Introduction to the Himalayas in detail

The Himalayas

The Himalayas are located on the borders of the Tibet Autonomous Region and Pakistan, India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and other countries. 200-300 kilometers long, it consists of several rows of roughly parallel mountains, in an arc-shaped shape protruding southward, and is its main trunk part in our country. With an average altitude of 6,000 meters, it is the most majestic mountain range in the world. There are 40 peaks above 7,000 meters above sea level and 11 peaks above 8,000 meters above sea level. These peaks are covered with ice and snow all year round. In Tibetan, "Himalaya" means "land of ice and snow". The main peak, Mount Everest, is 8844.43 meters above sea level, making it the world's highest peak.

The Himalayas can be roughly divided into three zones from south to north: the southern zone is the foothills and low mountain belt, with an altitude of about 700-1000 meters; the middle zone is the Lesser Himalayas, with an altitude of about 3500-4000 meters. ; The northern belt is the Great Himalayan belt, the main vein of the Himalayan mountain system. It is composed of many high mountain belts, about 50-60 kilometers wide, with an average altitude of more than 6,000 meters, and dozens of peaks with an altitude of more than 7,000 meters, including the world's The highest peak, Mount Everest. The peaks are covered with ice and snow all year round, presenting a silvery world.

The Himalayan Mountains are not symmetrical in terrain structure. The northern slope is gentle and the southern slope is steep. In the foothills of the northern slope is the lake basin zone of my country's Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The lakeside grass is rich and it is a good pasture. Most of the large rivers flowing to the Indian Ocean originate from the northern slopes, cutting through the Great Himalayas, forming a 3,000-4,000-meter-deep grand canyon. The rivers rush like waterfalls and contain huge hydraulic resources. The continuous peaks of the Himalayas block the moist air blowing from the Indian Ocean. Therefore, the southern slopes of the Himalayas receive abundant rainfall and have lush vegetation, while the northern slopes receive less rainfall and have sparse vegetation, creating a sharp contrast. As the height of the mountain increases, the natural sceneries in the alpine areas continue to change, forming obvious vertical natural zones.

The southern slope rises from a valley with an altitude of only more than 2,000 meters to a peak of more than 8,000 meters. The horizontal distance between the valleys is only a few dozen kilometers, but the natural scene changes rapidly: the lower areas are warm and humid, and evergreen broad-leaved forests grow. Lush and lush, it forms an evergreen broad-leaved forest belt; as the altitude increases, the temperature decreases, and the temperature-loving evergreen broad-leaved trees gradually decrease or even disappear, while the cold-resistant coniferous trees gradually increase, and above 2000 meters, it is a coniferous forest belt; further up, Insufficient heat makes it difficult for trees to grow. Shrubs replace forests, and shrub belts appear. Above 4,500 meters are alpine meadow belts; above 5,300 meters are alpine cold desert belts; and higher up are alpine permanent snow belts.

The climate on the north slope is dry and cold, with less precipitation, and the vertical distribution of the natural landscape is much less layered than on the south slope.

The formation of the Himalayas

According to geological surveys, as early as 2 billion years ago, the vast area of ????the Himalayas was a vast sea, called the ancient Mediterranean, which experienced the entire The long geological period lasted until the end of the Early Tertiary Period of the Cenozoic Era 30 million years ago. At that time, the general trend of crustal movement in this area was continuous decline. During the decline process, up to 30,000 layers of earth were accumulated in the ocean basin. Yu meters of marine sedimentary rock formations. By the end of the Early Tertiary Period, a strong orogenic movement occurred in the earth's crust, geologically known as the "Himalayan Movement", which gradually uplifted this area and formed the most majestic mountain range in the world. Geological surveys have proven that the tectonic movement in the Himalayas has not ended yet. Only after the Quaternary Ice Age, it rose another 1,300-1,500 meters. It is still rising slowly.

China is located in the southeast of the Eurasian plate and is sandwiched between the Indian plate and the Pacific plate. Since the Early Tertiary, various plates have collided with each other, which has had an important impact on the pattern and evolution of China's modern landforms. Since the Eocene, the Indian plate has subducted northward, generating strong north-south compression, causing the Tibetan Plateau to rapidly uplift and form the Himalayas. This tectonic movement is called the Himalayan Movement.

