Poems about remembering the revolutionary martyrs

October 25 this year marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of anti-Japanese heroine Zhao Yiman. On the day of commemorating the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, recalling the glorious achievements and magnificent life of this anti-Japanese heroine is of far-reaching significance for us to remember the past, carry forward the past, pioneer and innovate, and build a harmonious socialist society.

(1) Zhao Yiman, formerly known as Li Kuntai, also known as Shuning, also known as Li Yichao, was born in Baiyangzui Village, Yibin County, Sichuan Province. She was born into a feudal landlord family. When Zhao Yiman was a teenager, it was the time when China was showing the dawn of the new democratic revolution and when new ideas, new fashions and old morals and old concepts were in fierce struggle. After the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921, Marxism spread rapidly. With the help of his eldest brother-in-law and Communist Party member Zheng Youzhi, Zhao Yiman met Communist Party members He Juehui and Liu Yaxiong. They often sent revolutionary books and periodicals such as "Guide", "China Youth", and "Women's Weekly" to Zhao Yiman to read, which strengthened her will to resist the feudal system and carry out social revolution. In 1924, Zhao Yiman joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League after being introduced by He Juehui. After Zhao Yiman joined the regiment, he caused dissatisfaction among feudal families because of his active participation in the activities of the regiment and his request to go out to study. In particular, her elder brother, who manages the family business, is like the "King of Hell" and strictly controls her with the feudal ethics of "three obediences and four virtues", causing her to lose her freedom. In order to resist the constraints and oppression of feudal ethics, Zhao Yiman wrote an article of about 3,000 words, "I was deprived of the right to study by my brother and sister-in-law." It was published in "Women's Weekly" on August 6, 1924, which powerfully Challenged the feudal family autocratic system. After the article was published, it caused a great response. In the autumn of 1925, the Youth League branch was established in Baiyangzui Village, and Zhao Yiman served as the branch secretary. In order to mobilize women to participate in the revolution, she and her second sister, a member of the Communist Youth League, organized the "Women's Liberation Alliance" and developed more than 180 members. Leading women to learn culture, fight for freedom and equality, and launch a struggle against the "three obediences and four virtues", which made the upsurge of women's liberation continue to rise. Zhao Yiman's revolutionary activities were regarded as treasonous by his uncles and uncles from the feudal family. In order to completely get rid of the feudal family, in February 1926, with the help of his second sister, Zhao Yiman resolutely ran away and came to Yibin County, far away from his hometown. At Yibin County Girls' Middle School, Zhao Yiman worked hard to learn cultural knowledge while conducting revolutionary propaganda among his classmates, leading them in anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggles. Following her lead, the students all cut off their braids, and no one wore their hair in a bun. Zhao Yiman is smart, lively, optimistic, brave and fierce at Yibin Girls' Middle School, so she is deeply admired by her classmates. During the re-election of the Girls' Middle School Student Union, she was elected as a standing committee member and represented the Girls' Middle School in the Yibin Student Union and was one of the standing committee members of the Student Union.

In the spring of 1926, the Yibin Special Branch of the Communist Party of China was established, and Zhao Yiman became a member of the Communist Party of China. Soon, the first anniversary of the May 30th Massacre came. Regardless of the obstruction of the school authorities, Zhao Yiman led his classmates out of the school and walked through the bustling streets of the city to carry out anti-imperialist and anti-feudal lectures. On the eve of the Dragon Boat Festival of the same year, a patriotic struggle took place in Yibin to boycott "hate oil" (during the anti-imperialist struggle, Japanese and British and other foreign goods were called "hate goods", and kerosene was called "hate oil"). Zhao Yiman is one of the leaders of this struggle. Because Zhao Yiman and others actively participated in the anti-imperialist and patriotic struggle, the student movement continued to rise, making the school authorities very frightened. In mid-July 1926, the school expelled Zhao Yiman and several other student representatives from the school on charges of "arrogance." After the news of the expulsion of Zhao Yiman and others was announced, the students in the school were indignant. The students formed a "dropout group" to show their resistance to the reactionary authorities' persecution of patriotic students. At this time, the Northern Expedition was winning steadily, and the torrent of the Great Revolution was rushing forward. The Kuomintang County Party Headquarters, which cooperated with the Kuomintang, was publicly established in Yibin and founded Zhongshan Middle School. Zhao Yiman entered Zhongshan Middle School with other students who dropped out. Soon, in order to further train Zhao Yiman, the party organization decided to send her to apply for the Wuhan branch of the Central Military and Political School.

