Cao Cao's order to seek sages

Since ancient times, he has been ordered to be (2) the king of ZTE, and he can't taste (3) the sage and gentleman who rules the world with him? He is very talented and has never left fairway 4. Are you lucky enough to meet him? People's ears on earth. No decision has been made today, and it is particularly urgent to seek talents. "Is zhao 6, is down, not vines and Dr Xue. "If you must be honest and then available, then why should Qi Huan rule the world? It rained today. Did Brown Huai Yu catch it? Did Wei Bin catch it? No money, no thieves, no sister-in-law and no ignorant people? My second son and my third son helped me clarify my ugliness. I only have talent and use it.

Word annotation

① Selected from Cao Cao Ji. 2 by mandate: that is, by destiny, referring to the founding of the country. (h6) Taste: No.1 place, congratulations. (4) Lu (l+) Lane: Lane. In ancient times, twenty-five households were a "lane", and the inner door was called "Lv". ⑤ Ears sought by the upper class: The upper class seeks him. People in the world: refers to the monarch. ⑥ Meng Gongzhuo is Zhao: Dr. Meng Gongzhuo of the State of Lu. It is more than enough to be a servant of Zhao and Wei, the ministers of the State of Jin, but not a doctor in a small country like Teng and Xue. If you must be honest and free, then why does Qi Huan dominate the world? Qi Huan is Qi Huangong. If it must be used by cheap people, how can Qi Huangong dominate the world? Today, whether he was caught by Brown Huai Yu in Weibin or not: being caught is the same as "wearing"; Brown coarse clothes worn by the poor in ancient times. North Huai Yu: It is a metaphor for people with low status and no real talent and learning. Fishing in Weibin: It is said that Jiang Ziya was fishing by the Weihe River when he was 80 years old, and Zhou Wenwang visited him. He was worshipped as the prime minister, and later he set out for the king of Wu, thus completing the great cause of rejuvenating the country. Pet-name ruby stole money from sister-in-law, which means that Wei Ignorance recommended Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu, as an adviser. Someone attacked her, saying that she was having an affair with her sister-in-law and taking bribes, but Liu Bang ignored it and still used it. ⑩?(z8) Humble: Narrow and humble, refers to the poor, humble and buried talents.

Poetry translation

Since ancient times, the monarchs of the founding of the People's Republic of China and ZTE did not get talented people to govern the country with him. When they get talents, they often don't go out of hutong. Is it accidental? Don't! It's just that the people in power are seriously asking for help! Today, the world is not yet stable, and this is the most urgent moment to visit talents. Cao Cao said, "I can be a minister of Zhao and Wei, but I don't think Teng and Xue are small doctors." If you must use so-called cheap taxis, how can Qi Huangong dominate the world? Isn't there anyone in the world who wears coarse clothes like Jiang Ziya and has real talent and learning to fish by the Weihe River? Haven't you been accused of "stealing money from your sister-in-law" and met someone as ignorant as Wei? You should help me find those talents who are buried in a low position and recommend them as long as they are talented, so that we can hire them.

In the fifteenth year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao issued the Order of Requisitioning Talents: "Zhao and Xue are specially used instead of Teng and Xue." If you can be honest and use it, why can Qi Huangong rule the world? It rained today. Did Brown and Huai Yu catch Weibin? Have you ever stolen money from your sister-in-law, or met an ignorant person? My second son and my third son help me to be smart and humble. My talents are unique, so I can use them. "

In the 19th year of Jian 'an, he issued a "short-term order for those who have a company": "Those who have a husband and an entrepreneur may not be able to enter, and those who are enterprising may not be able to succeed. Are Chen Ping and Su Qin loyal? And Chen pingding hanye, Su Qin weak Yan. From this point of view, scholars are short and mediocre talents can be abolished! "

The above two materials reflect Cao Cao's thought of employing people, that is, choosing materials instead of talents, or giving up morality instead of morality, which was obviously progressive and open in the great cause of reunifying the whole country at that time and in the society where hypocritical feudal morality prevailed, but this method of selecting people at that time is bound to have a serious negative impact now. This is because selecting talents is a matter of unity of opposites. Talents are very important, but people without virtue are terrible, which may not only destroy the social benefits generated by their talents, but also seriously and thoroughly harm the interests of others. However, at that time, under the situation that the princes competed for the Central Plains, it was very serious to fight for the interests of Boss Wang, so the moral requirements were not very high. Originally, in the process of competing for the world, they must use the blood and tears of most people to pave the way to the peak of power.

