Analysis of bridge maintenance management methods?

What are the specific contents of the bridge maintenance management measures? The following is the answer of Zhong Da Consulting Company.

In recent years, transportation departments at all levels have generally strengthened the management of bridge maintenance, and it has become an urgent need to further improve the standardization level of bridge maintenance. Based on the present situation of bridge maintenance in China, this paper systematically expounds various problems faced by bridge maintenance, and puts forward some improvement measures according to the actual situation.

With the rapid development of national economy, the development of highway transportation has advanced by leaps and bounds. The quality of a large number of highway bridges built in the 1960s and 1970s rapidly declined under the increasing vehicle load, and soon developed from Grade I and II to Grade III, IV or even V bridges. Bridge collapse accidents also occur from time to time, posing a threat to people's lives and property. It has become an urgent need to further improve the standardized management level of bridge maintenance in order to prevent the occurrence of bridge collapse and collision accidents and ensure the smooth and intact highway bridges. Through many years' work practice, the author puts forward some views on the present situation and existing problems of bridge maintenance management.

Problems existing in current bridge maintenance work

Bridge is an important part of highway, and the quality of bridge maintenance is directly related to the safety and smoothness of highway traffic. At present, on the one hand, it is the rapid development of bridge construction; on the other hand, although the state has made great efforts to transform some old and dangerous bridges, there are still four or five types of bridges in various places. How to maintain and manage existing bridges, keep them in good working condition, prolong their service life and ensure the traffic safety of bridges has become a new topic faced by highway management departments at all levels.

(1) The flow load is increasing year by year. The annual average daily traffic volume of highway has increased sharply, which has accelerated the pace of bridge aging. The appearance of overweight vehicles, container trucks and large-tonnage vehicles increases the load of bridges, which leads to pavement damage and bridge deck fracture in many expressways and bridges just after they are put into use, which accelerates the damage of bridges. In particular, the low-standard bridge designed by the original design load standard can't meet the increasing demand of heavy vehicles, which leads to the bridge unable to bear the increasing load, which leads to the rapid development of diseases, greatly reducing the normal service life of the bridge, and various diseases are gradually exposed, and the third and fourth types of bridges rapidly develop into five types of dangerous bridges. Its hidden damage to bridges is more serious than its obvious damage to highways.

(2) Lack of details in maintenance management. Due to the profound influence of the traditional concept of maintenance, maintenance departments at all levels, especially front-line maintenance departments, pay insufficient attention to bridge maintenance, pay attention to early and small, and prevent delaying the opportunity. They did not pay attention to the hidden dangers of diseases buried in subtle places, the maintenance of bridge components was not in place, and the treatment and maintenance of diseases were not timely. For example, the joint between the approach road surface and the bridge is not flat enough, which leads to bump at the bridge head; Bridge railing is damaged; The expansion joint is damaged by packing; Deck cleaning problem; Defects such as displacement, subsidence cavities and cracks caused by blockage of drainage holes and construction delivery cannot be repaired in time in daily maintenance, resulting in diseases such as concrete peeling, exposed corrosion of steel bars and loss of activity ability of movable supports. This not only reduces the safety and comfort of traffic, but also directly affects the service level and service life of the bridge.

(3) Lack of bridge maintenance professionals. Bridge is a professional and technical building. At present, most highway maintenance management units lack professional technicians and skilled workers for bridge maintenance, especially grass-roots maintenance units. Even if there are responsible people, their knowledge and expertise in bridge maintenance and management are relatively lacking. On the other hand, the experience gained in bridge management in recent years shows that the lack of good summary and communication hinders the improvement of bridge maintenance management level.

Prevention and control measures and countermeasures

In view of the above-mentioned bridge maintenance status, combined with the current bridge maintenance requirements, in order to ensure the safety and smoothness of the bridge and comprehensively improve the highway service level, the bridge management and maintenance work needs to be strengthened from the following aspects.

(1) Transportation departments at all levels should firmly establish the "people-oriented" service concept, earnestly strengthen leadership and management, and attach great importance to the maintenance and management of highway bridges, especially dangerous national and provincial trunk roads. Highway maintenance departments at all levels, especially grass-roots maintenance departments, must raise the understanding level of bridge maintenance to a new height.

