Crown gift is a kind of ancient gift. It's a rite of passage for Han men. The rite of passage originated in primitive society, which means that young men and women are mature enough to get married and take part in various activities as an adult of the clan. The rite of passage (also known as the rite of passage) can only be recognized if the clan elders hold certain ceremonies for young adults according to tradition. The coming-of-age ceremony of Huaxia nationality is a crown ceremony for men and a gift for women. According to the book, it was implemented in the Zhou Dynasty. According to the weekly system, a man is crowned at the age of twenty, but in order to take charge of state affairs as soon as possible, the emperor of heaven salutes earlier. Legend has it that Zhou Wen was crowned at the age of 52 and became a king at the age of 15. The ancient coronation ceremony was held in the ancestral temple in February. Within ten days before the coronation, the recipient should first augur an auspicious day. If there is no auspicious day within ten days, the auspicious day for the next ten days will be chosen. Then inform relatives and friends of the auspicious day. And three days before the coronation ceremony, the distinguished guest who presided over the coronation ceremony was selected by the method of swearing, and a "crown praise" was selected to assist the coronation ceremony. When saluting, the host (usually the father of the recipient), the distinguished guests and the recipient all wear formal dresses. First, add a cloth crown, then give it a leather coat, and finally give it a knighthood. Every time after the coronation, the distinguished guests read the congratulatory message to the recipients. The general idea of the congratulatory message is: on this beautiful and auspicious day, I will add adult clothes to you; Please give up the ambition of your children and cultivate the sentiment of adults; Maintain dignity and cultivate virtue; I wish you a long life and great fortune. Then, the recipient visits his mother. Then the distinguished guest picked up the words for him. In the Zhou Dynasty, the words were usually called "Bo Moufu" (Bo, Zhong, Shu and Ji, depending on the ranking). Then the host sent the distinguished guest outside the temple gate to make a toast. At the same time, he was rewarded with a bundle of silks and skins (five silks and two deerskins), and then presented the meat. Those who received the crown changed their hats and dresses to visit the monarch, and held a ceremonial reed (pheasant, etc.) to visit the township doctor, etc. If the father is dead, the recipient of the crown should make a sacrifice to his father to show that the crown ceremony will be completed before his father. After the sacrifice, visit uncle and uncle, and then have a meal. This ceremony of conferring a crown, choosing a word and meeting the monarch has changed from time to time and from place to place in later generations. It is held among the people from the age of fifteen to twenty, and varies from place to place. After the mid-Qing dynasty, it was mostly held a few days or the day before marriage. In some areas, since the Song Dynasty, the ceremony was simple, and guests were not entertained, but only in their own homes or within their own scope. "Yili. Shi Guanli" Jia Gongyan Shu: "The princes are twelve and crowned. If the son of heaven is the same as the princes, he will be crowned at the age of twelve ... "Da Dai Li" says, "Wen Wang was born in Boyi", and "Zuo Zhuan" says, "When you are crowned, you will have children, and you will be honored." "And" Yili. Stewardship Ceremony ":"First add (crown) to wish:' Make the month auspicious, and then take the Canadian dollar, abandon the young words, and be virtuous. Life is only a test of qi, and it is a blessing to introduce you. " He added,' Ji Yue's order is a sign of Shener's obedience, respect for your dignity and Shu Shener's virtue. Long live your eyebrows, and you will be blessed forever. " Sanjia said:' By the age of the year, by the order of the month. Xian Jia er fu. When brothers are present, they can become virtuous, and Huang Lao has no boundaries and is celebrated by heaven. " "Song Zhuxi's Zhuzi Language Class" Volume 89: "[Crown ceremony] is a matter of one's own house, so how difficult is it? How difficult is it to put the scarf crown on your children after closing the door? "
Gifts are also a kind of ancient gifts. It's a rite of passage for Han women. Commonly known as "superior" and "superior ceremony". It's a hairpin. Since the Zhou Dynasty, it has been stipulated that aristocratic women should pay tribute before getting married after their engagement. Generally, it is held at the age of fifteen. If you have been waiting to marry an unmarried person, you can also give a gift at the age of twenty. To accept the gift is to change the hairstyle of childhood, make the hair into a bun, then wrap the bun with a piece of black cloth, and then insert the bun with a hairpin. The hostess is the female parent, and the invited female guest is the girl's gift, which means that a woman can get married when she is an adult. Aristocratic women usually receive adult education in the public palace or imperial clan, and are endowed with "women's virtue, women's appearance, women's merits and women's words", which are the skills that a daughter-in-law must have to treat people, serve her aunts and uncles, and work with women. Later, it was changed from the girl's mother to apply for precepts and teach them with courtesy, which was called "teaching tea". When a woman is fifteen years old, she is called "peace". "The Wedding of Ceremony and Scholar": "When a woman promises to marry, she will do it with ceremony, which is called the word." "Book of Rites. Internal Rules" "Women ...... ten years old."