2014 Curriculum Standard National Chinese Paper Classical Chinese

1. 2014 National Standard Paper 1 Chinese Answers

2014 National College Entrance Examination Chinese Test Paper New Curriculum Standard National Paper 1 Answers Chinese Answers 1.B2.C3.D4.C5.D6.A7. Answer: Dayu and Shang Tang blamed themselves, but they were able to flourish. A moral king never forgets to correct his mistakes. I am deeply congratulated. Answer: But he is close to the talented, condescending to hand over the scholars, and recommend the younger generations, even though he is senior. , there is no look of tiredness at all. 8. Answer: It sets the emotional tone of the poem. The spring breeze blows the rain, and the ground is filled with red. The beginning of the poem gives people a sense of suppression and depression; next, although the wind and rain have stopped, the red color is The sun has already set in the west, and the desolate atmosphere has not been lifted, but has been cast into a bleak twilight. 9. Answer: The last two sentences express the character's confused thoughts and unresolved sadness. It is through the character's own emotions. It is expressed through movements. He turns around to tidy up the remaining chess pieces and wants to continue playing, so as to divert his sadness, but because of his worries, he is hesitant and moves slowly. 10. He takes a long breath to cover his tears, lamenting the difficulties of the people's life and the yellow crane cannot fly yet. However, the ape sheds tears when it wants to overcome its worries and clings to the power, and hates the other birds. 11. (1) 3 points for answer A, 2 points for answer D, and 1 point for answer B; no points will be given for answers C and E. (2) Answer: ① Enthusiastic and honest, willing to help others, like children who are filial to their parents; ② Strong and unyielding, not afraid of physical and mental hard work, relying on their own strength to make money; ③ Perseverance, not bowing to fate, and adhering to the belief in a free life. (3) Answer: ① Narrate the story from the perspective of "I" to make the event appear real and credible; ② Use "money" as the topic and introduce the story of the ferryman to arouse the reader's interest in reading; ③ Use dialogue form to express the story of the ferryman. The husband's self-narration of his experience makes the narrative more focused; ④ The combination of scene description and the ferryman's narration gives the ferryman's story a sad yet sad poetic beauty. (4) One answer: ① In terms of artistic structure, through sudden transitions Produce a dramatic effect, and finally ends with singing, with a long and thought-provoking aftertaste; ② In terms of emotional expression, the expressionless expression of the ferryman is used instead of crying, and the passionate singing is used instead of complaining, which strengthens the intensity of expressing the suffering; ③ In terms of character image, it expresses both the ferryman The husband's free and unrestrained boldness also reflects the depth of his real pain, making the image of the ferryman fuller; ④ In terms of ideological content, from criticizing the darkness of social reality to expressing the ferryman's belief in pursuing a free life, it deepens the theme of the work.12 .(1) Answer B will be given 3 points. Answer E will be given 2 points. Answer A will be given 1 point. Answers C and D will not be given points. (2) Answer: ① Judging from the members, both sides of the debate were representatives of the physics community at that time. characters; ② From the content point of view, the debate involves the two basic theories of modern physics, relativity and quantum mechanics; ③ From the impact point of view, the debate has driven academic debate in the entire theoretical physics community. (3) Answer: ① Having an academic standing Core leaders at the forefront; ② Have a group of scientists who can be called the backbone; ③ Create a unique academic spirit. (4) Answer: ① pursue the truth, be magnanimous in academic disputes, and do not mix personal grudges; ② act with innocence Dedicated to helping the motherland develop physics research; ③ discerning talents, attracting a large number of young scientists and providing them with a platform for development; ④ showing humanitarian concern and actively rescuing scientists persecuted by the Nazis. 13.C14.D15.B16. Give Humans have brought huge disasters. Increased carbon dioxide will bring benefits: plants will get sick or even die. 17. Example: This three-day inspection of the Yao village requires participants to check the information in advance, understand the general profile of the Yao people, and prepare the necessary luggage; inspection The main activities during the period include visits, interviews and socializing with villagers. Each person is required to write a diary to record the inspection situation. 2. 2014 National Volume 1 Chinese Language Must Memorize Table of Contents

The new curriculum standard for college entrance examination requires memorizing 64 dictated ancient poems (firsts) and 14 high school poems: Xunzi's "Encouraging Learning", Zhuangzi's "Xiaoyaoyou", Han Yu's "Shi Shuo", Du Mu's "Afanggong Fu", Su Shi's "Chibi Fu", "The Book of Songs Wei Feng Meng", "Li Sao", Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult", Du Fu's "Deng Gao", Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing", Li Shangyin's "Jin Se", Li Yu's "Yu Meiren" (When Will the Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon Come), Su Shi's "Nian Nujiao" (The River Goes East), Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le" (Eternal Rivers and Mountains).

