[Developing School-based Curriculum to Realize Characteristic Development] A Case Study of Characteristic School-based Curriculum Development

in the course reform, teachers in our school have compiled and implemented school-based courses according to the educational objectives formulated by the state and based on the analysis of the internal and external environment of our school, aiming at the reality of the school, grade or class, thus stepping out of the course mode of independent management, development, design and implementation of the school, and making the school have distinctive school-running characteristics.

Summarize and review the history of school-based curriculum construction, and make clear the direction of school-based curriculum

1. Information technology school-based curriculum construction, from generation to generation. Since 1982, the school has started to offer microcomputer courses for the fifth grade with 8 COMX's. In 1986, the provincial museum awarded the PC661, and the courseware developed by this method passed the provincial appraisal and won favorable comments by participating in the national exhibition. In 1993, multimedia computer rooms such as PC-486 and 586 were built one after another, and teachers developed school-based courses integrating computer operation, drawing and LOGO language, which were popularized and used in the whole province. In 1996, a modern experimental class was set up, and microcomputer courses were offered from grade one to the whole school in 2. A school-based computer curriculum system was established, and students' information technology literacy and ability were generally improved. Then websites such as "National Moral Education Network", "Jilin Education Information Network" and "Rime Education and Teaching Network" were successively built. School-based curriculum practice has created a large number of well-known information technology backbones in provinces and cities, and seized the commanding heights of modern education. The national information technology on-site meeting was held in our school, which popularized the school's experience.

2. The primary school sports basketball course has experienced vicissitudes for 3 years. It has been nearly 3 years since the school established the basketball activity course at the end of 1981. It has adhered to the principle of combining popularization and improvement, carried out the experiment of basketball entering the classroom, experienced the development from "competitive basketball" to "happy basketball and enjoying basketball", and finally accumulated into the unique basketball culture of the school. The team participated in the national competition every year and achieved good results. The school required each person to play a ball, and physical education class increased the basketball content, which not only enabled students to develop a good basketball culture.

3. Social practice course, keep pace with the times. Our school has fully tapped all kinds of educational resources to broaden students' horizons. From the early search for the growth footprint of Sun Guizhi Martyr, an outstanding graduate of the school, to the construction of the green experience base of Yandamu School, it has witnessed the history of the development of the school's social practice curriculum. Adhere to the green experience activities, walk into Fengdian Museum, Chunguang Dairy, visit deer farms and vegetable greenhouses, and build green websites, so that students can exercise and grow in practice. Our school carried out a series of activities such as protecting wild ducks in Songhua River, which attracted the attention of CCTV and made a special report.

since the implementation of the new curriculum, our school has inherited the concept of "building a modern school and laying the foundation for a happy life". The goal of "training modern China people facing the world" was put forward. Under the guidance of the core value goal, the majority of teachers have determined the goal of school-based curriculum development, that is, to build a school-based curriculum system to provide strong support for the implementation of national and local curriculum; Through the development of school-based curriculum, we can form school characteristics and promote the development of teachers and students; Form an effective school-based curriculum development operation strategy and management and evaluation strategy.

Improve the content of school-based curriculum development and determine the strategy of school-based curriculum implementation

1. Highlight nationality, offer classic series of courses and build students' Chinese roots

The 5,-year history of Chinese civilization is an inexhaustible vivid textbook, and it is the unshirkable responsibility of the school to cultivate modern China people facing the world, cast their national souls and take root in China. Our school has developed a series of textbooks "Classic Accumulation and Reading", and implemented the classic grading system, so that students can find their roots in the classics of Chinese studies through morning reading classes and reading classes. Let students indulge in pen, ink, paper and inkstone through calligraphy and writing classes; Through paper-cutting class and Go class, students can understand the charm at their fingertips and play chess. Through luban lock and nine-sided ring, students can enlighten their wisdom in classical educational toys; Through bamboo flute, cucurbit flute and other courses, students can cultivate their temperament in bamboo and silk wind music.

