How open were women in the Tang Dynasty? Now ordinary maids are sexier than Hollywood actresses!

In the long river of China's feudal era, women born in the Tang Dynasty were undoubtedly the happiest, because they got rid of the female precepts of their predecessors to some extent, because they had the great Tang bearing of swallowing mountains and rivers. In short, the opening of women in the Tang Dynasty can be investigated from three aspects: dress, social interaction and marriage.

Openness of dress: The nobler a woman is, the more exposed she is.

Women's clothing in the Tang Dynasty is not as exposed as some film and television works give people the impression, but has undergone some development and changes: in the early Tang Dynasty, women's clothing showed a trend of wearing men's clothing, and the tendency of women's masculinity was obvious; However, in the Tang dynasty, which gradually declined from the prosperous age, women's clothing turned to fashion, exposure and fullness, and the feminization tendency was extremely obvious.

In terms of clothing, the opening of women in the Tang Dynasty is really unimaginable. At today's Oscar ceremony, the Hollywood actresses wearing so-called sexy evening dresses are not as beautiful as the ladies-in-waiting wearing Gao Zubei and bare breasts in the mural of Princess Yongtai's tomb. In other words, as early as the mid-Tang Dynasty, women in China created a fashion comparable to Hollywood, which was beautiful, open and full of competition.

In the Tang Dynasty, women's bare breasts were not only beautiful, but also noble. "Usually, the more tops a woman wears. "(Ji Sun's" On Ancient Chinese Costume ")

So, to what extent were women's breasts exposed in the Tang Dynasty? According to historical records, the topless dresses of women in the Tang Dynasty, which evolved from traditional costumes, not only exposed the neck completely, but also made the chest Shimada Hanzo. Many poems left by poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as "chest is like snow, face is like a flower", "snow occupies chest for a long time" and "powder chest is doubtful about clearing snow", are all true descriptions of this exposure. From the paintings of ladies at that time, we can also see that the low-cut dresses and tube-top dresses that women often wear are very elegant and loose, pursuing the elegant feeling of Wu Dai and advocating the free development and vitality of the body, which is also in line with the aesthetic standard of "taking fat as beauty" in the Tang Dynasty.

Of course, that kind of dress is limited to aristocratic women, and ordinary women are still relatively conservative. This is somewhat similar to modern times. At least low-cut and backless clothes are too expensive. It is estimated that ordinary women can't bear the beauty and nobility on their chests.

Social opening: Freedom is a game.

In the Tang Dynasty, women's social life was very rich. They completely subverted the traditions of women in past dynasties, such as smiling without showing their teeth and standing behind the door without showing their faces. They can take part in various sports and recreational activities, such as horse riding, batting, tug-of-war, cuju and archery. More importantly, they are free to show their faces and go out to play.

They can "ride horses through the saddle at midnight in the first month and pay in the garden or country as a feast to explore spring." Every spring, you can walk with men in the spring. When you meet famous flowers, you can borrow grass from a mat and hang it with a red skirt as a feast.

They are also free to go to the streets in groups to see the lights. A poet said: "Flowers are better than swimming, and empty lanes are the most romantic." "On March 3, the weather was fresh, and many beautiful women were walking by the Chang 'an River."

The boundaries between men and women in the Tang Dynasty were not so strict, and the concepts of giving and receiving and not being intimate between men and women were not as strong as those in later generations. They can "build a shed for the summer" with men, hand over banquets, get to know men openly or alone, and even play at the same table, drink and give each other poems to avoid suspicion.

Bai Juyi's Pipa Journey describes a businesswoman who receives a group of strange male guests aboard the ship when her husband is out in the middle of the night, talks with them at the same table and plays the pipa.

The third sister, Mrs. Guo, is related to Yang, who has been in contact day and night and even complained to the court.

As for princesses and Taoist women, their contacts are more extensive and free.

Beautiful and talented, Yu decided to change her lifestyle after experiencing setbacks in love and marriage. After she moved into the Taoist temple, she posted a notice in front of the door: "I have more poems to teach." This obviously means looking for talented people to discuss poetry. In fact, it means: about? Soon, the Taoist temple was crowded with people. When all the men in the world are complacent about sleeping with each other, in their hearts, she is a prostitute.

The opening of marriage: the concept of chastity is getting rougher and rougher

In the Tang Dynasty, women's marriage and love were more free and indulgent. Their concept of chastity is extremely weak, they dare to pursue love actively, and they can freely express their feelings and choose their spouses. Among them, some unmarried women have good personal relationships, and some married women have found other lovers.

Cai Chao is from Dali. She has been in love with her neighbor scholar Mao Wen since she was a child, and she is "about a couple". When she grows up, she often uses poetry to reason and make use of it. When Cai Chao's mother learned about this, she promised to marry her daughter to Mao Wen.

Cui Yingying and Zhang Wang in The Legend of Yingying, Qian Niang and her cousin in Ghost Story are good friends. Bai Juyi's Silver Bottle at the Bottom of the Well is still a story about a young woman eloping. Bu married Wu and had an affair with a handsome neighbor. Hong Fu's elopement with Jing Li in Ghost Story, Hong Kong prostitute's elopement with Cui Sheng, Weaver's affair with Guo Han in Ghost Story, and Wang and his wife's affair with Zhang Wu in Biography of Li are all free and bold love.

There are many Toy Boy in Wu Zetian, which is quite a lot in history. It is hard to imagine that many empresses, princesses and ladies in the Tang Dynasty had lovers, and some even teased their lovers in front of their husbands.

Tang Gaozu, Yin Defai and Prince Li have an ambiguous relationship. After Zhongzong Wei, Shangguan * * * had an affair with Wu Sansi. After Wei, there were Ma and Yang, and even she flirted with the minister in front of Zhongzong.

The same is true for princesses, who often have a group of Toy Boy around them. Levin, Xiangyang, Taiping and Princess Anle are all like this. Princess Xiangyang rushed to her lover's house to meet her mother. It can be seen how indulgent women's marriage and love were at that time.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was also common for women to divorce and remarry. Some people even ask their husbands to leave their books and abandon their husbands for their lovers. They think remarriage is the same as a woman's first marriage. Naturally, there is no concept of family style humiliation and dishonor.

"Tai Ping Guang Ji" contains: Li Fengnian, an imperial envoy in the temple, was at odds with his wife, who "went there" and demanded a divorce. The younger sister of soldier Cha, whose first husband was Yuan, died shortly after marriage. She took a fancy to Li Fengnian and finally married him. As can be seen from the article, Li Fengnian's ex-wife left and Li Zha's sister remarried, which is very simple to handle.

According to the biography of Princess in the New Tang Dynasty, there were 98 famous princesses from Gaozu to Su Zongchao. Among them, unmarried people 12, 59 married for the first time, 24 married for the second time and 3 married for the third time. In other words, nearly one third of the princesses before Su Zong were married twice and three times. According to the remarriage rate of these princesses, I don't know how many women divorced and remarried during the whole 300 years of the Tang Dynasty or the early and middle period of the Su Zongchao.

From this point of view, women in the Tang Dynasty were indeed an open generation of women. They lived in ancient times, but were less bound by feudal ethics. They have their own relative living space. They dare to love, hate, anger and curse. In the Tang Dynasty, they showed their unique style and were the luckiest women in ancient times. (Lao Wang doesn't sell melons)