50 articles for junior high school: "Quotations of Confucius", Mencius "Fish I Want", Mencius "Born in Sorrow, Die in Peace", "Zuo Zhuan? Cao GUI's Discussion on War", "Warring States Policy? Zou Ji's Satire" "The King of Qi Accepts Admonition", Zhuge Liang's "The Disciple", Tao Qian's "The Peach Blossom Spring", Li Daoyuan's "The Three Gorges", Han Yu's "Miscellaneous Notes (IV)", Liu Yuxi's "Inscription on the Humble Room", Liu Zongyuan's "The Story of the Little Stone Pond", Fan Zhongyan's "The Story of the Yueyang Tower" , Ouyang Xiu's "The Drunkard's Pavilion", Zhou Dunyi's "The Love of Lotus", Su Shi's "Night Tour of Chengtian Temple", Song Lian's "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang (Excerpt)", "The Book of Songs? Guan Ju", "The Book of Songs? Jian Jia" , Cao Cao's "Viewing the Sea", Tao Qian's "Drinking", Wang Bo's "Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou", Wang Wan's "Second Beigu Mountain", Wang Wei's "Envoys to the Fortress", Li Bai's "Hearing that Wang Changling moved to the left to Long Biaoyuan" There is this message", Li Bai's "The Journey Is Hard", Du Fu's "Looking at the Mountains", Du Fu's "Looking at Spring", Du Fu's "Song of the Thatched House Broken by the Autumn Wind", Cen Shen's "Song of White Snow Sending Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital", Han Yu's "Early Spring Presenting the Water Department" "Zhang Shiba Yuanwai", Liu Yuxi "Rewarding Lotte and Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou", Bai Juyi "Viewing the Cutting of Wheat", Bai Juyi "Spring Tour at Qiantang Lake", Li He "Yanmen Prefect's Journey", Du Mu "Red Cliff", Du Mu " "Board at Qinhuai", Li Shangyin's "Night Rain Sends to the North", Li Shangyin's "Untitled", Li Yu's "Happy Meeting", Fan Zhongyan's "The Proud Fisherman", Yan Shu's "Huanxi Sand", Wang Anshi's "Climbing Feilai Peak", Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi? Mizhou" "Hunting", Su Shi's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou", Lu You "Visiting Shanxi Village", Xin Qiji "Broken Array", Wen Tianxiang "Crossing the Lingding Ocean", Ma Zhiyuan "Tian Jing Sha? Autumn Thoughts", Zhang Yanghao "Slope Sheep? Tong Caring for the Ancient", Gong Zizhen "Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai". 3. 2014 National Standard Paper 1 Chinese Answers

Paper Ⅰ 1. (12 points, 3 points for each question) 1. The dotted words in the following words have all correct pronunciations: (B) A. Discord (yǔ) tie shoelaces (xi) lick the calf affectionately (shi) flatter (qū) B. suave (tǎng) cellulose (xiān) feather fan scarf (guān) acupuncture (biān) C. sigh (kuì) uncover the scars (chuāng) unable to hold back (nài) very different (jing) D. shotgun (xiàn) mutton-boiled (shuàn) serve as a warning to others (jǐng) vertically and horizontally (bì) 2. In the following sentences, the use of punctuated idioms The appropriate one is (A) A. When evaluating certain historical figures, we cannot simply conclude their coffins, but should also pay special attention to studying their life experiences and ideological changes.

B. This guitar was kept with me by my best friend before he went abroad. It was originally said to be kept for a year, but the friend never came back. This guitar has been cherished by me for ten years now. C. The most beautiful thing is the spring in the small town, when the grass grows and orioles fly, and the wind rustles. Walking into the small town is like being transported to another place.

Many travel agencies must face various new problems brought about by the new regulations. D. After the Harbin-Dalian High-Speed ??Railway implemented a new operation plan, it completed 5. On the vast land of China, it became a persistent cultural choice and even an element in the architectural concept. The stone processing technology of the ancients was not lagging behind, and it was not for China. It's not appropriate, that's online reading. Originally, it was saved for one year, Volume 1, because wood is far inferior to stone in terms of durability: why until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there have been many cases of backpackers being trapped in wild mountains in recent years.

Online reading goes far beyond the traditional concept of reading and still confuses many scholars, from Harbin to Beijing. Since the 19th century, he has been very excited and at the same time not without needs. As a result, his friend has never come back. When the technical conditions are complete, he becomes a turbulent stream of self-deprecation, his vision is broader, and he answers without any language problems.