The Himalayan movement is divided into two phases: early and late. In the early Himalayan movement, there was a strong collision between the Indian plate and the Asian continent along the Brahmaputra Suture. The Himalayan geosyncline closed and folded into land, connecting the Indian continent and the Asian continent. At the same time, rifting occurred between eastern China and the Pacific plate, and the ocean basin subsided, causing the eastern edge of mainland China to enter the stage of marginal sea-island development. Of particular importance is the Late Himalayan movement that occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene. Under the interaction of the three major plates, the Eurasian Plate, the Pacific Plate, and the Indian Plate, strong differential lifting and lowering movements occurred, and the country's terrain experienced large-scale high and low differentiation. The intensity of differential motion changes from weak to strong from east to west. Due to the continuous expansion of the Indian Ocean, the rigid Indian plate is pushed toward the southern edge of the Asian continent along the Brahmaputra suture line, causing the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau to rise significantly. The Indian plate, which is subducting under the Eurasian plate at a small angle, continues to exert strong northward compressive force. In the north, it encounters the resistance of the rigid blocks with a long history of consolidation (Tarim, Sino-Korean, and Yangtze), resulting in a strong The reaction force highly concentrated the tectonic force, causing the overlapping of the earth's crust, the strengthening of the upper mantle material movement and the intensification of deep and surface tectonic movements, resulting in the rapid thickening of the earth's crust, prompting a large area of ????the earth's surface to rise sharply, thus forming a majestic The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau constitutes the first step of my country's terrain. The incomplete history of human climbing on Mount Everest. Climbing activities on Mount Everest began at the beginning of the 20th century. Since the 20th century, various countries have climbed Mount Everest as follows: 1. In 1921, the British mountaineering team (captain G. Hawadbari) climbed Mount Everest from Tibet, my country for the first time. They did not cross the top of the North Col and claimed to have reached it. The height was 6,985 meters, and since there was no success, they declared it a reconnaissance mountaineering exercise. 2. In 1922, the second British Mount Everest climbing team (captain Ji Bruce) still took the north slope route in Tibet, my country. They crossed the North Col, but when they reached a height of 8,225 meters, they died seven times. People fail. 3. In 1924, the third British Mount Everest climbing team (captain F. Norton) was still climbing from the north slope of Mount Everest in my country. When Norton and others reached 8,572 meters below the "second step" on the north slope, , forced to go down the mountain due to lack of oxygen, team members Mallory and Abin insisted on continuing to move forward and never returned. 4. In 1933, the British mountaineering team, consisting of 16 people (captain He Lutoliji), still used the northern slope route in Tibet, but it also failed. The team members Win Harris and Weigel When the two reached an altitude of 8,570 meters, they discovered the ice ax belonging to Mallory, a member of the British Everest climbing team in 1924, confirming that Mallory and the other two died near this height. 5. In 1934, the British M. Wilson used a light aircraft to climb alone. As a result, the plane was damaged near the Kongbu Glacier. Later, he froze to death on the Dongob Glacier. 6. In 1935, the British Mount Everest climbing team, consisting of seven people (captain E. Shipton), only reconnoitred the north slope of Mount Everest in Tibet, my country, at an altitude of 7,000 meters, that is, near the North Col. 7. In 1936, the British Mount Everest climbing team, composed of ten people (captain He Lutoliji), reached the top of the North Col at an altitude of 7,007 meters and then returned [Note: The top of the North Col used to be 7,007 meters] , in 1975, the Chinese mountaineering team calculated the exact height to be 7,050 meters through field measurements]. 8. In 1938, the British Mount Everest climbing team, consisting of seven people (captain G. Dillman), still climbed from the north slope of my country. After reaching an altitude of 8,290 meters, it failed. 9. In 1947, the first climb of Mount Everest after World War II was carried out by a Canadian named Le Dinman who hired some local mountain residents as porters. They still walked on the north slope of my country and did not exceed an altitude of 6,400 meters. meters in height, but finally failed and returned.

The above-mentioned nine attempts to climb Mount Everest were all conducted from the Tibet area in my country, and all failed. After 1950, China's Tibet region was liberated. Tibet, which is located in an important southwest border defense area, no longer allowed foreign mountaineering teams to conduct arbitrary mountaineering activities.