2. Reflect modernity, deepen science and technology courses, and cultivate students' innovative spirit

Modern education is based on English, and schools introduce modern reading methods into English classes to improve students' English ability and lay an international foundation for students. At the age of 5, students go to the computer and study online at the age of 8. Two thematic information technology courses every week from preschool to sixth grade have mastered modern means for students to learn and explore the world. In the school-based curriculum of "Electronic Pendulum" in grade five, each student has a box of hundreds of electronic components, and students can put together hundreds of electronic circuits to realize personalized inquiry and cultivate students' scientific spirit. The computer robot course for senior students strengthens students' hands-on operation ability and enlightens intelligent social education. Teacher Ju Ming trained students' innovative spirit and practical ability in the first Chinese-made Lego CAD software and the Space Docking Simulation System developed by students. In recent years, our students have won more than 3 awards by participating in computer robot competitions at all levels. Several contents of modern science and technology courses interact to create innovative talents, and then solve Qian Xuesen's question, "When can China cultivate innovative outstanding talents urgently needed to build an innovative country?" The last question.

3. Pay attention to integration, develop comprehensive practical courses, and cultivate students' practical ability

The school put forward a comprehensive practical activity course development model of "integrating disciplines and activities". Enjoy the theme and expand the length of curriculum resources; Diversified contents increase the thickness of curriculum resources; Discipline integration, expanding the width of curriculum resources.

(1) enjoy the theme. Share the course content of the same theme in different classes and even different grades. For example, after the promulgation of the emergency "plastic restriction order", students went to the society to conduct thematic investigations, make thematic tabloids, and make thematic reports, which enhanced their awareness of environmental protection. Another example is: "I love you, Songhua River" in the lower grades around the theme of "Songhua River"; Middle-aged "Yesterday and Today of Songhua River"; The senior "Songhua River ―― My Mother River" explores the relationship between Songhua River and hometown environment, economic development, protection and management measures from different angles, and students are educated in the research.

(2) The content is diversified. In the development of comprehensive practical curriculum resources, we should develop and utilize them from different angles. We have set up a series of social practice courses: going into the factory to understand modern enterprise technology and management; Walking into the countryside, I realized the true meaning of "sweat dripping down the soil"; Walk into the community and feel the changes that modern science and technology have brought to people's lives and work; Walking into nature, fully embodies the friendship and harmony between man and animals and nature; Enter the military camp, learn about national defense knowledge and establish national defense awareness. This school-based curriculum takes the ecological resources of the community as the core content of integration, organically links classroom teaching with extracurricular activities, and enables students to obtain all-round development of knowledge, emotion, will and action.

(3) subject integration. It is a curriculum integration based on subject knowledge. For example, recognizing the names of insects in Chinese class, looking up insect data in computer class, counting the number of insects in math class, observing insects in science class, etc., this discipline integration of the same content has realized the maximization of educational benefits.

4. Give full play to autonomy, debug subject courses, and realize students' personalized development

Curriculum adjustment is the school-based treatment of curriculum standards and approved textbooks promulgated by the state at the school implementation level, which permeates all aspects of teaching, including the adjustment of teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching methods and teaching evaluation. For example, the adjustment of activity curriculum, because modern schools should establish a diverse and flexible curriculum system, so that every student has the possibility to choose the curriculum, so that they can get better development. To this end, we set up prescribed activity classes, such as class and team activities, opening ceremony, flag raising, art festival, reading festival, sports meeting and so on. Self-study activity courses include more than 4 self-study courses such as interesting composition, thinking training, calligraphy, fine arts, vocal music, dance, chorus, chess, pottery bar, basketball and table tennis, so as to broaden students' horizons, cultivate their temperament, increase their knowledge and develop their personality.