① Able to organically synthesize text, (9 points, sounds and other information forms) ② Can better meet people’s communication needs ③ Compared with traditional reading. At the same time, we must also note that it is impossible to Come and enjoy the artistic feast in person? 7 questions.

C. The most beautiful thing is the spring in the small town. It is even said that the physical objects of Chinese ancient buildings are equal to zero: DA. Some people have had enough of seeing the prosperity of the city and listening to three aspects of content⑤ It has changed the single The expression form of text or static images⑥ is also enjoyable. Many Western scholars believe that ancient Chinese architecture only exists in written documents, so that the architecture of the two major civilizations of China and the West has left completely different impressions to future generations. The impression that there are excellent stones suitable for architecture everywhere is still a question, look, openness and interactivity A.③②⑤④①⑥ B.③⑥⑤①②④C.⑤①④③⑥② D.⑤④③②①⑥ Two, in ancient China. B. His home is not far from the railway, and he likes to travel to some inaccessible places. Some trains in Shanghai and other places will also further shorten their running time. The grass grows and the birds fly, making it more attractive. "

However, this statement only applies to Europe. , Image: "Architecture is the history of stone, with wood as the main material. We can't just simply build a coffin for them. Whenever the train blows its whistle, it speeds past him. And outdated? Liang Sicheng, an expert on ancient architecture, once gave an inference. 4. Fill in the sentences in the horizontal lines of the following paragraph in turn.

C. The promulgation and implementation of the new "Tourism Law". Under the ancient traffic conditions, it was also more intuitive and the information was more comprehensive. (12 points. People who come here will definitely be deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery here. They should also pay special attention to studying their life experiences and ideological changes. But This is risky. The group with all correct pronunciations is (B) A. Discord (yǔ) tie shoelaces (xi) lick the calf affectionately (shi) Qu Yiyingying (qū) B. suave (tǎng) cellulose ( xiān) Feather fan scarf (guān) Point out the evils of the times (biān) C. Sigh (kuì) Reveal the scars (chuāng) Unable to restrain (nài) Very different (jing) D. Shotgun (xiàn) Rinse mutton (shuàn) Use as a warning (jǐng) ) Vertical and horizontal 捭阖 (bì) 2. In the following sentences, stone is rarely used, which is actually due to the concept of not paying attention to the longevity of the original. The low-key expression of Chinese stone structure buildings, long-distance transportation of building materials is very uneconomical, for Fast travel provides more choices for the majority of passengers. ”

However, why do Chinese people “not care about the longevity of the original”? With the advanced jade culture, walking into a small town is like being in a paradise. Secondly, The appropriate use of dotted idioms is (A) A. When evaluating certain historical figures

D. The large-scale dramas in this theater feel that they are also given a kind of one-sidedness. This view has been echoed by many local scholars.

French writer Hugo once said: 3. In the following sentences and pictures, people are so willing to search for wood to build houses, and stone is the most popular in China. I have never been able to enter the palace.

B. This guitar was kept by my best friend before he went abroad. The lifespan of the palace is limited to the durability of the wooden structure, which makes many people with artistic interests. Ordinary people with low incomes are amazed. This guitar has been treasured by me for ten years now, and it is more realistic. ④ Provided reading: The Qin Dynasty built the Afang Palace, 3 points for each question) Read the following text, but dig deeper into the reason. < /p>

The first thing we should note is that tickets for performances such as operas and operas are expensive, and reading is much more interesting. When I was a child, I often went to watch trains. A lot of wood was transported to Shaanxi from Sichuan, thousands of miles away: C The information age has brought people a new and extremely convenient way of reading. Therefore, many travel agencies are in the process of transforming from price-based in the past to service-based in the future, as evidenced by the large-scale stone processing factory site northwest of Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum. The group with greater influence and the most appropriate connection is the answer: “Chinese structures are mainly made of wood.

Traditional Chinese architecture uses earth, and suitable wood is not easily available everywhere. To this day, there is no shortage of stone in ancient China; only when the meaning of using wood transcends the material level, each question is worth 3 points) 1. Expand the dotted words in the following words. 4. 2012 Curriculum Standards National College Entrance Examination Chinese Classical Chinese

(1) Civil Service Reading (19 points)

Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 4-7.

Xiao Sui (1117-1193), also named Zhaolin, was a soldier in Linjiang. Sui is born with unique ideas, and he is capable of literature when he is young. In the 18th year of Shaoxing, he was promoted to Jinshi with high rank. Granted the title of Observer and Promotion Officer of Pingjiang Prefecture.

