What are the commonly used ultrasonic diagnostic terms?

Ultrasonic image: the cross-sectional image of tissues and organs displayed on an oscilloscope during ultrasonic diagnosis.

Echo: refers to the echo signal displayed on the oscilloscope, which comes from the reflection and scattering of ultrasonic waves from all walks of life in human tissues during ultrasonic examination.

Medium echo: Gray-scale (black-and-white) sonogram shows medium brightness point or mass echo. Usually, the parenchymal echo of normal liver and thyroid gland is used as the medium echo standard. Moderate echo usually indicates substantial structure.

Anechoic: the gray-black area on the gray-scale ultrasound image, without punctate or other echoes, indicating liquid or cystic changes, such as chest, ascites, cysts, fluid-containing organs (gallbladder, bladder), etc.

Strong (high) echo: It appears as extremely bright point or mass echo in gray-scale sonogram, which is usually found in the capsule of organs, blood vessel wall, stones, bones, metal foreign bodies and so on.

Weak (low) echo: Point or mass echo between non-echo and medium echo on gray-scale sonogram, generally expressed as solid structure. It is found in solid organs or gastrointestinal tumors, lymphadenopathy, etc.

Isoecho: in a gray-scale ultrasound image, no matter whether the echo intensity is high or low, if the echo intensity of the lesion is the same as or close to that of the surrounding tissues, it is called isoecho.

Point echo: refers to the range

Speckle echo: refers to the echo in the range of 0.3 cm to 0.5 cm.

Mass echo: refers to the echo with the range of > > 0.5cm.

Ribbon echo: refers to thin or banded echo.

Posterior wall echo (effect): refers to the posterior wall echo condition of tissues, organs or lesions, such as cystic tissues or lesions, and the posterior wall echo is enhanced.

Posterior echo (effect): refers to the sound beam penetrating tissues and lesions, and its posterior echo intensity is enhanced, such as the posterior effect of cystic structure.

Sound shadow: In the process of sound wave propagation, due to reflection, absorption and other factors, sound energy is greatly attenuated, resulting in obvious attenuation or disappearance of echo, which is common behind stones and calcified tissues and is one of the basis for diagnosing stones.