5. Reflect cohesion, develop young cohesion curriculum, and lay the foundation for children's lifelong development

Early childhood enlightenment education lays the foundation for people's lifelong development. Children enter the park at the age of 2, and young cohesion develops in the second experiment for 1 years, which is a heavy responsibility for educating people. In the seven years since the establishment of the park, we have considered the curriculum objectives of the two stages of childhood together, and connected them in terms of objectives, habits, environment, methods and personnel according to the development level of children, reflecting hierarchy and flexibility, so that children can gradually adapt to the transition from kindergarten to primary school. In the content, we will carry out the research on the connection of brand projects such as Chinese studies, English, IBM computer projects, Montessori, Orff music and sensory integration. Teachers' all-round brand service, expert management and kindergarten-based training have created a group of brand teachers. The quality and benefit of running the park have been significantly improved, which has been widely recognized by the society. There are 53 children now, which has achieved a historic breakthrough in our school.

6. Reflect infectivity, design hidden school-based curriculum, and subtly influence students

Students are edified in elegant campus environment curriculum. Construct a garden-like and humanized campus environment. Leisure stools, architectural sketches and rockery pools on campus enhance the sense of movement and make them full of spirituality, so that teachers and students can feel a quiet, natural and harmonious life on modern campus. Students experience teachers' love and responsibility in caring. Strengthen the construction of teachers' morality and teachers' ability, give a team speech on teachers' morality, talk about good people and good deeds around us in the moral construction section at the weekly meeting, select typical teachers' morality, hold a report meeting on teachers' morality deeds, and give full play to the leading and driving role of typical teachers. Through such activities as topic publication, teaching report, basic skills competition, passing textbooks and cultural breakfast, the comprehensive quality of teachers in teaching and educating people has been improved. Unconsciously, students' behaviors and habits change, which is the infiltration charm of the school's hidden school-based curriculum culture education, so that students can experience in happiness and grow up in the education of "moistening things quietly".

Summary and reflection, experience and reflection on school-based curriculum development and practice

Through years of practice in school-based curriculum development and construction, a school-based curriculum system with modern school characteristics has been initially formed, teachers' curriculum awareness and curriculum ability have been greatly enhanced, and an effective school-based curriculum development mechanism has been established, which has promoted the development of students and won the recognition of parents, and improved the school-running taste and level.

In terms of curriculum management system, there is not enough room for school-based development. At present, some contents are not really school-based curriculum. Further clarification of several relations in the development of school-based curriculum will help us correct the deviation phenomenon in the development and implementation of school-based curriculum.

First, school-based curriculum development does not mean compiling school-based textbooks. School-based curriculum development is more important in the whole process of development and the development of teachers and students in development and practice, not just the specific curriculum materials; Second, the development concept emphasizes the characteristics of running a school and ignores the development of students' personality. Quality and characteristics are the life of the harmonious development of the school, and the development of school-based curriculum is to create the characteristics and brand of the school. School-based curriculum is a kind of "optional curriculum". Through school-based curriculum, students can pay attention to society, school, family and self, and give full play to each student's personality and specialty as much as possible. Compared with the national curriculum, the school-based curriculum lies in strengthening rather than complementing each other; Third, the development of disciplines focuses on subject design and ignores comprehensive practical activities. In the development of school-based curriculum, we try our best to use and develop the existing resources inside and outside the school, carry forward the tradition of the school, and better reflect the comprehensiveness of school-based curriculum; Fourth, teachers' teaching is emphasized in presentation mode, while students' learning style is ignored. Changing the learning style is the breakthrough of the new curriculum reform. The diversity of school-based courses requires us to actively adopt a variety of teaching methods and learning methods.

The characteristic curriculum of school-based curriculum requires principals and teachers to calm down and think about such a question: "What else do my students need?" "How can we meet the needs of different students and fill the gap in the lack of courses?" "In which direction can our school develop to be distinctive?" Practice has proved that only by creating brand effect can we develop our own characteristics and carry forward our own school culture. The development of school-based curriculum focuses on the differences and characteristics of schools, and only through the implementation of school-based curriculum can the characteristics of schools be strengthened.

(Author: Jilin No.2 Experimental Primary School)