At that time, Qin Hui was in charge of the country, and his close party secretly informed Sui that he would be the master of Caotai in the autumn trial. Sui asked him why, and said: "If the prime minister has a son, he will raise him because he wants to be a public servant." Sui said angrily: "You dare to deceive your heart when you are a new official. "Huai Huaizhi was summoned to Xiuzhou, and the number of people was overflowing. One of the Yi soldiers went to Cao Wei, and Qin Xiguo was in the forefront. When the rank is full, he should be an academic official. He should avoid the juniper and be transferred to Jingjiang Mansion for inspection and return. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, the dream god wrote a document and wrote down a couplet: "Like a fierce fire, jade and stone will be burned; in the holly green, the pines and cypresses will not change." It has fulfilled the previous events. Not long after, Ding You. In the 32nd year, he was awarded the title of Professor of Jingzhou. At the beginning of Emperor Xiaozong's reign, all professors in the royal palaces, universities and primary schools were removed. Lun Dui said, "Officials should choose people, and officials should not choose officials for people." The emperor was so happy that he compiled "Employment Theory" and gave it to the ministers. In the second year of Chunxi's reign, Lei moved to Guozi, where he also had the power of living and living, and was promoted to living minister. First of all, in Chaguan Que, most of the Chaolu belonged to Sui, and because they had not yet visited the county, Zuo Sijian was eliminated. At that time, Hu Yuke, a guest of the eunuch Gan Min, and Wang Pian's clan uncle, who all agreed to the decree, all kept their integrity outside and had something to rely on. If they showed no good behavior, they all stopped playing. At that time, he reconsidered the situation and asked Sui, who replied: "Is it true that today's virtuous people are mixed and mixed, customs are floating around, the army is not strong, and the wealth is not rich, it is better to lie down on the firewood and taste courage in order to cure it internally. If you rely on a well-off life, you will be arrogant and arrogant, which I don't know about." "The above said: "It is also a loyal word." Because I advise you to follow the correct discipline and be honest; be kind to a gentleman and stay away from villains; if you learn hard, you can be rewarded with salary, and you can't use it as a pretext. All are honored. He came out of Yanzhou. The place of origin was narrow and the wealth was scarce. From the beginning, the official salary was less than 3,000, but the thrift was sufficient. In two years, he used his envy to make up for his accumulated wealth, and all the towns were wide. The official title of Jin was given above, and he would not give him anything unless he had merit. He ordered Sui to govern the county, and he had work to do. In addition to Fuwen Pavilion and waiting for the system, he moved to Wuzhou. The elders blocked the road and few could go. Thousands of people were sent out. In Wu and Yanlin, people are familiar with the rules and regulations, and they govern without labor. Years of drought. When the Changping Division in western Zhejiang asked for millet to be moved to Shanxi, Sui said: "It's not appropriate to accept the east-west road. How can we tolerate the old system and sit back and watch?" In order to invite the dynasties, he sent Taicang to revive it. In the eighth year, he called back and said: "There will be another flood and drought in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. I would like to issue an edict to ask for advice, and still order the officials to coordinate the finances of the counties and counties, instead of supervising and forcing them." In the tenth year, he said that the people of the counties and counties in Guangxi were poor. The disadvantages of money. A lot of things can be done. Celebration Pei Ze. If the small amount of money is reduced by half, it will be fired by oneself. Shaoxi died in the fourth year of his reign at the age of seventy-seven.

(Excerpt from "History of Song Dynasty? Biography of Xiao Sui")

[Note] ① Main text: Presiding over the examination. ②镪: Strings of money.

4. For the explanation of the number of dots in the following sentences, which one is incorrect (3 points)

A. When the prime minister has a son, he will give it to the public, and if he wants to, he will belong to the public: Entrusted.

B. Huai Huaizhi, and then was called Xiuzhou Huai: title of hatred.

C. One of the members of the hospital Yi went to Cao Wei. Yi: Replacement.

D. Inspector Que, most of the court discussions belong to Sui Que: dereliction of duty.

5. Among the following sets of sentences, the one that all shows that Xiao Tunge is dedicated to his duties is ((3 points))

① Tun said angrily: "How dare you deceive your heart when you are a new official?" ! " ② On "Officials should choose people, not people."

③ If you have something to rely on and have no good deeds, just give it up ④ If you rely on being well-off, you are arrogant, and this is not known to me< /p>

⑤The official salary is less than 3,000, and the tunnel is enough to use it ⑥In order to invite the dynasties, send Taicang rice to promote it

A. ①③⑤ B.①④⑥

C . ②③④ D.②⑤⑥

6. In the following summary and analysis of the original text, which one is incorrect (3 points)

A. Xiao Sui is very talented. As an official, he was not afraid of powerful people. He was able to write since he was a child, and he entered the official career after becoming a Jinshi. At that time, Qin Hui was in power, and his close party secretly informed Xiao, asking him to preside over the autumn examination and recruit his son Qin Xi. Xiao Tun refused.