(2) Transportation departments at all levels should arrange certain funds in the annual maintenance work plan to ensure the inspection, maintenance and reinforcement of bridges, and ensure the reasonable and full use of funds for bridge maintenance and reinforcement. At the same time, according to the actual situation in various places, put forward practical management objectives and measures for highway bridges, and comprehensively promote bridge reconstruction, maintenance and reinforcement.

(3) Establish the idea of "quality first" and pay special attention to the quality of bridge construction projects. For bridge reconstruction projects, highway management organizations at all levels should introduce competition mechanism and implement bidding system, project supervision system and contract management system. Strict quality management, quality control of materials, increased supervision in engineering construction, and construction in strict accordance with design drawings to ensure the quality of bridge construction and reduce worries during use.

(4) In order to meet the development requirements of highway transportation, it is necessary to carry out technical transformation on trunk roads and bridges with low original technical standards and improve the standards. The technical transformation of bridges needs comprehensive consideration in order to obtain a more economical and reasonable technical scheme. Through technical transformation, its carrying capacity can meet the needs of current highway transportation, and it has a certain safety reserve.

(5) Strictly implement the management system and define the bridge maintenance engineering system. Management departments at all levels should arrange special personnel to be responsible for the daily maintenance and management of bridges, and effectively correct the tendency of "maintaining roads without repairing bridges"; Where conditions permit, special institutions can be set up. In order to strengthen the inspection and detection of bridges, it is necessary to carry out regular inspection, regular inspection and special inspection of bridges according to the requirements of the Code for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culverts, and make records, so as to systematically grasp the technical conditions of bridges, find defects and anomalies as early as possible, put forward maintenance measures, ensure traffic safety and prolong the service life of bridges.

(6) Vigorously promote the CBMS system (bridge management system), do a good job in the general survey and registration of bridges, and establish and improve the technical archives of bridges. In our daily technical work, we feel that the bridge information is extremely imperfect, the archived information is not archived, and the card is not built. Especially in recent years, there are a large number of new highway reconstruction projects, and the technical conditions of bridges have changed greatly. It is difficult to find out the technical status of the bridge systematically and completely without organizing a group of personnel to conduct a special investigation on the bridge within the specified period, so it is difficult to establish and improve the technical archives of the bridge. CBMS system (bridge management system) should be used scientifically to gradually realize scientific information transmission and disease treatment countermeasures, and provide multi-directional information service and auxiliary decision-making for bridge maintenance management, statistical planning, image processing and reinforcement countermeasures. Its popularization and application has promoted the bridge maintenance work, increased the scientific and technological content of bridge management, and has extensive economic and social benefits.

(7) Improve the management level and carry out "refined management" in a targeted manner. "Fine management" comes from a management method of advanced enterprises in developed countries, taking the road of maintenance as the object, relying on modern information means, being good at planning and controlling, and realizing "zero defect" in maintenance quality. In addition to the commonly used maintenance tools, maintenance personnel must also bring their own "unconventional weapons" such as sickles, steel hooks and even rags. Sickle is used to remove attachments and flatten weeds along the greening line, steel hook is used to clean embedded parts of bridge expansion joints, rag is used to clean pollutants on the surface of markers and so on. Do a good job of cooling the main bridge deck in summer to reduce the influence of high temperature on the performance of the bridge deck; Do a good job in preventing ice and snow in winter, clear ice and snow obstacles in time, and reduce the impact of ice and snow weather on bridge traffic.

(8) Try to adopt relevant scientific research achievements at home and abroad, promote the use of relevant new technologies, new materials, new equipment and new experiences, and pay attention to the combination of scientific saving and economic benefits. Vigorously promote and develop maintenance mechanization, implement the combination of large, medium and small, focus on small, and gradually realize the standardization and systematization of bridge maintenance machinery and equipment to ensure maintenance quality, improve maintenance production efficiency and reduce labor intensity.

Concluding remarks

With the vigorous development of transportation, a number of super-long-span bridges with high technology content, complex technology and difficult construction have been built or will be built in China. In other words, China's bridge construction technology has entered the world's advanced level, which puts forward higher requirements for bridge maintenance. Traffic management and maintenance departments at all levels should further raise awareness, attach great importance to bridge maintenance and management from the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, raise safety awareness, fully implement the highway bridge maintenance and management system, adhere to the policy of putting prevention first and combining prevention with control, and take effective measures to ensure the safety and smoothness of highway bridges.

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