Zhao Yiman was incorporated into the girls team at the Wuhan Branch of the Central Military and Political School. Thus, the intense political study and military training life began. On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup. In May, Xia Douyin launched a rebellion in Hubei. At this time, despite being hospitalized for lung disease, Zhao Yiman walked out of the ward and rushed to the battlefield to participate in the battle to attack the rebels and defend Wuhan. In July, Wang Jingwei rebelled. At this point, Ninghan and Han merged, and the vigorous revolution failed.

Under this situation, the organization arranged for her to be transferred to Shanghai. In September of the same year, she was sent to study at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, the Soviet Union.

At Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, Zhao Yiman cherishes this learning opportunity very much. She actively overcame the difficulty of low education, studied Marxist-Leninist theory, and worked hard to learn Russian. In April 1928, she married her classmate Chen Dabang. At the end of the same year, the organization decided to let her return to China and accept new tasks. At that time, Zhao Yiman was pregnant. Based on her special situation, she could have made a request to the organization not to return to China temporarily. Chen Dabang also said to her: "After the child is born, we will go back together." But Zhao Yiman disagreed. She said: "We must obey the party's decision. The child can return to China to give birth. We would rather have difficulties ourselves than obey the distribution." Showing her strong party spirit.

After Zhao Yiman returned to China, he engaged in secret party work in Yichang, Hubei. Later he was transferred to Nanchang and worked in the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. In November 1929, due to the traitor's informant, the provincial party committee organs were destroyed. Zhao Yiman escaped by chance. At this time, Nanchang was filled with white terror. However, in order to allow the organization to rescue the arrested comrades as soon as possible, Zhao Yiman ignored his personal safety. He carried his child on his back, begged for food along the way, and came to Shanghai, where he reported the incident to the central government in a timely manner. In order not to have her work affected by taking care of the child, Zhao Yiman entrusted the child to her husband's sister, Mrs. Chen Congying, Mrs. Ren Bishi, and sent her to the Chen family in Hunan to raise her. Since then, she has worked in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. She participated in the National Congress of Soviets held by the Party Central Committee in Shanghai. 2. When the September 18th Incident broke out in 1931, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a declaration exposing the crimes of Japanese imperialist aggression and calling on the people of Northeast China to resist the invaders. At the same time, a large number of cadres were sent to Northeast China to organize and lead the anti-Japanese struggle. Zhao Yiman is one of them.

In June 1932, after Zhao Yiman arrived in Northeast China, he first carried out underground work of the party in Shenyang. Later, he came to Harbin and served as the Organization Director of the Preparatory Office of the Manchuria Federation of Trade Unions and the Party Secretary of the Harbin Federation of Trade Unions. In order to facilitate her secret work, the organization decided that she would marry Lao Cao (Huang Weixin), secretary of the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, as a fake couple. In Harbin, she was appointed by the organization to lecture on political theory to revolutionary youth, educating them to keep revolutionary theory in mind and implement it in revolutionary actions. She once executed a fake policeman who came to investigate with her comrades who were in a meeting on the Island of the Sun. She often went to Lao Ba Duo Cigarette Factory, Sanliupeng Locomotive and Rolling Stock Factory, and Tram Factory to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda and develop trade union members. On April 2, 1933, she and Lao Cao led the famous Harbin tram workers' strike. Under the guidance of Zhao Yiman, the strike committee issued a "Letter to the Citizens" and posted a large number of leaflets, slogans, and posters in the urban area, calling on citizens to support the struggle of striking workers. The tram workers' strike lasted for two days, disrupting urban traffic and paralyzing the city, causing a great impact. Due to the resolute struggle of the striking workers, the Japanese and puppet authorities had to agree to the conditions for resumption of work proposed by the striking workers, and the strike was successful. In order to guide the anti-Japanese armed work, Zhao Yiman visited Hailun County twice to inspect and guide, and participated in the struggle of Hailun guerrillas. Since Zhao Yiman arrived in the Northeast, in order to expel the Japanese invaders and regain the great land of the motherland, he often forgets to eat and sleep, and works hard without avoiding hardships. She once expressed her ambitions in poetry, expressing her thoughts and feelings of being determined to serve the country and devote herself to the revolution. In a poem titled "Sympathy on the Riverside", she wrote:

I vow to serve my country rather than my home, and cross rivers and seas to travel to the ends of the earth.

Are all men good? Why are women so bad?

I will not cherish my new homeland, but will fertilize China with my blood.

The white mountains and black waters eliminate the enemy bandits, and the flags are as red as flowers with a smile.

In April 1934, the local party organization in Harbin City, the Communist Party of China, was destroyed. Lao Cao, secretary of the Manchuria Federation of Trade Unions, was arrested and sacrificed. Zhao Yiman was also in a very dangerous situation. Soon, she left Harbin in accordance with the decision of the party organization and moved to the Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Base Area in Zhuhe County (today's Shangzhi City), where she served as the special commissioner of the Zhuhe Center County Committee of the Communist Party of China.

At first, she worked as a woman in the south area of ??the Zhuhe Railway. In order to mobilize women, Zhao Yiman went deep into women. During the day, she worked with the women and taught them to sing revolutionary songs; at night, she organized women's meetings and taught them the principles of resisting Japan, saving the country, and women's liberation. Under the leadership of Zhao Yiman, a large number of women were mobilized and participated in the Women's Conference. The activities of the Women's Association in Zhuhe are very active. They helped the guerrillas fetch water, cook, sew, mend and wash their clothes, and made military uniforms, military shoes, bullet belts, etc.

They were also responsible for tasks such as caring for the wounded, conducting anti-Japanese propaganda, and delivering letters.

In the anti-Japanese struggle, Zhao Yiman paid special attention to the building of mass anti-Japanese armed forces. Together with her comrades from the county party committee, she established more than ten mass anti-Japanese armed forces with considerable strength in the Zhuhe Anti-Japanese Base Area. In the base areas, there were not only the anti-Japanese self-defense forces of farmers who were not out of work, but also the "model team" and the "youth volunteer army" of the anti-Japanese peasant armed forces who were off work. Their mission is to defend the local area, eliminate traitors and lackeys in base areas and guerrilla areas, cooperate with the guerrillas in operations, and transport soldiers to the anti-Japanese forces to supplement the main force. In the autumn of the same year, the "Yellow Cannon" team, which had participated in the Anti-Japanese Allied Army, rebelled. After they fled to the base area, they encountered strong resistance from the peasant anti-Japanese armed forces in Houlin Township and suffered a heavy blow. In late September 1934, Zhao Yiman led local peasant armed forces to operate near Beiyin River in Wuchang County, not far from the base area. The Japanese invaders had a secret bacterial factory here that used living people for experiments. At that time, there happened to be a dozen people with swollen bodies and bloodless faces who escaped from the enemy's clutches. When the enemy was chasing, Zhao Yiman led his team to rush forward and fired a burst of shots at the enemy. After that, these dozen people who had been tortured by the Japanese invaders were carried back to the hospital in the rear. In the rear hospital, Zhao Yiman brought them food and medicine every day to understand the situation. After they recovered, they held a mass meeting to accuse the Japanese invaders of using living people for bacterial experiments and bloody massacres of Chinese people. This incident greatly educated the masses in the base area and aroused great indignation against the Japanese invaders. In the anti-Japanese struggle, Zhao Yiman was famous for his wit and bravery. At that time, the peasant armed forces lacked guns, and underground workers obtained a batch of guns and ammunition in the county town, but the city gates were tightly guarded and could not be transported out. At this time, Zhao Yiman came up with a way. She and a female soldier wrapped the guns and ammunition in oil paper, loaded them in a horse-drawn dung cart, and the owner of the cart rushed to the city gate. The Japanese and puppet troops guarding the city gate saw that it was a cart hauling dung and found it smelly, so they quickly waved to let them go. In this way, a batch of weapons was transported out of the county. Afterwards, everyone admired Zhao Yiman for his wit and bravery.