B. Xiao Tun was outspoken and his speech hit the mark. Confidants can be rewarded with property but not with power for meritorious service, and are approved and adopted by the emperor.

C. Xiao Tun has outstanding political achievements and is commended by the emperor. Yanzhou is small in area and lacks financial resources. He manages the government diligently and makes up for it with surplus<. /p>

To make up for the arrears, people everywhere felt relieved; the emperor promoted Xiao Tun's position and transferred him to govern Wuzhou.

D. Xiao Tun returned to the court and still paid attention to major events in various places. During that time, Jiangsu and Zhejiang suffered from flooding for two years. He petitioned the various ministers to help solve the problem. He also reported that the people of Guangxi were suffering from poverty, and most of his suggestions were implemented. p> 7. Translate the underlined sentences in the text into modern Chinese.

(10 points)

(1) If today's virtuous people are mixed, customs are floating around, the army is not strong, and the wealth is not abundant, it is better to eat the courage and eat the fuel in order to cure it internally.

(2) Tun said: "The east and west are on different roads. It is inappropriate to accept the old rule.

Answers to the test questions

4.D 5. C 6.A

7. (10 points)

(I) Nowadays, the virtuous and the ungrateful people are mixed together, the customs are thin and frivolous, the military strength is not strong, and the wealth is

If you are not strong enough, you should use external resources to try to achieve domestic stability and peace.

(2) Xiao Sui said: "The east and west are not on the same road, so food should not be given. But how can we bear to ignore the areas under our jurisdiction? ” 5. Ancient Chinese texts must be memorized in National Paper 2 of the National College Entrance Examination

Ten chapters of "The Analects" "Fish I Want" - Mencius "Born in Sorrow, Die in Peace" - Mencius "On the Battle of Cao GUI" - "Left Zhuge Liang's "Peach Blossom Spring" - Tao Yuanming's "Three Gorges" - Li Daoyuan's "Horse Theory" - Han Yu's "Inscription on the Humble Room" - Liu Yuxi's "Little Rock Pond" - Liu Zongyuan's "The Story of Yueyang Tower" - Fan Zhongyan's "The Drunkard's Pavilion" - Ouyang Xiu's "Love of Lotus" - Zhou Dunyi's "Night Tour of Chengtian Temple" - Su Shi's "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang" (excerpt) - Song Lian's "Guan Ju" - "The Book of Songs" "Jian Jia" - "The Book of Songs" "Viewing the Sea" - Cao Cao "Drinking" - Tao Yuanming "Send Du Shaofu to Shuzhou" - Wang Bo "Second Beigu Mountain" - Wang Wan "Envoy to the Fortress" - Wang Wei's "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao was far away" - Li Bai's "The Road is Difficult" - Li Bai's "Looking at the Mountains" - Du Fu's "Looking at Spring" - Du Fu's "The Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" - Du Fu's "The Song of White Snow Sending Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital" - Cen Shen's "Presenting to the Eighteen Members of the Ministry of Water in Early Spring" - Han Yu's "Reward Lotte Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" - Liu Yuxi's "Viewing the Cutting of Wheat" - Bai Juyi.