Since then, foreign mountaineering teams have climbed Mount Everest from the southern slopes of Nepal. 10. In 1950, a mountaineering team composed of Americans such as G. Houston and others made the first attempt to climb Mount Everest from the southern slopes of Nepal. They only reached the ice explosion area at an altitude of 6,100 meters on the Khonbu Glacier. , and returned. 11. In 1950, the British mountaineering team, consisting of five people (captain G. Dillman), claimed in advance to be a reconnaissance team climbing Mount Everest from the south slope. After arriving near the Kongbu Glacier at an altitude of 5,480 meters, return. 12. In 1951, the British mountaineering team, captained by E. Shipton, consisted of seven people. They only climbed a section of the Khonbu Glacier and returned near an altitude of 6,450 meters. 13. In 1951, a Danish man named K. Bega Larsson illegally crossed the border into Tibet. He planned to climb Mount Everest from the north slope, but he failed before even crossing the 6,500-meter altitude. 14. In May 1952, a ten-member Swiss mountaineering team led by captain Le Dittmar climbed Mount Everest from the southern slope of Nepal. Team member Le Lambier and their hired porter, Nepali Tensing, reached the altitude of After reaching a height of 8,540 meters, they failed due to bad weather, but they created a route from the south slope of Mount Everest to the summit. 15. In October 1952, the Swiss mountaineering team led by G. Chevalier climbed Mount Everest from the south slope for the first time in autumn, that is, after the rainy season in the Himalayas. Team member Le Lambier was a member of the Swiss team in the spring of the same year. who. Team member En Gillienfurter and Nepali Fujishin, who was hired in the spring, reached an altitude of 8,100 meters, but failed again due to bad weather. 16. In 1953, two members of the British mountaineering team (composed of ten people), led by captain John Hunter, reached the summit of Mount Everest. The team members who reached the summit were I. Hilary (New Zealander) and Tensin Norgay (the Nepalese who climbed the 8,000-meter mark twice with the Swiss mountaineering team in the spring and autumn of 1952). Team members Evans and Burgiran reached a height of 8,720 meters. The height of Mount Everest used by the British this time is 8,840 meters. 17. In 1956, the Swiss mountaineering team (captain Albert Eger) consisted of five people, including E. Schmitt, Y. Marmit, A. Leis, and G. Gonchin. In a large number of Nepalese With the support of porters and guides, they climbed Mount Everest in two groups on May 23. The route they used was opened by Swiss athletes in 1952 and was later used successfully by the British team. That is, from the Kongbu Glacier on the south slope of Mount Everest to the mountain col (commonly known as the South Col) between Mount Everest and its sister peak Luoze Peak (8,501 meters above sea level), and then climb to the top along the southeast ridge. The Everest elevation used is 8,848 meters. 18. In the early morning of May 25, 1960, the Chinese Mount Everest mountaineering team (commander-in-chief Han Fudong, captain Shi Zhanchun), led by assault team leader Wang Fuzhou, climbed the world's highest peak from the north slope of China for the first time. The three team members are Wang Fuzhou, Gongbu (Tibetan) and Qu Yinhua. Amid the anti-China clamor of the international imperialist revisionists at that time, and when three years of natural disasters and betrayal of faith unilaterally withdrew from the activities of Chinese and Soviet mountaineers *** climbing Mount Everest together, Chinese mountaineers this time climbed from the north slope. The victory of successfully climbing Mount Everest for the first time fully demonstrated the revolutionary heroic spirit of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and Chairman Mao.

In this mountaineering battle, 29 members of the Chinese mountaineering team climbed to a height of more than 8,100 meters on Mount Everest. In addition to the summit members, there were 13 members who climbed the mountain. At an altitude of 8,500 meters above sea level. This is also the first time in the history of world mountaineering. 19. In May 1960, when the Chinese mountaineering team was assaulting Mount Everest from the north slope, an Indian mountaineering team led by Indian Army Major Ji Singh was also climbing Mount Everest from the south slope of Nepal in Nepal. When they reached an altitude of 8,625 meters on the south slope, they announced that they could not move forward due to strong winds and gave up the summit attempt.