(3) In December 1934, a large number of Japanese and puppet troops launched a winter "crusade" against the Zhuhe Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Base Area. Due to the traitor Wu's tip, the enemy focused on searching the Sifangdingzi and Weitanggou areas where our rear hospital is located. At that time, Zhao Yiman had a sore on his neck and was living in the rear hospital. Unfortunately, he was arrested by the enemy. During her detention, Zhao Yiman effectively carried out anti-Japanese propaganda to the puppet company commander. She said: "You have to think that you are Chinese when you do things. We meet each other on the battlefield, but you cannot kill unarmed Chinese compatriots. You You can kill me, but I will never die in the hands of the Japanese." After hearing his righteous words, the puppet company commander was deeply moved, which inspired his national consciousness, and finally released Zhao Yiman.

In February 1935, Zhao Yiman was appointed Secretary of the District Committee of the Railway North District of Zhuhe County. She continued to engage in local party work in the guerrilla base area to support and cooperate with the Third Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army (expanded from the Hadong Detachment) in the anti-Japanese guerrilla war. The existence and development of the Zhuhe guerrilla base area posed a great threat to the Japanese and puppet rule. In July and August 1935, the enemy mobilized a large number of Japanese and puppet troops to once again break into the Zhuhe guerrilla base area and launch an unprecedented "big crusade" against the Japanese soldiers and civilians. Under this circumstance, the Pearl River Central County Committee held a meeting on September 10 and made a "Resolution on the Current Political Situation in East Hadong and Our Tasks" and decided that Zhao Shangzhi would lead the main force of the Third Army to leave Pearl River and go to the lower reaches of the Songhua River. New guerrilla areas were opened in the original and other places, while some teams were left to persist in the struggle in the Zhuhe guerrilla base area. Accordingly, most of the Second Regiment of the Third Army went to Tangyuan with the main force, and the rest absorbed the Pearl River Five District Model Team and the Youth Volunteer Army to form a new Second Regiment to stay in the guerrilla base area. Wang Huitong serves as the group leader, and Zhao Yiman serves as the director of the political department.

In the struggle against "punitive", Zhao Yiman and Wang Huitong led the New Second Regiment to engage in several bloody battles with the enemy in the Zhuhe guerrilla base area. At that time, the weather was getting colder and the soldiers were wearing thin clothes. They often slept in the open and fought with the enemy, effectively supporting the activities of the main force of the Third Army led by Zhao Shangzhi. Regarding Zhao Yiman's anti-Japanese activities, the Japanese and puppet newspapers once reported "the female bandit leader in red dress and white horse, running wildly in the dense forest." On November 15, 1935, the New Second Regiment was surrounded by Japanese and puppet troops while operating in Chunqiu Ridge, north of the railway. In the fierce battle during the breakout, although our army killed several people including Kiyoichi Furuya, the captain of the machine gun team of the Yokoyama unit of the Japanese army, it also suffered heavy losses. The regiment leader Wang Huitong was wounded and captured, and later killed. Zhao Yiman's left wrist was penetrated by an enemy bullet. Many soldiers died and the team was scattered by the enemy.

Afterwards, Zhao Yiman and four other people moved to Northwest Gou and recuperated in an empty house, preparing to find the lost team again. On November 22, due to a traitor's tip, the chief instructor of the Zhuhe Puppet Police Team, Shigetaro Toma, and the Puppet Police Squadron Leader, Zhang Fuxing, led the Third Squadron to surround the house where Zhao Yiman lived. During the battle, two comrades died, and Zhao Yiman was seriously injured in his left leg. With all the bullets fired and no way to retreat, Zhao Yiman and three others were captured.