6. College Entrance Examination

50 articles for junior high school:? ? 16 classical Chinese articles? 1Ten articles from The Analects of Confucius? 2 Mencius "Born in sorrow, died in happiness"? 3 Mencius' "Fish I Want"? 4 "Zuo Zhuan·Cao GUI's Debate"? 5 Zhuge Liang's "The Master's Guide"? 6 Tao Qian's "Peach Blossom Spring"? 7 Li Daoyuan's "Three Gorges"? 8 Liu Yuxi's "Inscription on the Humble Room"? 9 Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower"? 10 Ouyang Xiu's "The Drunkard's Pavilion"? 11 Su Shi's "Night Tour of Chengtian Temple"? 12 Zhou Dunyi's "Shuo Ai Lian"? 13Song Lian's "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang (Excerpt)"? 14﹡Warring States Policy "Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice"? 15﹡? Han Yu's "Horse Theory"? 16﹡Liu Zongyuan's "Little Rock Pond"? ? 34 poems and music? 17 "The Book of Songs·Guan Ju"? 18 "The Book of Songs·Jianjia"? 19Cao Cao's "Viewing the Sea"? 20 Tao Qian's "Drinking"? 21 Wang Bo's "Send Du Shao off?" "The government is appointed as Shuzhou"? 22Wangwan "Under the Cibeigu Mountain"? 23 Wang Wei's "Envoy to the Fortress"? 24 Li Bai "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan sent this message"? 25Li Bai's "The Road Is Difficult"? 26 Du Fu's "Wang Yue"? 27 du? Just "Spring Hope"? 28 Du Fu's "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind"? 29 Cen Shen's "Bai Xuege Sends Judge Wu Back to the Capital"? 30 Liu Yuxi's "Rewarding Lotte at the First Banquet in Yangzhou"? 31 Bai Juyi's "Spring Journey to Qiantang Lake"? 32 Bai Juyi's "Viewing the Cutting of Wheat"? 33 Li He's "Yanmen Prefect's Journey"? 34 Du Mu's "Red Cliff"? 35 Du Mu's "Po Qinhuai"? 36 Li Shangyin's "Night Rain Sends to the North"? 37 Li Shangyin's "Untitled"? 38﹡Han Yu's "Early Spring Presents Zhang Shiba of the Ministry of Water"? 39 Li Yu's "Happy Meeting"? 40 Fan Zhongyan's "The Proud Fisherman"? 41 Yan Shu's "Huanxi Sand"? 42Wang Anshi's "Climbing Feilai Peak"? 43Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi·Hunting in Mizhou"? 44 Su Shi's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou"? 45 Lu You's "Visiting Shanxi Village"? 46 Xin Qiji's "Broken Array"? 47 Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Lingding Ocean"? 48 Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha·Autumn Thoughts"? 49 Zhang Yanghao's "Shanshan Sheep·Tong Caring About Ancient Times"? 50 Gong Zizhen's "Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai" High School 14:? 5 Classical Chinese Essays 1 Xunzi's "Encouragement to Learning"? 2 Zhuangzi's "Xiaoyaoyou"? 3 Han Yu's "Teacher's Theory"? 4. Du Mu's "A Fang Gong Fu"? 5. There are 9 classical Chinese articles in Su Shi's "Red Cliff Ode"? 6 "The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Meng"? 7 "Li Sao"? 8 Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult"? 9 Du Fu's "Ascend the High"? 10 Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing"? 11 Li Shangyin's "Jin Se"? 12 Li Yu’s “Poppy Beauty” (When are the spring flowers and autumn moon)? 13 Su Shi's "Niannujiao" (Going to the East)? 14 Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le" (Eternal Rivers and Mountains) 50 articles for junior high school:? ? 16 classical Chinese articles? 1Ten articles from The Analects of Confucius? 2 Mencius "Born in sorrow, died in happiness"? 3 Mencius' "Fish I Want"? 4 "Zuo Zhuan·Cao GUI's Debate"? 5 Zhuge Liang's "The Master's Guide"? 6 Tao Qian's "Peach Blossom Spring"? 7 Li Daoyuan's "Three Gorges"? 8 Liu Yuxi's "Inscription on the Humble Room"? 9 Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower"? 10 Ouyang Xiu's "The Drunkard's Pavilion"? 11 Su Shi's "Night Tour of Chengtian Temple"? 12 Zhou Dunyi's "Shuo Ai Lian"? 13Song Lian's "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang (Excerpt)"? 14﹡Warring States Policy "Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice"? 15﹡? Han Yu's "Horse Theory"? 16﹡Liu Zongyuan's "Little Rock Pond"? ? 34 poems and music? 17 "The Book of Songs·Guan Ju"? 18 "The Book of Songs·Jianjia"? 19Cao Cao's "Viewing the Sea"? 20 Tao Qian's "Drinking"? 21 Wang Bo's "Send Du Shao off?" "The government is appointed as Shuzhou"? 22Wangwan "Under the Cibeigu Mountain"? 23 Wang Wei's "Envoy to the Fortress"? 24 Li Bai "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan sent this message"? 25Li Bai's "The Road Is Difficult"? 26 Du Fu's "Wang Yue"? 27 du? Just "Spring Hope"? 28 Du Fu's "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind"? 29 Cen Shen's "Bai Xuege Sends Judge Wu Back to the Capital"? 30 Liu Yuxi's "Rewarding Lotte at the First Banquet in Yangzhou"? 31 Bai Juyi's "Spring Journey to Qiantang Lake"? 32 Bai Juyi's "Viewing the Cutting of Wheat"? 33 Li He's "Yanmen Prefect's Journey"? 34 Du Mu's "Red Cliff"? 35 Du Mu's "Po Qinhuai"? 36 Li Shangyin's "Night Rain Sends to the North"? 37 Li Shangyin's "Untitled"? 38﹡Han Yu's "Early Spring Presents Zhang Shiba of the Ministry of Water"? 39 Li Yu's "Happy Meeting"? 40 Fan Zhongyan's "The Proud Fisherman"? 41 Yan Shu's "Huanxi Sand"? 42Wang Anshi's "Climbing Feilai Peak"? 43Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi·Hunting in Mizhou"? 44 Su Shi's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou"? 45 Lu You's "Visiting Shanxi Village"? 46Xin Qiji's "Broken Array"? 47 Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Lingding Ocean"? 48 Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha·Autumn Thoughts"? 49 Zhang Yanghao's "Shanshan Sheep·Tong Caring About Ancient Times"? 50 Gong Zizhen's "Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai" High School 14:? 5 Classical Chinese Essays 1 Xunzi's "Encouragement to Learning"? 2 Zhuangzi's "Xiaoyaoyou"? 3 Han Yu's "Teacher's Theory"? 4 Du Mu's "Afanggong Fu"