20. In 1962, India’s second Mount Everest mountaineering team, led by its captain, Lieutenant Colonel Jay Dias of the Indian Army, once again climbed Mount Everest from the southern slopes of Nepal, but failed again because of fear of strong winds. Two of the team members climbed to an altitude of 8,717 meters. 21. In 1963, the American Mount Everest climbing team (captain En Dillinfas) succeeded in climbing to the summit from the south slope of Mount Everest in Nepal along the southwest ridge. The American team conducted two assaults 21 days apart. The first time, two people climbed to the top on May 1, the second time, four people climbed to the top on May 22, and twice, six people climbed up. It is the fourth mountaineering team to climb Mount Everest. 22. In 1965, the Indian mountaineering team (the captain was Lieutenant Commander Mu Guoli of the Indian Navy) climbed four echelons from the southern slope of Nepal on May 20, 22, 24 and 29. Nine people have climbed to the top of Mount Everest four times. The captains, deputy captains and members of the mountaineering team are all selected from active service members of India. The route used is the old route used by the British and Swedish teams in the past. 23. In the spring of 1969, the Japanese mountaineering team carried out the first exploratory mountaineering from the south slope of Mount Everest. After reaching the Kongbu Glacier area at an altitude of 6,450 meters, some glacier and meteorological observers were left behind. They spent the whole time in the Mount Everest. He stayed for a year and made long-term observations on meteorology, glaciers, etc., which laid the necessary foundation for the Japanese team to officially climb Mount Everest in 1970. 24. In the autumn of 1969, the Japanese Mount Everest climbing team (captain Yoshihiro Fujita) attempted to capture Mount Everest from the south slope based on the mountaineering reconnaissance in the spring of that year. However, after they reached an altitude of 8,000 meters above sea level, they announced that " Returned after completing the autumn mountaineering reconnaissance mission. 25. In the spring of 1970, the Japanese Mount Everest mountaineering team was led by the 70-year-old captain Saburo Matsukata (this man was a veteran of the Japanese mountaineering community. Although he participated in this mountaineering, he spent all the time in the mountaineering activities at the base camp. He did not participate in the adaptive march nor the summit activities. His participation shows that the Japanese mountaineering community attaches great importance to this event), and he was divided into two groups to attack Mount Everest:

One The group climbed straight to the summit of Mount Everest along a very steep rock wall (also called a rock wall) that is 800 meters long from the south side of Mount Everest. This is a relatively difficult route chosen by the Japanese because it is 8,000 meters above sea level. Those who are above 10 meters dare to carry out "technical mountaineering", that is, climbing very steep rock walls. This is something that has not been done by mountaineering teams from other countries in the past. The other group still chose the traditional old route, which is the route to the summit from the south slope through the South Col along the southeast ridge.

The reason why the Japanese team was divided into two groups and dared to challenge the front rock wall of the southern slope of Mount Everest was inseparable from the world mountaineering trend at that time. Because climbing to the summit along the traditional route from the south slope and taking the path that others have taken is of little significance to the rapidly developing alpine mountaineering movement. The Japanese team's frontal summit route on the south slope failed as it was expected to rise about 150 meters (based on the vertical height of the slope). In the end, they had to rely on the second group's traditional route. On May 11 and 12, 1970, the team was divided into two echelon groups and four people successfully climbed to the summit via the traditional route. The summit team members were Matsuura Teruo, Uemura Naomi, Tairabayashi Katsumi and a Nepali porter. Chautari. 26. In the spring of 1971, the "International Everest Climbing Team", composed of mountaineers from 11 European countries including Britain, France, Italy, Austria, Switzerland and India, was led by Swiss mountaineer En Kilianfurter. Under the leadership of the group, we climbed to the summit along the southwest ridge route of the south slope of Mount Everest (note: basically the route of the 1963 American mountaineering team). Due to inconsistent steps from the beginning and great internal disagreements, it was declared a failure after the death of Indian team member Huguna in an avalanche. 27. In the spring of 1972, the "European Everest Mountaineering Team" was formed by mountaineers from eight European countries (Britain, France, Italy, Austria, West Germany, Switzerland, etc.) led by Siddiq Heilikaufer. , climbed to the summit from the south slope along the traditional route, and failed after reaching an altitude of 8,200 meters. 28. In the autumn of 1972 (September-November), the British military mountaineering team (Captain Bonington) climbed Mount Everest along the traditional route on the south slope. After establishing an assault camp at an altitude of 8,230 meters, they were forced to climb Mount Everest due to the deterioration of the climate. Declare failure.

29. In the spring of 1973 (February-May), the Italian military mountaineering team, led by Guido Monzino, the principal of the Italian Military Mountaineering School, formed a team including the Italian army, navy, air force, police force, customs personnel, medical, and A large Mount Everest mountaineering team of meteorological and other military scientific staff climbed to the summit of Mount Everest twice, on May 5 and May 7 of that year, with one group (four people) each time, and a total of eight people. . There are about 60 Italian soldiers in the whole team, which is the largest number of foreign mountaineering teams to climb in Nepal so far. They hired more than 300 Nepali porters and guides and mobilized a variety of transportation tools, including modern mountain transportation tools such as military helicopters and slope tractors.

