, which aroused more and more vigilance. Governments of various countries have taken many measures to protect the environment, and great progress has been made in environmental protection, which has become the knowledge of human society. Up to now, when it comes to environmental protection, few people will openly oppose it, but there is still a lot of work to be done to really protect the environment and resources consciously and for a long time. I think we should first establish the awareness of environmental protection in the whole nation, specifically, we should establish the awareness of resources and survival. Let everyone realize that protecting the environment and resources is closely related to each of us. Protecting the environment is not only a great cause for future generations, but also directly related to the survival of human society today! You can't hold the idea that there is little difference between environmental protection and environmental protection, you can't relax, and you can't be afraid of trouble. Of course, government departments have an important responsibility for environmental protection, and every unit, every enterprise and everyone has a more direct and specific responsibility for this. As long as we start from ourselves and start from small things, we will work together and persevere, which will definitely leave a clear water and blue sky for the society and ourselves. At this point, middle school students in Beijing gave us many good suggestions. Is there anything we should hesitate about?

Prevention and control of white pollution

1, to minimize the use of disposable plastic tableware and paper tableware. Any disposable tableware is not only not conducive to environmental protection, but also the biggest waste of resources. We should not rely too much on plastic bags in our daily life. In the store, you can use one or two plastic bags to sort the goods. The weight of the goods is completely within the allowable range of the bags, but some customers simply ask for one or two more bags. Most consumers take supermarket plastic bags home as garbage bags, which will cause secondary pollution to the environment after being discarded. Therefore, we should refuse to use plastic bags to buy food or hold food. We can use vegetable baskets or cloth bags to avoid one-time use and reduce environmental pollution. You can use your own stainless steel or plastic lunch box to pack food, which is hygienic and environmentally friendly and will not cause harm to your body.

2、

Recycling of waste plastics is the fundamental way to solve white pollution. In fact, compared with other materials, plastics have a significant advantage: they can be easily recycled. After plastic recycling, it can not only be recycled into products, but also be made into gasoline and diesel oil.

In recent years, in Germany, Japan, the United States and other countries, due to the emphasis on the recycling of packaging materials, a virtuous cycle of plastic production, use, recycling and reuse has been realized, and white pollution has been fundamentally eliminated. In China, recycling of waste plastics has begun. We should cooperate with relevant government departments to classify wastes so that the recycling work can be carried out smoothly.

3、

Strengthening environmental protection propaganda, raising citizens' awareness of environmental protection and forming a good environmental protection atmosphere in society are the prerequisites for solving white pollution and other forms of pollution. For example, to recycle waste plastics, it is necessary to implement the garbage recycling and sub-packaging system and put different kinds of garbage in different trash cans, which requires us to have a high degree of conscious awareness of environmental protection.

At present, China has begun to take administrative and technical measures to prevent and control "white pollution".

In administration, the first is to strengthen management. For example, the problem of "white pollution" on both sides of the railway, which is concerned by the society, has been obviously improved by strengthening management. Starting from the second half of 1994, the railway department has segmented the sections along the line. Some passenger trains use bagged garbage, and passengers are forbidden to throw garbage out of the window. Unlike before, the flight attendants directly swept the garbage out of the window, but unloaded the garbage bags at the station for centralized treatment. Nowadays, there are more and more trains using bagged garbage, and the phenomenon of throwing garbage outside the train at will is less and less. "White pollution" has been basically eliminated on both sides of the 29,000-kilometer line. Practice has proved that strengthening management is an effective means to prevent and control "white pollution".