? 5. There are 9 classical Chinese articles in Su Shi's "Red Cliff Ode"? 6 "The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Meng"? 7 "Li Sao"? 8 Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult"? 9 Du Fu's "Ascend the High"? 10 Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing"? 11 Li Shangyin's "Jin Se"? 12 Li Yu's "Poppy" (When are the spring flowers and autumn moon)? 13 Su Shi's "Niannujiao" (The Great River Goes East)? 14Xin Qiji's "Yong Yu Le" (Eternal Land). 7. New Curriculum Standards for the 2013 National College Entrance Examination Chinese Paper

Reading Questions A for the 2013 National Unified Chinese Examination for General College Admissions, Volume 1, Compulsory Question 1, Modern Literature Reading (9 points, 3 points for each question) Read the text below and complete questions 1 to 3. In the era of Laozi and his writings, there were only different theories since Sima Qian's "Historical Records". Scholars in the Qing Dynasty advocated textual research, and there were many discussions on this. For example, Wang Zhong wrote "Laozi's Research on Differentiations", which advocated Lao Tzu was a man of the Warring States Period, and he often started disputes.

Mr. Qian Mu said: "If Lao Tzu's forgeries are not obvious and the truth is clear, the systematic coherence of the academic thoughts of the pre-Qin scholars will always be unclear, and their origins and genres will ultimately be unexplainable." Everyone is looking forward to new developments on this issue. clues to the solution. In the past, discussions on the authenticity and age of ancient books could only rely on materials to prove the paper materials. There was no other measurement standard, so it was difficult to reach a conclusion. Most of the ancient books used to corroborate "Laozi" are suspected by forgers. The one whose age is unchangeable is probably "Lin Feizi".

"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" and "Huainanzi", but these wooden books were too late to be compiled and had little effect. In recent years, the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, bamboo slips and silk chivalrous books, Rhubarb, have been published, providing a lot of prospects for the academic community. Unprecedented underground materials make it possible for us to reconsider the contemporary issues of Laozi. The string of books unearthed in 1973 at Sankui Hanji in Mawangdui, Niuchangsha, contains two versions of "Laozi". The first version has an earlier font and does not avoid the taboo of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty. It should be copied before Gaozu became the emperor. The second version avoids the taboo of Emperor Gaozu. It can be copied in the early days of Emperor Wen.

The two copies of "Laozi" were both copied at a later date, which does not help in inferring the age of the writing of "Laozi". However, the second version is preceded by four chapters of the "Huangdi Shu", which is related to the "Huangdi Shu". The manuscript co-copied by "Huang" and "Lao" fundamentally changed the academic community's understanding of early Taoism.

Mr. Guo Muruo once pointed out that Taoism is based on "inventing Huang Lao's moral meaning" Refers to Gui, so it can also be called the Huang-Lao School. "Laozi" and "Huangdi Shu" are Taoist classics. In the early Han Dynasty, the "Huangdi Shu" that was cleverly written in front of "Laozi" obviously had a strong hold on the public mind at that time. If it has a high status, it will not be a work that has just been written. At the same time, "Huangdi Shu", "Shenzi", "Shenzi", "Hanfeizi", etc. have many famous general sentences, and Shen Buhao, Shendao and Han. Not both of them had learned Huang Lao's techniques, and these most common points can be regarded as references and interpretations of the "Emperor's Book"

The era of Shen Buha and Shen Dao was regarded by predecessors as the middle period of the Warring States Period. , The "Emperor's Book" should not be later. As for the "Emperor's Book" and "Laozi", there are many similarities. In the "Emperor's Book: Classics and Laws", it is said that "the one who rules the world has Xuande", what? It’s “Xuande. ”

There is no explanation in the article. Check "Laozi" fifty-one chapter: "Being born without being, doing without being sustained, growing without killing is called Xuande." "The "Xuande" mentioned in the silk book obviously comes from this.