Through concrete analysis, it is not difficult to find that Cao Cao's selection strategy is still successful. In particular, his point of view-"Although a scholar is short, mediocrity can be abolished!" That is to say, talents have their limitations, which can be called talents here and can make great achievements, but they are poor in other places (the original text is: Zhao, especially good, not Teng and Xue Dafu. If you can be honest and then use it, then why does Qi Huangong dominate the world? )。 This is a simple idea of error correction. It also seems to contain the truth that talents are "absolutely relatively unified in time and space". Then he cited two famous "scum" in morality and "perfection" in intelligence to prove his point, that is, "I must take money from my wife without meeting an ignorant person?" "Chen Ping, Su Qin, do you keep your word? Cold nights with Chen Pingding, Su Weak Yan. " "meritocracy" had great practical significance at that time. It is an eventful autumn for the three countries to compete for hegemony throughout the country. Local governors who are interested in making their mark in the world have noticed the role of talents to varying degrees. Among them, the most famous is the classic of "three visits to the cottage", which also has the reputation of "barefoot welcoming scholars" by Cao Cao. However, in the eyes of many people, the strategies of Liu Bei, Sun Quan and others still depend on the original talent view to a great extent, failing to get rid of the shackles of feudal thought, and often adhering to the model of "moral success, artistic success". The evaluation of officials and talent standards is still based on vague and ambiguous "virtue", which has nurtured many people who study hard. Comparatively speaking, although Cao Cao's point of view is outrageous, he has made enough money.

It should be noted that the main factor of officialdom promotion in the late Eastern Han Dynasty was the prestige of aristocratic families. People who have read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms may still remember that Yuan Shao was elected as the commander when he crusaded against Dong Zhuo to form a legion, largely because three generations of officials in his family were all over the world, that is, he had many wings and was absolutely powerful. Since we are looking at the face of an aristocratic family, there is no need to say anything about talent. Virtue always exists, which is an extension of the virtue of our ancestors. At that time, taking "virtue and filial piety" as the evaluation standard of people, talents and officials encouraged the hypocrisy of "virtue", making talented people in the cold door become untouchables, unable to exert their fists and feet and difficult to promote social progress. This situation developed to the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Therefore, there are cowardly giants and cowards, as well as the most idle "secretary lang" and an "honest official" (with extremely rich salary, but basically little or no job. )

As a generation of adulterers, Cao Cao went to an extreme that was contrary to the general talent selection criteria at that time. It is undeniable that he made a good profit at that time, but it doesn't mean that there is no problem in it. "Income" was given by the social situation at that time, and he realized that "scholars are short-lived". The choice of excellent talents must be a collection of two advantages. Some modern war maniacs and criminals, who are talented but immoral, are extraordinary in any way. Mussolini and Hitler's extraordinary talents when they ascended the throne of power were disappointing. So far, a topic of communication studies is the propaganda of Nazi Germany. Although they are talented, they have not brought any positive benefits to society, but only chaos, cruelty and war. Of course, their appearance is inevitable in history, but if history is re-selected, those re-emerging war maniacs will have less talent, and maybe the world will have less disasters. In other words, the greater the talent, the greater the restraint and monitoring of a perfect system (including moral system), so the weakness of the restraint system will bring greater harm. World War II is an obvious example. At the same time, it should be pointed out that the disaster caused by virtue and incompetence is not much worse than the scourge. For example, the "new" court that appeared after Emperor Ping of the Western Han Dynasty is a disproof. At that time, Wang Mang gained unparalleled virtue by killing children and self-denial. Some people even compared it with Duke Zhou, but in the end they poisoned the emperor's children. However, he is a master without talent. When the crops failed, he would kneel and cry. The two soldiers actually got countless elephants and lions by quoting classics. It is said that this can attract heaven to cheer! Liu Xiu let a little flood, scaring away lions and elephants. When these animals escaped, they helped Liu Xiu step on countless loyalists. What ignorance and uselessness! As for the monetary reform, it is undoubtedly turning the past into the present, and the gains will inevitably harm the people. Finally, I was beheaded by a businessman and laughed at until now! Maybe Cao Cao wouldn't have such a result and situation.

Therefore, the existence of talents and virtues should not be regarded as the only criterion for judging and choosing, but should be viewed from the viewpoint of unity of opposites and contradictions. People with virtue should also be tested by virtue. If he has no good virtue, it is necessary to examine whether his position has a good and perfect restriction mechanism to restrain him, and if so, he can use it. People without talents are not talents, which is out of the scope of discussion.