Zhao Yiman and others were escorted back to the county office compound. Taiji No, the head of the secret service section of the Binjiang Provincial Police Department in Zhuhe, saw that she was bleeding too much and was afraid that she would die and would not be able to obtain a confession. , and immediately interrogated her. During the interrogation, Ohno beat her brutally with a whip and poked her wounds with the whip pole, forcing her to admit her identity as a Communist Party member and tell her about the situation in Zhao Shangzhi's army. At this time, Zhao Yiman just stared at Daye angrily and kept the secrets of the organization tight-lipped. But when Ohno asked her "Why are we carrying out anti-Japanese activities?", Zhao Yiman suddenly opened her voice and gave a righteous answer: "I am Chinese. Do I need to explain the Chinese people's resistance to Japanese aggression?" and then , she fully exposed and severely accused the deceptive propaganda such as "Japan-Manchuria Amity" and "Kingdom's Paradise" and the crimes of the Japanese invaders. From her strong attitude, the enemy believed that she was "a central leader who firmly organized more than 30,000 farmers with Zhuhe as the center."

On the fifth day, Zhao Yiman was personally monitored by Taiji Ohno. He took a train from Zhuhe and was escorted to Harbin and locked up in the detention center of the Binjiang Provincial Police Department. From then on, Ohno interrogated the seriously injured Zhao Yiman for one hour almost every day using various torture methods. But no matter whether the enemy tempted her to soften or threatened her with death, she could not shake her strong revolutionary will. She replied to the enemy: "My doctrine is to resist Japan. Just as your duty is to destroy the Anti-Japanese Association and arrest us, I have my purpose. Carrying out the anti-Japanese movement and propagating its doctrine is my purpose, my Doctrine, my belief." More than ten days later, Zhao Yiman's leg wound had ulcerated and he was in critical condition. At this time, Ohno and other enemy invaders still refused to give up and decided to treat her, imagining that after she was cured, "she could be used as a 'counterintelligence' to destroy the anti-Japanese organization." On December 13, Zhao Yiman was sent to Harbin Municipal Hospital (now the old building of the inpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University). After being admitted to the hospital, it was discovered through X-ray photography that his left thigh had a comminuted fracture, with more than 20 bone fragments in the soft tissue. In order to save her life, the enemy decided to perform amputation surgery on her. However, Zhao Yiman was categorically opposed. Later, under the careful treatment of Zhang Baiyan, a surgeon at the Municipal Hospital, Zhao Yiman's injury gradually improved. After about three or four months, she was able to walk with a cane. In March 1936, Zhao Yiman moved from the first ward to the sixth ward (on the second floor of Yiman Street next to the current medical university). Police officer Dong Xianxun and nurse Han Yongyi were sent to monitor and take care of her.

Both Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi are patriotic young people with strong national consciousness. Zhao Yiman often told them about the heroic struggle between the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army led by the party and the Japanese invaders, and how their lives in the mountains of Binxian, Zhuhe, Yanshou and other places were full of revolutionary significance. She wrote all the atrocities committed by the Japanese invaders and the sacred mission of every Chinese to expel the Japanese invaders and overthrow Manchukuo on paper wrapped with medicine for them to read. After Zhao Yiman's education, both Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi expressed their intention to be anti-Manchurian and anti-Japanese patriots, and to help Zhao Yiman escape and go to the Hadong Anti-Japanese Base Area together. In early June, news came from the pseudo police department that a group of pseudo police officers would be redeployed. In order to gain the initiative, Zhao Yiman convened a meeting between Dong and Han on June 24 and decided to escape on June 28. (4) June 28 is a Sunday. Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi took advantage of the hospital's official holiday and the lax guards to carry Zhao Yiman into a car through the back door of the sixth ward at 9 o'clock that night. Afterwards, drive along Shan Street towards Taiping Bridge. After arriving at the slaughterhouse near the Confucian Temple, Zhao Yiman got off the car, got on a sedan prepared in advance, and was carried by a sedan bearer to escape from Harbin. That night, Zhao Yiman, Dong Xianxun, and Han Yongyi changed to a carriage at the Jin family shack and rushed to the anti-Japanese guerrilla base area in the third district of Binxian County.