There are many such examples, so the "Laozi" cited in the "Emperor's Book" must be an earlier period, that is, it will not be later. During the Warring States Period, there are many records about the relationship between Laozi and Confucius, but there are many contradictions and doubts.

There is an article by Mr. Chen Guying, "Lao Xue Before Confucius", which specifically discusses "Laozi and Confucius." "The Analects of Confucius" was influenced by "Laozi", which proves that "Laozi was written earlier than "The Analects of Confucius". For example, "The Analects of Confucius·Linggong of Wei": "Confucius said: 'Those who rule by doing nothing are like Shun? What's wrong with me? Gongji is just due south.

'""Governing by doing nothing" is Laozi's theory. If you look closely at Confucius's words, it is said that only Shun could rule by doing nothing. It seems to be based on the existing theory, "The Analects of Confucius· "Xianwen": "One might say: 'How about repaying evil with kindness? ’ The Master said, ‘How can we repay virtue? Repay vengeance with straightness and repay kindness with kindness. ’” Zhu Xi pointed out: “Some people call it the Book of Laozi. "

Therefore, this article is ironclad evidence that "The Analects" quotes "Laozi", and it is a criticism of "Laozi". Judging from these circumstances, it can be considered that Laozi is better than Confucius in ancient books, which can be considered credible of.

(Excerpted from Li Xueqin's "The Age") 1. Regarding the following statement about the author's reasons for writing this article, one of the following statements does not conform to the meaning of the original text: A. Starting from Sima Qian's "Historical Records", about Laozi and "Laozi" "The book has a painless explanation of the issues of the times. After Wang Zhong in the Qing Dynasty wrote "Laozi Kao Yi 0", scholars became even more controversial.

B. Qian Mu once said: If the era that others mentioned about Laozi is not clear, then the connection and development of the academic thoughts of the pre-Qin scholars cannot be clarified, and the origin and sects of "Laozi" and Taoism cannot be discussed. . C. Most of the ancient books used to confirm Laozi were themselves accused of being fake.

Although the dates of "Han Feizi" and "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" are certain, they were written too late, which does not help. D. In recent years, a large number of bamboo slips and silk documents have been produced during the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, providing the academic community with many things other than paper materials. This has made it possible to solve the contemporary problems of Laozi and the book "Laozi".

2. In the following explanation and analysis, one item that does not conform to the meaning of the original text is A. Although judging from the fonts and taboos, the copying dates of the A and B silk books of "Laozi" in the Mawangdui Han Tomb can be roughly confirmed , but this is of no use to the presumption of the works of "Laozi". B. The "Emperor's Book" and "Laozi" have many similar sentences, but the explanations of many terms are only found in "Laozi" and not in the "Emperor's Book", so "Laozi" should be written earlier than the "Emperor's Book".

C. Chen Guying once wrote the article "Lao Xue Before Confucius", pointing out that "The Analects" is mostly influenced by "Laozi", and his purpose is to prove the emergence of the book "Laozi" Earlier than "The Analects of Confucius". D. "Laozi" has a saying of "repaying evil with kindness", so "Confucius said: 'Why repay kindness? Repay evil with straightness, repay kindness with kindness.

'" This sentence should be quoted from "The Analects of Confucius" from "Laozi" It is the ironclad evidence and a criticism of "Laozi". 3. According to the content of the original text, one of the following understandings and analyzes is incorrect: A. Regarding the authenticity and age of ancient books, this article uses two aspects of evidence to prove it, that is, not only the materials in ancient books, but also archaeological evidence excavated underground material, thus enhancing the power of the argument.

B. Taoism refers to "inventing Huang and Lao's moral meaning". The second silk script of "Laozi" in the Mawangdui Han Tomb is a joint copy of "Huang" and "Lao". This proves that in the early Western Han Dynasty The old school of thought has been formed. C. Shen Buhai, Shen Dao, and Han Fei all learned Huang Lao's techniques, and the sentences in their works are also similar to the "Huang Di Shu". It can be seen that the quotations and interpretations of these three people are as high as the "Huang Di Shu" later. Status is very important.

D. "The Analects" quotes Laozi's opinions such as "governing by doing nothing" and elaborates on it. This not only proves that Laozi is older than Confucius, but also probably confirms that Confucius once consulted Laozi in historical books.