Second, it is forbidden to use disposable plastic packaging materials that are difficult to degrade. Hangzhou is the first city in China to ban the use of disposable foamed tableware. Hangzhou September 5 1995 The Bureau of City Appearance and Environmental Sanitation, the Administration for Industry and Commerce and the Health Bureau jointly issued the Notice on Prohibiting the Use of Foamed Plastic Fast Food Boxes, which was published in Hangzhou Daily for three consecutive days. In the process of implementation, the management department found that some individual mobile vendors are still selling foamed plastic tableware. Recently, the Standing Committee of Hangzhou Municipal People's Congress passed the Regulations of Hangzhou Municipality on the Administration of Urban Appearance and Environmental Sanitation. Article 35 of the Regulations stipulates that it is forbidden to sell and use non-degradable disposable tableware made of foamed plastics. Offenders can be fined 500 ~ 5000 yuan. The Regulation will be implemented from1September 1997 15. Wuhan, Harbin, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo, Shantou and other cities have also promulgated relevant policies and regulations to prohibit the local use of disposable foam tableware. By taking the above measures, the harm of "white pollution" has been alleviated to some extent. However, from the results of practice, it is difficult to completely solve the problem of "white pollution" simply by banning it. All cities that have issued the ban require paper products or degradable plastic products to replace the original fire-resistant foam plastic products. However, substitutes cannot compete with ordinary plastic products in price and quality. Therefore, under the condition of market economy, it is very difficult to operate only by administrative orders without considering the adjustment of economic leverage.

Third, compulsory recycling. Clean waste plastic packaging can be reused, or used for granulation, oil refining, paint making, building materials and so on. Recycling conforms to the general principle of "reduction, recycling and harmlessness" in solid waste treatment. Recycling can not only avoid "visual pollution", but also solve "potential harm", relieve the pressure on resources, reduce the load of urban solid waste treatment, save land and achieve certain economic benefits. This is a good way to treat both the symptoms and the root causes. But recycling should be before the waste plastic packaging enters the garbage. It is not only time-consuming and laborious to re-sort waste plastic packaging from garbage dump, but also the utilization value of waste plastic is very low. Because the classified waste plastic products are too dirty, it is difficult to classify them by material, and the quality cannot be guaranteed. On the basis of investigation and study, Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau has determined the technical route of "recycling first, substitution second, differential treatment and comprehensive prevention". 1 June, 9971day, the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and the Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce jointly issued the Circular on the Recycling of Waste Plastic Dining Boxes, requiring units or individuals that produce and distribute disposable plastic tableware (including trays, bowls and cups) in Beijing to be responsible for recycling the waste tableware or entrust other units to recycle it. The circular also stipulates that the recovery rate of 1998 must reach 30%, that of 1999 is 50% and that of 2000 is 60%. After the announcement, the production and distribution units and individuals immediately went to the local environmental protection department to apply for registration and put forward their own recycling plans and specific safeguard measures. This is a breakthrough for Beijing to solve "white pollution". After achieving practical results, we will gradually increase the types and proportion of waste plastic products that are forcibly recycled, and finally eliminate "white pollution". Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau completed the feasibility investigation report of Tianjin's prevention and control of "white pollution" project, and put forward a set of prevention and control schemes, determined to achieve the purpose of saving resources and eliminating pollution through recycling. At present, the recycling plan, the operation chart of the pilot work and the progress outline of the pilot work are being formulated, and the Tianjin White Pollution Prevention and Control Industry Association is being prepared.

Technically, one is to use paper instead of plastic. The main component of paper is natural plant cellulose, which can be easily decomposed by microorganisms in the soil after being discarded, so it can solve the "potential harm" mentioned above, but it will also bring new environmental problems: first, papermaking needs a lot of wood, and China's forest resources are not rich; Secondly, the paper-making process will bring water pollution. In addition, paper products can't compete with plastic products in performance and cost. At present, China also has the practice of producing disposable tableware with sugarcane stalks and straws as raw materials, but it is still in the experimental stage.

The second is to use degradable plastics. A certain amount of additives (such as starch, modified starch or other cellulose, photosensitizer, biodegradable agent, etc. ) is added in the production process of plastic packaging products, which reduces the stability of plastic packaging products and is easier to degrade in the natural environment. At present, there are 19 companies in Beijing that develop or produce degradable plastics. Tests show that most degradable plastics begin to become thinner, lose weight, lose strength and gradually break after being exposed to the general environment for 3 months. If these fragments are buried in garbage or soil, the degradation effect is not obvious. The use of degradable plastics has four disadvantages: first, it consumes a lot of food; Second, the use of degradable plastic products still cannot completely eliminate "visual pollution"; Third, due to technical reasons, the use of degradable plastic products can not completely solve the "potential harm" to the environment; Fourthly, degradable plastics are difficult to recycle because they contain special additives.

I hope the landlord will adopt it! ! !