On the morning of June 29, the enemy discovered that Zhao Yiman had escaped. Therefore, a strict investigation was conducted on the people and vehicles entering and leaving the sixth ward on the 28th. The Russian driver was found. According to his confession, the enemy found the sedan shop outside the road again, and then sent pseudo police to quickly pursue him towards the third district of Binxian County. On the morning of June 30, Zhao Yiman and three other people were hunted by the enemy near Lijiatun, which was only 20 miles away from the guerrilla base area.

After Zhao Yiman was arrested, the enemy imprisoned her in the Harbin Puppet Police Department Detention Center (now the basement of the Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall). Lin Kuanzhong, the cruel chief of the pseudo-police department, ordered the murderer to torture Zhao Yiman even more by filling him with gasoline, whipping him with a whip, burning him with a soldering iron, and tying him with iron bars. But Zhao Yiman has always been unyielding and unwavering. She angrily scolded the spy leader Lin Kuanzhong: "You bandits can turn the entire village into rubble and chop people into mud, but you can't destroy the faith of the Communists." She was arrested at the same time as Zhao Yiman. Under his influence, the captured Dong Xianxun and Han Yongyi also behaved very bravely and strongly.

A month later, the enemy could no longer do anything to Zhao Yiman, so he decided to execute him. On August 2, 1936, Zhao Yiman was escorted by the enemy to Zhuhe County, the place where she had fought. On the train to Zhuhe, Zhao Yiman remained calm and collected. The enemy and puppet archives record: "While being escorted, although she felt that death was approaching, she did not show any panic attitude at all. Instead, she revealed that dying for the anti-Japanese struggle is the glorious tone." In the train, Zhao Yiman was escorted from The enemy asked for paper and pen, and wrote a passionate last words to his beloved son: "Ning'er! It's a pity that my mother failed to fulfill her educational responsibility for you. Because my mother resolutely did anti-Manchurian The struggle against Japan has reached the eve of sacrifice. My mother will never have the chance to see you again during her lifetime. I hope you, Ning'er, will grow up as soon as possible to comfort your underground mother! I don’t need a thousand words to educate you, I will educate you with reality. When you grow up, I hope you will not forget that your mother died for the country on August 2, 1936! "In the car"

After Zhao Yiman finished writing, he felt that the remaining words were not finished, so he wrote again: "After the death of the mother, my children will continue to fight in place of the mother, grow up and become adults on their own." "Comfort the mother who is under Jiuquan."

When they arrived at Zhuhe, the enemy put Zhao Yiman on a car and "paraded him through the streets." But she was high-spirited and looked down upon death. On that day, Zhao Yiman, who was only 31 years old, died heroically outside the Xiaobei Gate of Zhuhe. Before her execution, she raised her handcuffed arms and shouted slogans such as "Long live the Chinese Communist Party!" and "Down with Japanese imperialism!" In this regard, the enemy's records said: "His calm attitude and lack of fear are shocking."

The party and the people have not forgotten this outstanding son and daughter who heroically sacrificed their lives for the liberation of the Chinese nation. After the liberation of Northeast China, in order to commemorate her forever, the local government renamed the mountain street she passed when escaping from the hospital in Harbin to Yiman Street. At the same time, the former Harbin City Puppet Police Department where she was tortured was converted into the Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall. In order to praise and praise this heroine, Chairman Zhu De once wrote an inscription: "The revolutionary hero and martyr Zhao Yiman will be immortal!" Guo Moruo wrote a poem for him:

The heroine of Sichuan is a rich hero, and the stone pillars still have traces of good jade. .

Zhao Yiman is the song of today’s song all over the world, and the female pioneer will always be remembered by all people.

Youth brings prosperity to the country, and blood dyes the world red.

The northeast and southwest all raise their heads, and the Pearl River has been carrying the east wind for hundreds of millions of years.

Although Zhao Yiman, the good daughter of the Party and the loyal anti-Japanese national hero, has passed away, she has great ambitions, strong will, unyielding and noble national integrity, and revolutionary character and unswerving loyalty to the cause of the Party. The great national spirit emanating from her will always be a bright red flag for the Chinese people on the road ahead. This article was written by the Party History Research Office of the Provincial Party Committee