The Italian military mountaineering team’s summit route originally had two plans. One was to climb to the summit along the southwest ridge (originally the route used by the American team in 1963), and the other was a backup plan, which was a safer route. , the traditional route to the southeast ridge summit. As a result, the first plan was blocked, and in the end, the backup plan was adopted to reach the top. 30. In the autumn of 1973, the Japanese Mount Everest mountaineering team (captain Shotaro Mizuno) entered Mount Everest in August of that year. The original attempt was to reach the summit from the south route of Mount Everest, which the Japanese team had failed to achieve in 1970. They had tried every means to improve their equipment beforehand. , such as oxygen equipment suitable for altitudes above 8,000 meters, but still failed to cross the large rock wall above 8,000 meters above sea level. As a result, they were forced to use a backup plan to climb to the summit along the traditional route of the southeast ridge through the South Col. Two team members, Hisashi Ishiguro and Yasuo Kato, reached the summit of Mount Everest on October 26. This is the first time in the history of Everest climbing that the climber has successfully reached the summit in autumn. 31. In the spring of 1974, the Spanish Mount Everest climbing team (captain Lorente Sugasa, a physiologist), consisting of sixteen people, used the traditional route on the south slope. On May 19, the commandos arrived at Camp 6 (8 , 600 meters), they failed due to strong winds that prevented them from moving forward. At that time, they were only 350 meters away from the summit of Mount Everest. 32. In the autumn of 1974, the French Mount Everest climbing team, captained by Devo Asson, the mayor of Chamonix (a small mountain town in the Alps), a famous French mountaineering and skiing city, consisted of ten Frenchmen and hired 390 Nepalese porters and guides chose the route of the 1963 American mountaineering team along the southwest ridge to reach the summit. One of the main purposes of this mountaineering is to test the physiological changes of the human body at high altitude. They specially made a remote-controlled electrocardiogram device for each summit team member, and prepared to conduct a systematic observation of all electrocardiograms of the athletes from the bottom of the mountain to the top. However, on the night of September 19, a large avalanche occurred near an altitude of 6,400 to 6,900 meters, killing the team leader and five Nepali porters, and the entire team's mountaineering activities failed. 33. In the spring of 1975, a Japanese women’s Mount Everest mountaineering team composed of fifteen Japanese women (team leader Nagano Hideko), accompanied by a Japanese male reporter, reached an altitude of 5,350 meters on the south slope of Mount Everest on March 16. A base camp was established at a high altitude. Vice-captain Junko Tabei (36 years old) climbed to the summit of Mount Everest along the traditional route on the south slope at 12:30 noon local time on May 16, 1975, together with Nepali guide An Zelin (27 years old), and stopped for the first time. 25 minutes.

The Japanese women’s team encountered greater difficulties in this mountaineering.

They set out from Japan to the base camp at the foot of the mountain and lost a lot of equipment and food; on the night of May 3rd and 4th, another large avalanche suddenly occurred at the camp at an altitude of 6,450 meters. Seven female team members and 23 The Nepali guide was hit by an avalanche. The entire 6,450-meter camp was engulfed by the avalanche. The situation was very dangerous. However, after receiving timely rescue, all the people in distress escaped. Junko Tabei was also one of the team members buried by the avalanche. She was boarding the After the summit, he said, "I will never do activities like mountain climbing again!" 34. In 1975, the Chinese Mount Everest Mountaineering Team (Party Secretary Wang Fuzhou, Captain Shi Zhanchun) consisted of Han, Tibetan, Hui, Mongolian, Korean, Turkish, and Ewenki It consists of team members from seven fraternal ethnic groups, with a total of 434 people, including 179 athletes, including 36 female athletes, and the remaining 255 people are scientific expedition, meteorological, communication, news, medical, transportation, cooking and other logistics personnel. The vast majority of members come from workers, peasants and soldiers.

The whole team entered the mountains in early March and withdrew from the camp in early June. After many marches (the first three were adaptive marches, and the last two were peak assaults), at 2:30 pm Beijing time on May 27, 1975, the female team member Pan Duo and eight male team members Sonam Norbu and Luo Ze , Hou Shengfu, Sangzhu, Dapingcuo, Gongga Pasang, Tsering Dorje, and Abuqin. After the Chinese mountaineering team Wang Fuzhou, Gonpot, and Qu Yinhua climbed Mount Everest from the north slope for the first time in 1960, they climbed Mount Everest from the north slope again. The highest point on earth.

The large number of people who collectively climbed to the top this time and the great scientific results achieved are unprecedented in the history of world mountaineering. Since then, more and more Chinese have climbed to the top of Mount Everest. China's progress and strength have gradually made Chinese climbers one of the leading forces in the world's Everest mountaineering movement. 35. At 6 pm Nepal time on September 24, 1975, two members of the British mountaineering team, Heston (32 years old) and Scott (33 years old), climbed Mount Everest from the south slope of Mount Everest. .

The route of the British team was determined by the Japanese team during reconnaissance in 1969. However, in 1970 and 1973, the Japanese team climbed along this line twice, both at 8,500 meters to 8,150 meters. The climb failed on the steep rock wall on the south slope of Mount Everest. Later, the international mountaineering team, the European selection team and the British team successively climbed Mount Everest along this line and also failed. This is the fourth successful route so far and the shortest of the four. It is characterized by a long rocky cliff with an average slope of 75 degrees at an altitude of more than 8,000 meters. The British used special oxygen equipment and conducted specialized alpine rock climbing training to achieve success.

According to foreign reports, it took the British team thirty-three days to climb Mount Everest from establishing base camp to successfully climbing to the summit. This is the eleventh time in 22 years that they have climbed Mount Everest. The team with the shortest time in the activity shows that it has done relatively smoothly in organizing transportation and grasping the weather timing. The British team consists of eighteen athletes, captained by Bonington. During the assault on the summit, team member Zhu Buerke died. According to the British team's announcement, the total cost of this mountain climbing is US$250,000.

In the spring and autumn of 1975, three mountaineering teams successfully climbed Mount Everest from three different routes. This was unprecedented in the history of Everest climbing. 36. In 1988, mountaineers from China, Japan and Nepal joined hands to challenge Mount Everest. They joined the summit from the north and south sides and successfully crossed Mount Everest in both directions. Three Chinese team members successfully crossed Mount Everest, and one person reached the summit. Tsering Dorje created the Set a world record of staying at the summit without oxygen for 99 minutes. 37. In 1990, climbers from China, the Soviet Union and the United States gathered on Mount Everest in the name of peace, showing their peace-loving aspirations to the world. Seven Tibetan team members from China reached the top of the mountain one after another. 38. In 1993, six mountaineers from both sides of the Taiwan Strait climbed Mount Everest together for the first time, writing a wonderful page in history. Wu Jinxiong became the first Taiwanese compatriot to climb Mount Everest. 39. In 1996 and 1997, China successively carried out joint climbing activities with Slovakia and Pakistan. Four Tibetan team members reached the summit. Among them, Ciluo became the first Chinese college student to climb Mount Everest. Da Qimi, Kai Cun became a man who climbed Mount Everest twice.

40. On May 27, 1999, all 10 Tibetan members of the Tibetan Mountaineering Team climbed Mount Everest at once and collected the sacred flame of the Sixth National Ethnic Minority Traditional Sports Games at the summit of 8848.13 meters. This is a feat full of wisdom and imagination, and a testimony to the confidence of 1.2 billion Chinese people heading into the new century. Guisang became the first woman in the world to climb Mount Everest twice from the north slope, and Renna and Jiji became the first couple in China to climb Mount Everest at the same time. 41. The history of Chinese people climbing Mount Everest is not just for professional team members. In recent years, amateurs have continued to challenge Mount Everest. In 2000, Yan Genghua, the Heilongjiang warrior who was China's first civilian solo challenger on Mount Everest, reached the summit on May 21, but unfortunately died on the way down.

In 2002, another warrior, Wang Tianhan, finally succeeded in challenging Mount Everest alone.

In 2003, 14 Chinese members of the China-South Korea Joint Mountaineering Team and the 2003 China Everest Mountaineering Team successfully climbed Mount Everest on May 21 and 22 respectively. They are Xiao Qimi, Pubhu Zhuoga (female), Cangmula (female), Nyima Tsering, Liang Qun (female), Chen Junchi, Ngawang, Pubhu Dundup, Tashi Tsering, Wangdui, Jala, Luo Shen, Wang Shi, and Liu Jian.

As of May 2003, in the past 43 years, Chinese athletes have reached the "Top of the Earth" 14 times, and 61 people have left their footprints on the Top of the Earth. At the same time, among the many climbers who climbed Mount Everest, many warriors were buried in the white world of Mount Everest, and some were left with lifelong disabilities. The history of Chinese people climbing Mount Everest is an evocative history of successive successes and continuous victories. From March 20 to June 20, 2005, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping will once again conduct a comprehensive scientific investigation of the Mount Everest area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. They will also join forces with Chinese female mountaineering team members to climb to the top of Mount Everest, using radar and GPS. The positioning method re-measures the height.